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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910829934703321 |
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Autore |
Britton Laurence G. <1951-> |
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Titolo |
Avoiding static ignition hazards in chemical operations [[electronic resource] /] / Laurence G. Britton |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1999 |
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ISBN |
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1-282-78331-9 |
9786612783319 |
0-470-93540-5 |
1-59124-591-5 |
0-470-93539-1 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (304 p.) |
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Collana |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Electrostatics |
Chemical plants - Safety measures |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Avoiding Static Ignition Hazards in Chemical Operations: A CCPS Concept Book; CONTENTS; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1 INTRODUCTION; 1-1. Purpose; 1-2. Exclusions; 1-3. Units; 1-4. Organization of the Book; 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF STATIC ELECTRICITY; 2-1. What Is Static Electricity?; 2-1.1. Charge Separation; 2-1.2. Magnitude of Current and Potential; 2-1.3. Concentration of Charged Species; 2-1.4. Importance of Trace Contaminants; 2-1.5. Hazard Evaluation; 2-1.6. Statistics; 2-2. Charge Generation; 2-2.1. Induction Charging; 2-2.2. Ionic Charging; 2-3. Charge Dissipation |
2-3.1. Variability of Conductivity2-4. Charge Accumulation; 2-5. Ignition; 2-5.1. Effective Energy; 2-6. Static Discharges; 2-6.1. Corona Discharge; 2-6.2. Brush Discharge; 2-6.3. Bulking Brush Discharge; 2-6.4. Spark Discharge; 2-6.5. Propagating Brush Discharge (PBD); 2-6.6. Surface Streamer; 2-7. Personnel Spark and Shock Hazards; 2-7.1. Body Capacitance and Resistance; 2-7.2. Voltage (V) and Energy (W) Attained; 2-7.3. Human Shock Response; 3 EVALUATING THE HAZARD |
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OF STATIC ELECTRICITY; 3-1. General; 3-2. Hazard Identification Methods; 3-2.1. Decision Trees; 3-3. Charge Accumulation |
3-3.1. Conductive Objects3-3.2. Nonconductive Objects; 3-4. Energy Estimates; 3-4.1. Charge Sharing; 3-5. Instrumentation; 3-5.1. Charge; 3-5.2. Electric Field; 3-5.3. Potential; 3-5.4. Ignition Energy; 3-5.5. Conductivity of Liquids; 3-5.6. Resistivity of Solids; 3-5.7. Resistance; 3-6. Direct Observation of Discharges; 3-7. Radio Frequency Detection of Discharges; 3-8. Measuring the Effective Energy of Nonspark Discharges; 3-8.1. Gas Composition; 4 CONTROLLING ELECTROSTATIC HAZARDS; 4-1. Bonding and Grounding; 4-1.1. Definitions; 4-1.2. Purpose of Bonding and Grounding |
4-1.3. Resistance to Ground4-1.4. Bonding and Grounding Systems; 4-1.5. Ground Rods; 4-1.6. Grounding and Cathodic Protection; 4-2. Control of Charge Relaxation; 4-2.1. Increase of Conductivity; 4-2.2. Charge Neutralizers; 4-3. Control of Personnel Charging; 4-3.1. Personnel Grounding; 4-3.2. Clothing; 4-3.3. Gloves; 4-4. Control of Flammable Atmospheres; 4-4.1. Liquid Nitrogen/Liquid Air Hazards; 5 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, VAPORS, AND GASES; 5-1. Ignition Hazards of Liquid Vapor and Mist; 5-1.1. Flammable Liquid; 5-1.2. Flammable Limits; 5-1.3. Liquid Mist; 5-1.4. Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE) |
5-1.5. Explosion Prevention Systems5-2. Generation and Relaxation (Loss) of Charge in Liquid Systems; 5-2.1. Charge Generation; 5-2.2. Charge Density; 5-2.3. Factors Influencing Charge Generation; 5-2.4. Charge Relaxation; 5-2.5. Classification of Liquids based on Conductivity; 5-2.6. Antistatic Additives; 5-2.7. Bonding and Grounding; 5-3. Flow in Pipe, Hose, and Tubing; 5-3.1. Metallic Piping Systems; 5-3.2. Nonconductive Pipe and Linings; 5-3.3. Flexible Hoses; 5-3.4. Dip Pipes; 5-3.5. Filters and Relaxation Tanks; 5-3.6. Suspended Material; 5-3.7. Valves and Other Line Restrictions |
5-4. Filling Criteria for Tank Operations |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Written by Laurence Britton, who has over 20 years' experience in the fields of static ignition and process fire and explosion hazards research, this resource addresses an area not extensively covered in process safety standards or literature: understanding and reducing potential hazards associated with static electricity. The book covers the nature of static electricity, characteristics and effective energies of different static resources, techniques for evaluating static electricity hazards, general bonding, grounding, and other techniques used to control static or prevent ignition, gases an |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910878994503321 |
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Autore |
Xiao Jianxi |
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Titolo |
Collagen Mimetic Peptides and Their Biophysical Characterization / / by Jianxi Xiao |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Singapore : , : Springer Nature Singapore : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2024 |
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ISBN |
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9789811019418 |
9789811019401 |
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Edizione |
[1st ed. 2024.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (237 pages) |
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Collana |
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Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering, , 2195-0652 ; ; 20 |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Spectrum analysis |
Biophysics |
Biomaterials |
Regenerative medicine |
Bioorganic chemistry |
Materials - Analysis |
Spectroscopy |
Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering |
Bioorganic Chemistry |
Characterization and Analytical Technique |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Introduction to collagen -- Structure of collagen triple helix -- Bioinformatics-aided Design of collagen mimic peptides -- Synthesis of collagen peptides -- CD characterization of triple helix stability -- Structural insights from X-ray crystallography -- Conformational and dynamic characterization by NMR spectroscopy -- Fluorescence detection of collagen biomarkers -- Synthesis and characterization of heterotrimeric models of collagen -- Self-assembly of collagen mimic peptides -- Concluding remarks. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This book embarks on an enlightening journey through the molecular landscape of collagen mimic peptides, shedding light on their significance and potential. In the intricate realm of biomolecules, |
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collagen's preeminence as the most abundant protein in the human body, forming the foundational scaffolding of tissues and organs, renders it a subject of profound scientific interest. It explores diverse facets related to collagen mimic peptides, spanning aspects such as bioinformatic analysis, synthetic strategies, pathological collagen targeting, and the construction of homotrimeric, heterotrimeric and self-assembled peptide models. Furthermore, it provides an exhaustive investigation into biophysical techniques, encompassing Circular Dichroism (CD), X-ray crystallography, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy, thereby empowering researchers to unravel the structural intricacies of these peptides. The book unravels the profound implications of collagen mimic peptides across a spectrum of scientific domains, including protein science, biomaterials, bioanalysis, and beyond. Its accessibility and insights cater not only to seasoned researchers but also to undergraduate and graduate students eager to delve into the complexities of this fundamental protein. |
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