Aspect and the categorization of states : the case of ser and estar in Spanish / / David Brian Roby

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910967789603321
• Autore: Roby David Brian <1972->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Philadelphia, : John Benjamins Pub. Co., 2009
• ISBN: 9786612444975; 9781282444973; 1282444972; 9789027288943; 9027288941
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (210 p.)
• Collana: Studies in language companion series ; ; 114
• Disciplina: 465/.6
• Soggetti: Spanish language - Verb; Ser (The Spanish word); Estar (The Spanish word)
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Aspect and the Categorization of States -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Abbreviations -- Preface -- Introduction -- Chapter 1. Theoretical premises and background data -- 1.0 Introduction -- 1.1 Theoretical premises -- 1.1.1 Cognitive divisions of the world -- 1.1.2 Stage-level vs. individual-level predication -- 1.1.3 The pragmatic component -- 1.1.4 The functional category of aspect -- 1.1.5 Aspectual composition -- 1.2 Data layout -- 1.2.1 Spanish data -- 1.2.2 Cross-linguistic data -- Chapter 2. Common interpretations of ser and estar -- 2.0 Introduction -- 2.1 The permanent vs. temporary distinction -- 2.1.1 Evidence for the permanent vs. temporary distinction -- 2.1.2 Arguments against the permanent vs. temporary distinction -- 2.2 estar used to indicate a change of state -- 2.2.1 Apparent cases of estar denoting a change of state -- 2.2.2 estar used for geographical or other location -- 2.2.3 estar+adjective as counterevidence -- 2.3 Meaning change in adjectives constructed with ser or estar -- 2.4 The implied comparison interpretation -- 2.5 ser for inherent characteristics vs. estar for ; current condition -- 2.6 Summary -- Chapter 3. Other theoretical developments -- 3.0 Introduction -- 3.1 Davidsonian event arguments and stage- vs. individual-level predicates -- 3.2 The vp/ip split hypothesis -- 3.3 ser and estar and the stage-level/individual-level distinction -- 3.3.1 Arguments in favor of the slp/ilp distinction for ser and estar -- 3.3.2 Arguments against the slp/ilp distinction for ser and estar presented by Maienborn (2005) -- 3.3.3 Arguments against the slp/ilp distinction for ser and estar presented by Schmitt (1992) -- 3.3.4 The descriptive inadequacy of the slp/ilp analysis for passive sentences -- 3.4 ser and estar as aspectual indicators.; 3.5 Maienborn's (2005) discourse-based account of ser and estar -- 3.5.1 Lexical semantics -- 3.5.2 Compositional semantics -- 3.5.3 The pragmatic component -- 3.6 Schmitt's analysis: Copula verbs and aspectual composition -- 3.6.1 Distributed Morphology and Generative Lexicon -- 3.6.2 ser as transparent verbalizer and estar as non-transparent verbalizer -- 3.6.3 Act be readings for ser and estar -- 3.6.4 ser and estar and statehood -- 3.7 Summary -- Chapter 4. Critical assessment of a discourse-based interpretation -- 4.0 Introduction -- 4.1 Testing Maienborn's (2005) analysis for descriptive adequacy -- 4.1.1 Evidentiality and the use of estar -- 4.1.2 Selectional restrictions for ser and estar -- 4.1.3 Topic situation contrast along a temporal dimension -- 4.1.4 Topic situation contrast along a spatial dimension -- 4.1.5 Locative sentences and an s* contrast along a temporal dimension -- 4.2 Advantages of a discourse-based framework for ser and estar -- 4.2.1 The preterite and imperfect conjugations in Spanish -- 4.2.2 Special uses of the imperfect -- 4.2.3 Special uses of the preterite -- 4.2.4 Special uses of the progressive construction -- 4.3 Potential drawbacks of a pragmatically-inspired framework -- 4.3.1 Lack of cross-linguistic uniformity for pragmatics -- 4.3.2 Lack of cross-dialectal uniformity for pragmatics -- 4.4 Summary -- Chapter 5. Aspectual composition and ser and estar -- 5.0 Introduction -- 5.1 Testing Schmitt's (2005) analysis for descriptive adequacy -- 5.1.1 Schmitt's act be data and grammaticality judgments -- 5.1.2 Co-composition with ser and estar -- 5.1.3 Implication in ser- and estar-predication -- 5.2 Schmitt's features for ser and estar -- 5.2.1 Aspectual morphology in the Spanish verbal paradigm -- 5.2.2 The case for ser as an imperfective copula -- 5.3 General observations regarding aspectual composition.; 5.3.1 Aspectual classification and aspectual composition -- 5.3.2 Aspectual influence of nouns and adjectives on ser/estar-predication -- 5.3.3 The contribution of the verb to aspectual composition -- 5.4 Summary -- Chapter 6. Aspectual distinction in Spanish copular predication -- 6.0 Introduction -- 6.1 An aspect-driven theory for ser/estar -- 6.1.1 Aspectual features for both ser and estar -- 6.1.2 The compositional calculation of aspect -- 6.1.3 How aspect applies to states -- 6.1.4 Aspectual calculation for stative sentences -- 6.2 Theoretical justification for an aspectual analysis -- 6.2.1 Aspect as a grammatical category -- 6.2.2 Constant values for ser and estar in aspectual composition -- 6.2.3 The Spanish reflexive -- 6.3 Empirical evidence -- 6.3.1 Attributive predication -- 6.3.2 Equational predication -- 6.3.3 Generic predication -- 6.3.4 ser and estar in expressions of time -- 6.3.5 Evidential predicates -- 6.4 Summary -- Chapter 7. Conclusions -- 7.0 Introduction -- 7.1 Aspect and explanatory adequacy -- 7.1.1 The Theory of Universal Grammar -- 7.1.2 Aspect as a universal functional feature -- 7.1.3 Aspect as universal for states -- 7.2 Cross-linguistic considerations -- 7.2.1 Aspectual be in African American English -- 7.2.2 The "copula" and the "substantive verb" in Irish -- 7.3 Implications for future research -- ; 7.3.1 Aspect and the syntax-semantics interface -- 7.3.2 Universal quantifiers and aspectual composition -- 7.3.3 Aspect and diachronic language change -- 7.4 Summary -- References -- Subject Index -- Studies in Language Companion Series.
• Sommario/riassunto: In this work, the Spanish copulae ser and estar are argued to be aspectual morphemes. Their binary opposition reflects the universal aspectual values [±Perfective], which are the same ones overtly expressed by the preterite and imperfect past tense forms in Spanish. It can therefore be shown that different types of states, just like different types of events, can be categorized based on their aspectual composition. Additionally, the inherent semantic differences between events and states can be accounted for by analyzing aspect as applying to events internally and to states externally. A useful resource for the beginning linguist as well as the most seasoned analyst, this work is written in language that is easy to understand while remaining faithful to all of the appropriate relevant technical terminology. Anyone who is seriously interested in exploring why the Spanish verbs ser and estar are used the way they are should read this book.

Northern Ontario in Historical Statistics, 1871–2021 : Expansion, Growth, and Decline in a Hinterland-Colonial Region / / David Leadbeater; ed. by Pierre Anctil

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910907101403321
• Autore: Leadbeater David
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Ottawa : , : University of Ottawa Press, , [2024]; 2024
• ISBN: 0-7766-4168-9
• Edizione: [Digital ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (292 p.)
• Collana: Canadian Studies ; ; 10
• Disciplina: 317.13/1
• Soggetti: Settler colonialism - Ontario, Northern; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Demography; Electronic books.; Ontario, Northern Statistics; Ontario, Northern Population Statistics
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Frontmatter -- Table of Contents -- List of Maps -- List of Tables -- List of Appendix Tables -- Acknowledgements -- CHAPTER 1 Introduction -- CHAPTER 2 The Colonial North of Ontario and Official Statistics -- CHAPTER 3 General Population Increase and Decline since 1871 -- CHAPTER 4 Source Populations and Social Composition in the Settlement and Evolution of Northern Ontario -- CHAPTER 5 The Evolution of Population and Employment across Districts inNorthern Ontario -- CHAPTER 6 Urban Concentration of Population and Employment Conditions -- CHAPTER 7 Issues of Disparity, Distribution, and Economic Dependency in Northern Ontario -- CHAPTER 8 Conclusion -- APPENDIX Supplemental Tables -- Table Notes and Data Sources -- Bibliography -- Index
• Sommario/riassunto: "Although deeply experienced by Indigenous peoples, the settler-colonial structure of Northern Ontario’s development plays little explicit analytical role in official government discussions and policy. This "moose in the room”—hinterland-colonial conditions—deserves much greater attention. This study provides original tables on Indigenous relative to settler populations, treaty and reserve areas, and provincially controlled “unorganized territories.” It examines colonial biases in the census data as a contribution towards decolonizing changes in official statistics. More broadly, it offers an overview of major long-term population, employment, and urban concentration trends since 1871 in the region now called “Northern Ontario” (or “Nord de l’Ontario”). Based on original historical tables, the study discusses patterns of change at not only Northern Ontario regional level relative to Southern Ontario but also at the district and community levels. Further, the study examines employment-population ratios, unemployment, and economic dependency, particularly for recent decades of decline since the 1970s, and it questions narrowly demographic explanations of population decline. Attention is given to the misuse and variety of dependency ratios in understanding Northern demographic conditions. This research was based at Laurentian University in Sudbury and is a background study in the Northern Democracy Initiative."--