2 Ecological Functions of Terpenoids in Plants -- 2.1 Ecological Functions of Monoterpenoids in Plants -- 2.2 Ecological Functions of Sesquiterpenoids in Plants -- 2.3 Ecological Functions of Diterpenoids in Plants -- 2.4 Ecological Functions of Sesterterpenoids in Plants -- 2.5 Ecological Functions of Triterpenoids in Plants -- 2.6 Ecological Functions of Steroids in Plants -- 3 Ecological Functions of Phenolic Compounds in Plants -- 3.1 Ecological Functions of Quinones in Plants -- 3.2 Ecological Functions of Coumarins in Plants -- 3.3 Ecological Functions of Phenylpropanoids in Plants -- 3.4 Ecological Functions of Flavonoids in Plants -- 3.5 Ecological Functions of Other Phenolic Compounds in Plants -- 4 Ecological Functions of Alkaloids in Plants -- 4.1 Ecological Functions of Terpenoid Alkaloids in Plants -- 4.2 Ecological Functions of Piperidine Alkaloids in Plants -- 4.3 Ecological Functions of Quinoline, Isoquinoline, and Quinazoline Alkaloids in Plants -- 4.4 Ecological Functions of Pyrrole Alkaloids in Plants -- 4.5 Ecological Functions of Steroidal Alkaloids in Plants -- 5 Research Progress on the Ecological Functions of Other Types of Compounds in Plants -- 5.1 Ecological Functions of Simple Alcohols, Aldehydes, Ketones, and Esters in Plants -- 5.2 Ecological Functions of Sulfur-Containing and Cyanide-Containing Compounds in Plants -- 5.3 Ecological Functions of Acyl Carbohydrates in Plants -- 5.4 Ecological Functions of Long-Chain Fatty Acids and Other Types of Compounds in Plants -- 6 Future Prospects -- References -- Chemical Constituents Isolated from the Lichen Biome of Selected Species Native to North America -- 1 Introduction: The Lichen Biome -- 1.1 What is a Lichen? -- 1.2 Lichenicolous Fungi -- 1.3 Endolichenic Fungi -- 1.4 Endolichenic Bacteria -- 1.5 Lichen Photobionts: Algae (Phycobionts) and Cyanobacteria (Cyanobionts). |