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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910484641903321 |
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Autore |
Stoett Peter J (Peter John), <1965-> |
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Titolo |
Spheres of transnational ecoviolence : environmental crime, human security, and justice / / Peter J. Stoett, Delon Alain Omrow |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Cham, Switzerland : , : Palgrave Macmillan, , [2021] |
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©2021 |
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ISBN |
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Edizione |
[1st ed. 2021.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (XV, 302 p. 3 illus.) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Transnational crime |
Offenses against the environment |
Environmental justice |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Transnational Ecoviolence and Crime: Revisiting Environmental Justice and Human Security -- Ecoviolence Against Fauna: The Illegal Wildlife Trade -- The Transnationalization of Hazardous Waste -- Transnational Oceanic Ecoviolence -- Floral Transnational Ecoviolence -- From Petty Fraud to Global Injustice: Climate Ecoviolence -- Responses to Transnational Ecoviolence and Crime. . |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This book explores violence against the environment within the broad scope of transnational environmental crime (TEC): its extent, perpetrators, and responses. TEC has become one of the greatest threats to environmental and human security today, as well as a lucrative enterprise and a mode of life in many regions of the world. Transnational Spheres of Ecoviolence argues that we cannot seriously consider stopping TEC without also promoting environmental (and climate) justice. The spheres covered range from wildlife and plant crime to illegal fisheries to toxic waste and climate crime. These acts of violence against the environment are both localized in terms of event and impact, and globalized in terms of market drivers and internationalized responses. Because it is so often intimately linked to political violence, coerced labor, economic and physical displacement, and development opportunity costs, ecoviolence must be viewed |
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primarily as a human security issue; the fight against it must derive legitimacy from impacts on local communities, and be twinned wth the protection of environmental activists. Reliance on the generosity of distant corporations or the effectiveness of legal structures will not be adequate; and militarized responses may do more harm to human security than good to nature. A transformative approach to transnational ecoviolence is a very complex task affected by the geopolitics of neoliberalism, authoritarian states, rebel factions and extremists, socio-economic patterns, and many other factors. In this challenging text, the authors capture this complexity in digestible form and offer a wide-ranging discussion of commensurate policy recommendations for governments and the general public. Peter Stoett is Dean of the Faculty of Social Science and Humanities at Ontario Tech University, Canada. Delon Alain Omrow is Lecturer in the Faculty of Social Science and Humanities at Ontario Tech University, Canada. . |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910831075703321 |
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Autore |
Rauk Arvi <1942-> |
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Titolo |
Orbital interaction theory of organic chemistry [[electronic resource] /] / by Arvi Rauk |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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New York, : Wiley-Interscience, 2001 |
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ISBN |
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1-280-26470-5 |
9786610264704 |
0-470-35106-3 |
0-471-46184-9 |
0-471-22041-8 |
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Edizione |
[2nd ed.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (360 p.) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Molecular orbitals |
Physical organic chemistry |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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"A Wiley-Interscience publication." |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 313-324) and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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CONTENTS; PREFACE; 1 SYMMETRY AND STEREOCHEMISTRY; Purpose; Definition of a Group; Molecular Point Groups; Schoenflies Notation; Interrelations of Symmetry Elements; Type Classification; Isomerism and Measurements; Stereoisomerism of Molecules; Stereotopic Relationships of Groups in Molecules; Asymmetric Synthesis and Stereochemistry; NMR and Stereochemistry; Symmetry and Structural Parameters; Note on Hybridization; Symmetry and Orbitals; Atomic Orbitals; Molecular and Group Orbitals; In What Combination?; 2 MOLECULAR ORBITAL THEORY; Introduction; Electronic Schrödinger Equation (A.1) |
Fock Equations (A.42)The Basis Set (STO-3G, 6-31G*, and All That); Orbital Energies and Orbitals; Representation of MOs; Total Energies and the Hartree-Fock Limit; Successes and Failures of Hartree-Fock Theory; Beyond Hartree-Fock; Density Functional Theory; Geometry Optimization; Normal Coordinates and Harmonic Frequency Analysis; Zero Point Vibrational Energies; 3 ORBITAL INTERACTION THEORY; Relationship to Hartree-Fock Equations; Hückel Approximation; Orbital Energies and Total Electronic Energy; Case Study of a Two-Orbital Interaction; Case 1: ε[sub(A)] = ε[sub(B)], S[sub(AB)] = 0 |
Case 2: ε[sub(A)] = ε[sub(B)], [sub(AB)] > 0, [sub(AB)] « 1Case 3: ε[sub(A)] > ε[sub(B)], S[sub(AB)] = 0; Case 4: ε[sub(A)] > ε[sub(B)], S[sup(AB)] > 0; Effect of Overlap; Energetic Effect of Overlap; Orbital Effect of Overlap; First Look at Bonding; Relationship to Perturbation Theory; Generalizations for Intermolecular Interactions; Energy and Charge Distribution Changes from Orbital Interaction; Four-Electron, Two-Orbital Interaction; Three-Electron, Two-Orbital Interaction; Two-Electron, Two-Orbital Interaction; One-Electron, Two-Orbital Interaction; Zero-Electron, Two-Orbital Interaction |
Interactions between Molecules: Many Electrons, Many OrbitalsGeneral Principles Governing the Magnitude of h[sub(AB)] and S[sub(AB)]; Interactions of MOs; Electrostatic Effects; Group Orbitals; Zero-Coordinated Atoms; Monocoordinated Atoms; Dicoordinated Atoms; Tricoordinated Atoms; Tetracoordinated Atoms; Assumptions for Application of Qualitative MO Theory; Example: Carbonyl Group; Construction of Interaction Diagram; Interpretation of Interaction Diagram; Chemical Reactivity; Why Does It Work and When Might it Not?; 4 SIGMA BONDS AND ORBITAL INTERACTION THEORY |
C-X σ Bonds: X = C, N, O, F and X = F, Cl, Br, Iσ Bonds: Homolytic versus Heterolytic Cleavage; Heterolytic Cleavage of σ Bonds Involving C or H; Homolytic Cleavage of σ Bonds Involving C or H; Homonuclear σ Bonds C-C, N-N, O-O, F-F, Cl-Cl, Br-Br, and I-I; Interactions of σ Bonds; σ Bonds as Electron Donors or Acceptors; σ Bonds as Electron Acceptors; As a σ Acceptor; As a π Acceptor; σ Bonds as Electron Donors; As a σ Donor; As a π Donor; Bonding in Cyclopropane; 5 SIMPLE HÜCKEL MOLECULAR ORBITAL THEORY; Simple Hückel Assumptions |
Charge and Bond Order in SHMO Theory: (S[sub(AB)] = 0, One Orbital per Atom) |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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A practical introduction to orbital interaction theory and its applications in modern organic chemistry Orbital interaction theory is a conceptual construct that lies at the very heart of modern organic chemistry. Comprising a comprehensive set of principles for explaining chemical reactivity, orbital interaction theory originates in a rigorous theory of electronic structure that also provides the basis for the powerful computational models and techniques with which chemists seek to describe and exploit the structures and thermodynamic and kinetic stabilities of molecules. Orbital Interaction |
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