Working at the bar : sex work and health communication in Thailand / / Thomas M. Steinfatt

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910973238003321
• Autore: Steinfatt Thomas M. <1941->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Westport, Conn : , : Praeger, , 2002; London : , : Bloomsbury Publishing, , 2024
• ISBN: 9798216038726; 9786610314959; 9781280314957; 1280314958; 9780313010514; 031301051X
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (448 p.)
• Collana: Civic discourse for the third millennium
• Disciplina: 331.25
• Soggetti: Sex-oriented businesses - Thailand; Communication in medicine - Thailand
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (p. 401-423) and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover -- WORKING AT THE BAR -- CONTENTS -- ILLUSTRATIONS -- TABLES -- FIGURES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- A NOTE ON THE GLOSSARY AND THE USE OF BOLDFACE AND ITALIC -- 1 ON STUDYING SEX WORK -- INTRODUCTION -- WHY STUDY AIDS? -- WHY STUDY COMMERCIAL SEX? -- The Free/Paid Distinction -- Needed Research -- Basic Questions -- WHY STUDY THESE ISSUES IN THAILAND? -- Commercial Sex Is Dependent on Population Density -- Projected Growth Rates in Asian Cities -- Asian Cities Will Be Young and Poor, and the Poor Are Female -- Commercial Sex Providers Are Mainly Young Poor Females -- THAILAND AS A GLOBAL PLAYER -- Features of Commercial Sex in Thailand -- TERMS OF REFERENCE -- Bar Worker -- Names -- "Prostitute" -- "Prostitution" -- A CRIME OF COMMUNICATION -- "Dirty Old Foreign Men with Money" -- Context of Understanding -- 2 NUMBERS AND TYPES OF WORKERS AND WORKPLACES -- GEOGRAPHIC MAPPING STUDY -- Existence of Streetwalkers -- Proportions of Venue Types and Worker Types -- ; Number of Workers in Bangkok -- Number of Workers in Thailand: Point-in-Time Estimate -- DIRECT VERSUS INDIRECT VENUES AND WORKERS -- VENUES NOT STUDIED -- Barbershops, Teahouses, Karaoke Parlors, and Khao Tom -- Massage Parlors -- Local Thai Bars -- Brothels -- Brothels in the North -- The Role of Brothels, Hotels, and Outcall Services in Foreign-Oriented Commercial Sex -- FOREIGN-ORIENTED BARS -- Areas Studied -- Patpong -- Nana -- Cowboy -- South Pattaya -- Format Changes over Time -- Types of Bars -- Hostess Bars and Discos -- Go-go/Downstairs-Type Bars -- Show/Upstairs-type Bars -- Specialty-Service Bars -- After-Hours Venues -- CLIP JOINTS -- Screening of Applicants -- THE SHOW -- Artistic Acts -- Body Painting -- Fire Show -- Candle Show -- Floor Exercise -- Bath or Shower Show -- Traveling Man/Snake Show -- Simulated S&amp -- M Show -- Insertion/Expulsion Acts -- Extraction Acts.; Insertion Acts -- Meaning of the Show -- 3 THE ROUTES TO BAR WORK -- INFLUENTIAL FIRST SOURCES OF BAR WORK INFORMATION -- Phase I Data: Optimal Heterophily in Workers as Information Sources -- Phase II Data -- Indentured Servitude, Slavery, and Abuse -- MOTIVATIONS TOWARD BAR WORK -- Ability -- Money -- Economic Hardship -- Economic Advantage: Increase in Standard of Living -- Love and Money -- Boredom versus the Excitement of the Bar -- The Dating/Exciting Model -- The Home/Family Model -- Friendship -- Status -- English -- 4 REASONS FOR NOT WORKING -- INITIAL CONSIDERATIONS -- Loss of Status -- Sex without Love -- Loss of Boyfriends and the Ability to Marry -- Loss of Self-Respect -- Parents -- Hassles -- Arrest, Fines, and Incarceration -- Considerations of Foreign Workers -- LATER CONSIDERATIONS -- Difficulty and Nature of the Work -- Job Satisfaction -- Hardening and Desensitization -- Job Hazards -- Assault and Refusal to Pay -- Disease -- Losing Money to Pimps -- Abandoning Children Conceived in the Occupation -- A Bad Ending -- Required Intimacy with Unattractive Partners -- Required Intimacy with Unknown Partners -- Enjoyment of Sex on the Job -- SUMMARY OF LACK OF REASONS FOR NOT WORKING -- FUTURE RESEARCH -- 5 MORAL AND RELIGIOUS CONCERNS -- BUDDHISM -- Lay Buddhism -- Sexual Immorality -- Merit Making -- Status of Women -- Buddhism as Practiced -- RELIGIOUS PRACTICE WITHIN THE BAR -- THE MORALITY OF BAR WORK -- Promiscuity -- Honesty -- Reopening the Closed Deal -- COMMERCIAL SEX AND WESTERN MORAL THOUGHT -- THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MODEL AND THE SUPPRESSION OF SEX WORK -- 6 BAR WORKER DEMOGRAPHICS -- AGE -- Comparisons with Other Studies -- Age-Cohort Friendship Groups -- The Youngest Workers -- Comparison of U.S. and International Data -- United States -- International -- Thai-U.S. Comparison -- Number of Underage Workers -- The 800,000.; Empirically Based Estimates -- Enforcement Effects -- The Oldest Workers: Two Cases -- Suay -- Noi -- FAMILY OF ORIGIN AND RESIDENCE -- Area Definitions -- Origin -- Means of Support of Family of Origin -- Current Living Situation -- EDUCATION -- PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL CHALLENGES -- Hearing Impairment -- Drug Use -- 7 EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS -- PRIOR BAR WORK EXPERIENCE -- MONTHS WORKED -- AGE FIRST WORKED -- EMPLOYEE TURNOVER -- Turnover Rate -- Employment Activity Rate -- Workforce Half-Life -- Observed Turnover and Employment Activity -- Observed Half-Life -- Reenter Percentage -- Novice-Worker Percentage -- Applications of the Reenter and Novice-Worker Percentages -- Number of Workers in Thailand: Yearly Ever-Worked Estimate -- Effect of Foreign Workers and Working Abroad -- Yearly Population Proportion Estimate -- SUNLIGHTING: ; WORK IN ADDITION TO BAR WORK -- NUMBER OF CUSTOMERS -- INCOME -- Salaries and Commissions -- Tips -- Customer Payments for Services -- Fines -- Calculating Income -- Income Variation -- Income Comparisons -- Comparisons with Previous Studies -- Thai Minimum Wage -- Other Thai Income Comparisons -- Incomes of Outcall Workers -- DISTRIBUTION OF CUSTOMER PAYOUT -- BAR WORKER EXPENSES: WHERE DOES THE MONEY GO? -- Savings -- Major Expenses -- Lesser Expenses -- 8 PARTNER SELECTION AND NEGOTIATIONS -- INTERACTION STAGES IN SHOW BARS, GO-GO BARS, AND SALARIED HOSTESS BARS -- The Approach Stage -- The Decision to Approach -- The Selectivity Index -- The Approach Itself -- The Social Interaction Stage -- The Negotiation/Sell Stage -- Use of Extraction Fabrications -- Cooperation and Competition in the Negotiation/Sell Stage -- Negotiating to Go -- Inside versus Outside -- Preemptive Payments -- Inducing a Reluctant Worker to Go -- Delivery of Services -- INTERACTION STAGES IN PHI HOSTESS BARS.; INTERACTION STAGES IN SPECIALTY-SERVICE BARS -- INTERACTION STAGES IN OUTCALL WORK -- 9 AIDS IN THAILAND -- THE EXTENT OF THE AIDS PANDEMIC -- THE EPIDEMIC IN THAILAND -- The Five Waves of HIV Infection in Thailand -- The Extended Cost of AIDS -- Changes in Risk Factors and Prevalence in Thai Population Subgroups -- WHAT DO WE MEAN BY "YOU'VE GOT AIDS?" -- Testing in Sex Work Venues -- α and β: Type I and Type II Error Rates in HIV Testing -- Western Blot Error Rates -- ELISA Error Rates -- Effects of Communication of a Positive Test Result -- The Effects of Communication of a Negative Test Result -- AIDS BELIEFS AND KNOWLEDGE IN THAILAND -- SEX EDUCATION IN THAILAND -- SEXUAL BEHAVIOR IN THAILAND -- Visits to Sex Workers -- Number of Customers of Sex Workers -- AIDS AND COMMERCIAL SEX IN THAILAND -- Sexual Transmission Rates -- Infection Rates and Related Risk Factors in Commercial Sex -- Infection Rates among Female Sex Workers -- Infection Rates Among Males -- The Decline in Infection Rates and in Brothel Visits as a Risk Factor -- CONDOMS, COMMERCIAL SEX, AND AIDS IN THAILAND -- Do Condoms Encourage Sex? -- Condom Effectiveness and Breakage -- Decreased Sensation -- Condom Use -- The "100% Condom Campaign" -- Risk of HIV during Oral Sex -- Continued Condom Use -- Alcohol Consumption, Sexual Behavior Patterns, and Condom Use -- Use of Multiple Condoms -- Condoms and Cervical Cancer -- The Female Condom -- THE EFFECTS OF KNOWLEDGE AND EDUCATION ON RISK BEHAVIOR -- Knowledge -- Fear Appeals -- Locus of Control -- Knowledge of AIDS Vaccine Trials -- Studies of Unique Populations -- Sexual Beliefs and Behaviors of IV Drug Users -- Men Who Have Sex With Men -- Hill Tribe Studies -- AIDS Education in Thai Commercial Sex -- Outreach Programs -- Health Education -- EMPOWER -- WELD and Microloans -- The Model Brothel Program -- Diffusion of Innovations.; RELATIONAL BONDS, CONDOM USE, AND THE "CAUSE" OF AIDS -- Commercial Yes, Noncommercial No -- The Relational Bond Effect -- Feen Relationships, Casual Sex, and Marriage -- A Mechanism for Blaming Sex Workers for HIV Transmission -- Occupations Do not Transmit AIDS -- 10 CONDOM USE AND HEALTH COMMUNICATION IN FOREIGN-ORIENTED BARS -- DO ORAL RESPONSES RELATE TO ACTUAL CONDOM USE? -- CONDOM USE PROPORTIONS IN BAR TRANSACTIONS -- BAR TYPE, WORKER TYPE, AND CONDOM USE -- BAR WORKER CONDOM REQUESTS PRIOR TO VAGINAL SEX WITH CUSTOMERS -- Bar Worker Condom Use with Noncommercial Partners -- BAR WORKER NATURAL MESSAGE STRATEGIES IN INDUCING CONDOM USE -- Opening Strategies -- Fallback Strategies -- EFFECTIVE WORKER ; COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES -- 11 HOPES, DREAMS, AND THE FUTURE -- SHORT-TERM GOALS -- MID-RANGE GOALS -- LONG-TERM GOALS -- The "No Thai Men" Rule -- A Perceptual Domain Explanation -- A Comparison with "Sarong Party Girls" -- RETIREMENT -- The Sample of Retired Workers -- Pattern 1 (Representing 13 Retirees)-Ah, Ton's Wife -- Pattern 2 (Representing 12 Retirees)-Bun, Older Sister -- Pattern 3 (Representing 10 Retirees)-Kop, Sister and Student -- Pattern 4 (Representing 5 Retirees)-Lek, Never on Sunday -- Pattern 5 (Representing 5 Retirees)-Doi, The Emigrant -- Pattern 6 (Representing 10 Retirees)-Lai, Coping and Thinking of Japan -- On Working Abroad -- Closing Comments on Retirement -- 12 SUPPORT STAFF, MANAGEMENT, AND OWNERS -- SUPPORT STAFF -- MANAGEMENT -- The Manager -- Why Have a Mamasan? -- The DJ -- Manager Style -- Hiring Decisions -- The Manager's Views on Health Issues: Phase I -- The Manager's Views on Health Issues: Phase II -- Sok, the Manager -- Mamasan -- Conducting Staff Meetings -- Mamasan's Views on Health Issues: Phase I -- Mamasan's Views on Health Issues: Phase II -- Pattern 7 (Representing 9 Retirees)-Mrs. Daeng, Mamasan.; OWNERS.
• Sommario/riassunto: Commercial sex is the occupation of a significant portion of the women of the world, providing economic support for millions of people and their families. Working at the Bar is the first-ever, long-term, longitudinal, in-depth study of a large sex work industry-and Thailand, the most prominent nation in the rapidly growing sex tourism industry, makes for an excellent case study. While previous works have provided brief glimpses of one group of workers studied from a particular point of view, author Thomas Steinfatt examines considerations of health, behavior, economics, morality, religion, and worker safety. The result of data gathered from thousands of workers and customers in Thailand over a period of twelve years, Working at the Bar covers all aspects of an industry that, although it does not conform to various Western ideals, is nevertheless enormously significant. Among the most provocative of Steinfatt's arguments is that sex work is not itself immoral, and that far from being the exploitation industry we might imagine, sex work in Thailand is beneficial to everyone involved-especially given that education in this nation has proven not to be a viable alternative. Providing an opportunity for economic progress unavailable through other means, and providing working conditions far safer than those of the average Thai factory, sex work is ripe for a study that explores all aspects and perceptions associated with it. Working at the Bar is that long overdue study.

The voices of Morebath : reformation and rebellion in an English village / / Eamon Duffy

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910957064403321
• Autore: Duffy Eamon
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: New Haven, : Yale University Press, c2001
• ISBN: 0-300-17502-7
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (261 p.)
• Disciplina: 274.23/52
• Soggetti: Reformation - England - Morebath; Morebath (England) Church history 16th century
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (p. [200]-208) and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- A note on names and spelling -- Preface -- Illustrations -- 1. A Place Apart -- 2. The Voices of Morebath -- 3. The Pursuit of Peace -- 4. The Piety of Morebath -- 5. Banishing Saint Sidwell -- 6. Morebath Dismantled -- 7. Under Two Queens -- Appendix: The Wardens of Morebath -- Bibliography -- Notes -- Index
• Sommario/riassunto: In the fifty years between 1530 and 1580, England moved from being one of the most lavishly Catholic countries in Europe to being a Protestant nation, a land of whitewashed churches and antipapal preaching. What was the impact of this religious change in the countryside? And how did country people feel about the revolutionary upheavals that transformed their mental and material worlds under Henry VIII and his three children?In this book a reformation historian takes us inside the mind and heart of Morebath, a remote and tiny sheep farming village on the southern edge of Exmoor. The bulk of Morebath's conventional archives have long since vanished. But from 1520 to 1574, through nearly all the drama of the English Reformation, Morebath's only priest, Sir Christopher Trychay, kept the parish accounts on behalf of the churchwardens. Opinionated, eccentric, and talkative, Sir Christopher filled these vivid scripts for parish meetings with the names and doings of his parishioners. Through his eyes we catch a rare glimpse of the life and pre-Reformation piety of a sixteenth-century English village.The book also offers a unique window ; into a rural world in crisis as the Reformation progressed. Sir Christopher Trychay's accounts provide direct evidence of the motives which drove the hitherto law-abiding West-Country communities to participate in the doomed Prayer-Book Rebellion of 1549 culminating in the siege of Exeter that ended in bloody defeat and a wave of executions. Its church bells confiscated and silenced, Morebath shared in the punishment imposed on all the towns and villages of Devon and Cornwall. Sir Christopher documents the changes in the community, reluctantly Protestant and increasingly preoccupied with the secular demands of the Elizabethan state, the equipping of armies, and the payment of taxes. Morebath's priest, garrulous to the end of his days, describes a rural world irrevocably altered and enables us to hear the voices of his villagers after four hundred years of silence.