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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910555157803321 |
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Autore |
Araneo Rodolfo |
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Titolo |
Electrical safety engineering of renewable energy systems / / Rodolfo Araneo, Massimo Mitolo |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Hoboken, New Jersey : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , [2022] |
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©2022 |
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ISBN |
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1-119-62501-7 |
1-119-62505-X |
1-119-62499-1 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (302 pages) |
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Collana |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Electric apparatus and appliances - Safety measures |
Renewable energy sources - Safety measures |
Electronic books. |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Intro -- Electrical Safety Engineering of Renewable Energy Systems -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Fundamental Concepts of Electrical Safety Engineering -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Electric Shock -- 1.2.1 Ventricular Fibrillation -- 1.2.2 The Heart-current Factor -- 1.3 The Electrical Impedance of the Human Body -- 1.3.1 The Internal Resistance of the Human Body -- 1.4 Thermal Shock -- 1.5 Heated Surfaces of Electrical Equipment and Contact Burn Injuries -- 1.6 Ground-Potential and Ground-Resistance -- 1.6.1 Area of Influence of a Ground-electrode -- 1.7 Hemispherical Electrodes in Parallel -- 1.8 Hemispherical Electrodes in Series -- 1.9 Person's Body Resistance-to-ground and Touch Voltages -- 1.10 Identification of Extraneous-Conductive-Parts -- 1.11 Measuring Touch Voltages -- 2 Safety-by-Design Approach in AC/DC Systems -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Class I PV Equipment -- 2.3 Class II PV Equipment -- 2.4 Ground Faults and Ground Fault Protection -- 2.5 Functionally Grounded PV Systems -- 2.6 Non-Ground-Referenced PV Systems -- 2.7 Ground-Referenced PV Systems -- 2.8 Fire Hazard in Ground-Referenced PV Systems -- 2.9 Faults at Loads Downstream the PV Inverter in Ground-referenced PV |
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Systems -- 2.10 Non-Electrically Separated PV System -- 2.11 PV Systems Wiring Methods and Safety -- 2.12 d.c. Currents and Safety -- 2.13 Electrical Safety of PV Systems -- 2.14 Rapid-Shutdown of PV Arrays on Buildings -- 2.15 Hazard and Risk -- 3 Grounding and Bonding -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Basic Concepts of Grounding Systems: The Ground Rod -- 3.3 The Maxwell Method -- 3.4 Multiple Rods: Mutual Resistance -- 3.5 Ground Rings and Ground Grid -- 3.6 Complex Arrangements: Rings and Ground Grids Combined with Rods and Horizontal Electrodes -- 4 Lightning Protection Systems -- 4.1 Review of Natural Lightning Physics, Modeling and Protection. |
4.2 Lightning Protection of PV Systems -- 4.2.1 Ground-Mounted PV Systems -- 4.2.2 Rooftop Mounted PV Systems -- 4.2.3 Protection against Overvoltage -- 4.2.4 Surge Protective Devices (SPDs) -- 4.3 Lighting Protection of Wind Turbines -- 4.3.1 Lightning Protection System (LPS) -- 4.3.2 Step and Touch Voltages -- 4.3.3 Lightning Exposure Assessment -- 4.3.4 Assessment of the Average Annual Number of Dangerous Events NL Due to Flashes Directly to and near Service Cables -- 4.3.5 Lightning Protection Zones -- 4.4 High-Frequency Grounding Systems -- 4.4.1 Arrangement of Ground Electrodes -- 4.4.2 Effective Length of a Ground Electrode -- 4.4.3 Frequency-dependent Soil and Ionization -- 5 Renewable Energy System Protection and Coordination -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Power Collection Systems -- 5.3 Cable Connections -- 5.4 Offshore Wind Farm -- 5.5 Distributed Energy Resources: Battery Energy Storage Systems and Electric Vehicles -- 6 Soil Resistivity Measurements and Ground Resistance -- 6.1 Soil Resistivity Measurements -- 6.2 Wenner Method -- 6.3 Schlumberger Method -- 6.4 Multi-layer Soils -- 6.4.1 Ground Grid in Multi-layer Soil -- 6.4.2 Ground Rod in Multi-layer Soil -- 6.5 Fall-of-Potential Method for Ground Resistance Measurement -- 6.6 Slope Method for Grounding Resistance Measurement -- 6.7 Star-delta Method for Grounding Resistance Measurement -- 6.8 Four Potential Method for Grounding Resistance Measurement -- 6.9 Potentiometer Method for Grounding Resistance Measurement -- Appendix 1: Performance of Grounding Systems in Transient Conditions -- 1 Grounding System Analysis -- 2 Mathematical Model -- 3 Computation of Impedances -- 4 Green's Function -- 4.1 Static Formulation -- 4.1.1 One-Layer Ground -- 4.1.2 Two-Layer Ground -- 4.2 Dynamic Formulation -- 4.2.1 Equivalent Transmission Line Approach -- 5 Numerical Integration Aspects. |
5.1 Singular Term -- 5.2 Sommerfeld Integrals -- Appendix 2: Cable Failures in Renewable Energy Systems -- 1 Cable Failures in Renewable Energy Systems: Introduction -- 2 Possible Solutions -- 2.1 Optimal Solutions -- 2.2 Termite Attacks Prevention -- 3 Non-destructive Methods for Cable Testing and Fault-locating -- 3.1 Insulation Resistance (IR) Test -- 3.1.1 IR Measurement of the Cable Insulation (XLPE) -- 3.1.2 IR Measurement of the Polyethylene (PE) Cable Jacket -- 3.2 High-Potential Test -- 3.3 LCR Test -- 3.3.1 Insulation Resistance (IR) -- 3.3.2 Dielectric Absorption Ratio (DAR) -- 3.3.3 Polarization Index (PI) -- 3.3.4 Quality Factor (Q) -- 3.3.5 Dissipation Factor (DF) -- 3.3.6 Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Test -- 3.3.7 Arc Reflection (ARC) Test -- 3.3.8 Bridge Methods -- 3.4 Cable Fault Analysis -- 3.4.1 Prelocation -- 3.4.2 Pinpointing -- 4 Sheath and Jacket Repairs -- 5 Termite Baiting Stations and Monitoring -- 6 Termite-proof Cables -- Index -- EULA. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910830938803321 |
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Titolo |
Advances in telephone survey methodology [[electronic resource] /] / James M. Lepkowski ... [et al.] |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Hoboken, NJ, : John Wiley & Sons, c2008 |
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ISBN |
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1-281-22147-3 |
9786611221478 |
0-470-17340-8 |
0-470-17339-4 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (700 p.) |
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Collana |
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Wiley series in survey methodology |
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Altri autori (Persone) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Surveys - Methodology - Technological innovations |
Telephone surveys - Methodology - Technological innovations |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 619-677) and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Advances in Telephone Survey Methodology; Contents; Contributors; PART I PERSPECTIVES ON TELEPHONE SURVEY METHODOLOGY; 1 Telephone Survey Methods: Adapting to Change; PART II SAMPLING AND ESTIMATION; 2 Sampling and Weighting in Household Telephone Surveys; 3 Recent Trends in Household Telephone Coverage in the United States; 4 The Influence of Mobile Telephones on Telephone Surveys; 5 Methods for Sampling Rare Populations in Telephone Surveys; 6 Multiplicity-Based Sampling for the Mobile Telephone Population: Coverage, Nonresponse, and Measurement Issues |
7 Multiple Mode and Frame Telephone Surveys8 Weighting Telephone Samples Using Propensity Scores; PART III DATA COLLECTION; 9 Interviewer Error and Interviewer Burden; 10 Cues of Communication Difficulty in Telephone Interviews; 11 Oral Translation in Telephone Surveys; 12 The Effects of Mode and Format on Answers to Scalar Questions in Telephone and Web Surveys; 13 Visual Elements of Questionnaire Design: Experiments with a CATI Establishment Survey; 14 Mode Effects in the Canadian Community Health Survey: A Comparison of CATI and CAPI; PART IV OPERATIONS |
15 Establishing a New Survey Research Call Center16 CATI Sample |
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Management Systems; 17 Measuring and Improving Telephone Interviewer Performance and Productivity; 18 Telephone Interviewer Voice Characteristics and the Survey Participation Decision; 19 Monitoring Telephone Interviewer Performance; 20 Accommodating New Technologies: Mobile and VoIP Communication; PART V NONRESPONSE; 21 Privacy, Confidentiality, and Respondent Burden as Factors in Telephone Survey Nonresponse; 22 The Use of Monetary Incentives to Reduce Nonresponse in Random Digit Dial Telephone Surveys |
23 The Causes and Consequences of Response Rates in Surveys by the News Media and Government Contractor Survey Research Firms24 Response Rates: How have they Changed and Where are they Headed?; 25 Aspects of Nonresponse Bias in RDD Telephone Surveys; 26 Evaluating and Modeling Early Cooperator Effects in RDD Surveys; References; INDEX |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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A complete and comprehensive collaboration providing insight on future approaches to telephone survey methodology Over the past fifteen years, advances in technology have transformed the field of survey methodology, from how interviews are conducted to the management and analysis of compiled data. Advances in Telephone Survey Methodology is an all-encompassing and authoritative resource that presents a theoretical, methodological, and statistical treatment of current practices while also establishing a discussion on how state-of-the-art developments in telecommunications have a |
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