Nuclear Physics 2 : Radiochronometers and Radiopharmaceuticals

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910863273003321
• Autore: Sakho Ibrahima
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Newark : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , 2024; ©2024
• ISBN: 1-394-29903-6; 1-394-29901-X
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (248 pages)
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di contenuto: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 A Description of the Big Bang Model -- 1.1. Red-shift phenomenon in the spectrum of stars and galaxies -- 1.1.1 Doppler effect -- 1.1.2 Doppler-Fizeau effect -- 1.1.3 Doppler shift expression -- 1.2. Theoretical and experimental facts leading to the validation of the Big Bang model -- 1.2.1 From redshift observation to the "primitive atom" hypothesis -- 1.2.2 From Hubble observations to the discovery of the cosmic microwave background -- 1.3. Brief description of the chronology of the universe's evolution after the Big Bang -- 1.3.1 From singularity to the era of inflation -- 1.3.2 From baryogenesis to primordial nucleosynthesis -- 1.3.3 From the dark age of the universe to the radiative era -- 1.3.4 Star formation -- Chapter 2 The Nucleosynthesis Process -- 2.1. Nucleosynthesis -- 2.1.1 Notion of chemical elements -- 2.1.2 Definition, different nucleosynthesis processes -- 2.1.3 Primordial nucleosynthesis -- 2.1.4 Stellar nucleosynthesis -- 2.1.5 Explosive nucleosynthesis -- 2.2. Other important nucleus-forming processes, radionuclides in the environment -- 2.2.1 Triple-alpha reaction, Hoyle state -- 2.2.2 Formation process of compound nuclei, resonance states -- 2.2.3 CNO (Carbon-Nitrogen-Oxygen) cycle -- 2.2.4 Bethe-Weizsäcker cycle -- 2.2.5 Natural and artificial radionuclides in the environment -- Chapter 3 Radiochronometer Applications in Dating -- 3.1. Carbon-14 dating ; -- 3.1.1 A brief history of radiocarbon-14 dating -- 3.1.2 Cosmogenic isotopes: the case of carbon-14 -- 3.1.3 Radiocarbon-14 in the biosphere -- 3.1.4 Principle of 14C dating -- 3.1.5 Age correction, radiocarbon age and calendar age -- 3.1.6 Calibrating radiocarbon ages: reasons for calibration? How to calibrate? -- 3.2. Potassium-argon (K-Ar) dating -- 3.2.1 Principle of dating.; 3.2.2 Basic assumptions for the K-Ar radiochronometer -- 3.2.3 Age equation -- 3.2.4 Atmospheric correction -- 3.2.5 Preparing samples for K-Ar dating -- 3.2.6 Experimental protocols for potassium and argon measurements -- 3.2.7 Overestimation of K-Ar ages -- 3.2.8 Description of the 40Ar/39Ar dating method -- 3.3. Lake dating using 210Pb, 137Cs and 7Be radiochronometers -- 3.3.1 Core drilling system -- 3.3.2 Lead-210 dating: CFCS, CRS and CIC models -- 3.3.3 Nuclear tests, Chernobyl accident -- 3.3.4 Cesium-137 dating -- 3.3.5 7Be dating -- 3.4. Uranium-thorium or uranium-lead dating -- 3.4.1 Method principle -- 3.5. Coral dating -- 3.5.1 Uranium-238 decay chain -- 3.5.2 Sampling, mechanical sample preparation -- 3.5.3 Chemical preparation of samples, X-ray diffraction analysis -- 3.5.4 Coral dating using the 238U/230Th and 235U/231Pa methods -- 3.5.5 Coral dating using the 233U/230Th method -- 3.5.6 Dating corals and speleothems using 234U/238U and 230Th/238U methods -- 3.6. File on dating archaeological objects -- 3.6.1 General points -- 3.6.2 Choice of dating method(s) -- 3.6.3 Authentication issues -- 3.6.4 Checking the validity of a date inscribed on the work -- 3.6.5 Tracing the history of a manuscript -- Chapter 4 General Information on Radiopharmaceuticals Used in Nuclear Medicine Imaging -- 4.1. Nuclear medicine -- 4.1.1 Definition, objectives -- 4.1.2 The birth of nuclear medicine -- 4.1.3 Diseases diagnosed in nuclear medicine -- 4.2. Cancer -- 4.2.1 Cell organization in the organism -- 4.2.2 Evolution of cancer cells, tumor -- 4.2.3 Carcinogenesis, metastasis -- 4.2.4 Angiogenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) -- 4.2.5 Tumor angiogenesis -- 4.2.6 Global cancer epidemiology data -- 4.2.7 Cancer control in Senegal -- 4.2.8 Recommendations from cancer organizations -- 4.3. General information on radiopharmaceuticals.; 4.3.1 Notion of radiopharmaceuticals, specific properties -- 4.3.2 Quality control of radiopharmaceuticals -- 4.3.3 Radiochemical purity, experimental determination methods -- 4.3.4 Thin-layer chromatography applied to the determination of radiochemical purity -- 4.3.5 Determination of radionuclidic purity -- 4.4. Nuclear medicine imaging techniques: PET and SPECT -- 4.4.1 Radioisotopes used in nuclear medicine imaging -- 4.4.2 Principle of positron emission tomography (PET) -- 4.4.3 PET scan -- 4.4.4 PET scan procedure -- 4.4.5 PET/CT examination -- 4.4.6 Principle of single-photon emission computed tomography -- 4.4.7 Main scintigraphies and their uses -- 4.5. Appendices on dementia diseases -- 4.5.1 Appendix 1. Alzheimer's disease -- 4.5.2 Appendix 2. Lewy body dementia -- 4.5.3 Appendix 3. Parkinson's disease -- References -- Index -- Other titles from ISTE in Waves -- EULA.