Theory of tokamak transport : new aspects for nuclear fusion reactor design / / Leslie C. Woods

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910876553003321
• Autore: Woods L. C (Leslie Colin), <1922-2007.>
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Weinheim, : Wiley-VCH, c2006
• ISBN: 1-280-85432-4; 9786610854325; 3-527-60797-8; 3-527-60726-9
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (242 p.)
• Disciplina: 538.7
• Soggetti: Tokamaks; Transport theory
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Theory of Tokamak Transport; Contents; Preface; Lists of physical constants, plasma parameters and frequently used symbols; 1 The quest for fusion power; 1.1 Tokamak machines; 1.1.1 Topology and ignition; 1.1.2 Some early tokamaks; 1.1.3 Toroidal current; 1.2 Basic tokamak variables; 1.2.1 Aspect ratio; 1.2.2 Beta; 1.2.3 Safety factor; 1.2.4 Z-effective; 1.3 Global confinement times; 1.3.1 Energy confinement time; 1.3.2 Electron-energy confinement time; 1.3.3 Particle confinement time; 1.3.4 Momentum confinement time; 1.4 Heating; 1.4.1 Ohmic heating; 1.4.2 Neutral beam heating; 1.4.3 Radio-frequency heating1.5 Electron energy confinement time; 1.5.1 Ohmically-heated tokamaks; 1.5.2 Auxiliary heated plasmas; 1.5.3 Profile shapes and energy losses; 1.5.4 Disruptive instabilities; References; 2 Tokamak magnetic fields; 2.1 Axisymmetric toroidal equilibrium; 2.1.1 Grad-Shafranov equation; 2.1.2 First integral constraint; 2.1.3 Second integral constraint; 2.1.4 Diffusion velocity; 2.2 Equilibrium in a circular torus; 2.2.1 Shafranov geometry; 2.2.2 Solution of the Grad-Shafranov equation; 2.2.3 Magnetic fields and electric currents; 2.3 Particle trapping in magnetic fields2.3.1 Magnetic bottles; 2.3.2 ; Fraction of trapped particles; 2.4 Trapping in tokamak magnetic fields; 2.4.1 Tokamak mirrors; 2.4.2 Trapped particles; 2.4.3 Bounce time in a tokamak field; 2.4.4 Trapped particle resistivity; 2.5 Diffusivity of trapped particles; 2.5.1 Energy sinks at magnetic mirrors; 2.5.2 Physics of diffusivity; 2.5.3 Parallel diffusivity due to trapped particles; 2.5.4 Thermal pumping; References; 3 Energy transport in Tokamaks; 3.1 Banana orbits; 3.1.1 Drifts due to variations in the magnetic field; 3.1.2 Gyro-averages; 3.1.3 Banana width3.1.4 Neoclassical diffusivity; 3.2 Thermal conductivity; 3.2.1 Neutral gas; 3.2.2 Magnetoplasma; 3.2.3 Fluid shear and transport; 3.2.4 Heat flux, second-order in Knudsen number; 3.3 Classical treatment of particle transport; 3.3.1 Equilibrium currents; 3.3.2 Pfirsch-Schlüter current; 3.3.3 Mass diffusivity; 3.4 Neoclassical theory and its validity; 3.4.1 Banana and plateau regimes; 3.4.2 Testing neoclassical theory; 3.4.3 Bootstrap current; 3.5 Second-order transport; 3.5.1 Electron thermal diffusivity; 3.5.2 Cylindrical coordinates; 3.5.3 Physical mechanism for heat flux; 3.5.4 Role of turbulence3.5.5 Knudsen number constraint; References; 4 Energy losses from tokamaks; 4.1 Low poloidal beta; 4.1.1 Empirical profiles; 4.1.2 Radial distribution of thermal diffusivity; 4.1.3 Electron energy confinement time; 4.1.4 Comparison of theory with observation; 4.2 High poloidal beta; 4.2.1 Oscillatory temperature profiles; 4.2.2 Thermal diffusivity; 4.2.3 Electron energy confinement time; 4.3 The L- and H-modes; 4.3.1 Role of boundary conditions; 4.3.2 Energy confinement in the L- and H-modes; 4.4 Thermal transport in the ion fluid; 4.4.1 Thermal diffusivity; 4.4.2 Ambipolar constraint
• Sommario/riassunto: In this new approach for a consistent transport theory in nuclear fusion processes Leslie Woods draws on over 40 years of fusion research to directly compare theoretical findings with experimental results, while taking into account recently discovered phenomena. This is thus the first book to find theoretical explanations to the sometimes-puzzling tokamak observations.Following a look at the quest for fusion power, the author goes on to examine tokamak magnetic fields and energy losses, as well as plasma flow and loop voltage. There is also a discussion of the technical constraints on the