1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910830820703321

Autore

Xu Rui

Titolo

Clustering / / Rui Xu, Donald C. Wunsch II

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Piscataway, New Jersey : , : IEEE Press, , c2009

[Piscataqay, New Jersey] : , : IEEE Xplore, , 2008

ISBN

1-281-93756-8

9786611937560

0-470-38277-5

0-470-38278-3

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (370 p.)

Collana

IEEE Press Series on Computational Intelligence ; ; 10

Classificazione

54.69

Disciplina

519.53

Soggetti

Cluster analysis

Multivariate analysis

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references (p. 293-330) and indexes.

Nota di contenuto

PREFACE -- 1. CLUSTER ANALYSIS -- 1.1. Classifi cation and Clustering -- 1.2. Defi nition of Clusters -- 1.3. Clustering Applications -- 1.4. Literature of Clustering Algorithms -- 1.5. Outline of the Book -- 2. PROXIMITY MEASURES -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Feature Types and Measurement Levels -- 2.3. Defi nition of Proximity Measures -- 2.4. Proximity Measures for Continuous Variables -- 2.5. Proximity Measures for Discrete Variables -- 2.6. Proximity Measures for Mixed Variables -- 2.7. Summary -- 3. HIERARCHICAL CLUSTERING. -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering -- 3.3. Divisive Hierarchical Clustering -- 3.4. Recent Advances -- 3.5. Applications -- 3.6. Summary -- 4. PARTITIONAL CLUSTERING -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Clustering Criteria -- 4.3. K-Means Algorithm -- 4.4. Mixture Density-Based Clustering -- 4.5. Graph Theory-Based Clustering -- 4.6. Fuzzy Clustering -- 4.7. Search Techniques-Based Clustering Algorithms -- 4.8. Applications -- 4.9. Summary -- 5. NEURAL NETWORK-BASED CLUSTERING -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Hard Competitive Learning Clustering -- 5.3. Soft Competitive Learning Clustering -- 5.4. Applications -- 5.5. Summary -- 6. KERNEL-BASED CLUSTERING -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Kernel Principal Component



Analysis -- 6.3. Squared-Error-Based Clustering with Kernel Functions -- 6.4. Support Vector Clustering -- 6.5. Applications -- 6.6. Summary -- 7. SEQUENTIAL DATA CLUSTERING -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Sequence Similarity -- 7.3. Indirect Sequence Clustering -- 7.4. Model-Based Sequence Clustering -- 7.5. Applications--Genomic and Biological Sequence -- 7.6. Summary -- 8. LARGE-SCALE DATA CLUSTERING -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Random Sampling Methods -- 8.3. Condensation-Based Methods -- 8.4. Density-Based Methods -- 8.5. Grid-Based Methods -- 8.6. Divide and Conquer -- 8.7. Incremental Clustering -- 8.8. Applications -- 8.9. Summary -- 9. DATA VISUALIZATION AND HIGH-DIMENSIONAL DATA CLUSTERING.

9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Linear Projection Algorithms -- 9.3. Nonlinear Projection Algorithms -- 9.4. Projected and Subspace Clustering -- 9.5. Applications -- 9.6. Summary -- 10. CLUSTER VALIDITY -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. External Criteria -- 10.3. Internal Criteria -- 10.4. Relative Criteria -- 10.5. Summary -- 11. CONCLUDING REMARKS -- PROBLEMS -- REFERENCES -- AUTHOR INDEX -- SUBJECT INDEX.

Sommario/riassunto

This is the first book to take a truly comprehensive look at clustering. It begins with an introduction to cluster analysis and goes on to explore: proximity measures; hierarchical clustering; partition clustering; neural network-based clustering; kernel-based clustering; sequential data clustering; large-scale data clustering; data visualization and high-dimensional data clustering; and cluster validation. The authors assume no previous background in clustering and their generous inclusion of examples and references help make the subject matter comprehensible for readers of varying levels and backgrounds.



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9911019298503321

Autore

Armitage Grenville

Titolo

Networking and online games : understanding and engineering multiplayer Internet games / / Grenville Armitage, Mark Claypool, Philip Branch

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Chichester, England ; ; Hoboken, NJ, : John Wiley & Sons, c2006

ISBN

9786610606085

9781280606083

1280606088

9780470030479

047003047X

9780470030462

0470030461

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (234 p.)

Classificazione

54.81

Altri autori (Persone)

ClaypoolMark

BranchPhilip

Disciplina

794.8/1526

Soggetti

Video games - Programming

TCP/IP (Computer network protocol)

Video games

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

Networking and Online Games; Contents; Author Biographies; Acknowledgements; 1 Introduction; 2 Early Online and Multiplayer Games; 2.1 Defining Networked and Multiplayer Games; 2.2 Early Multiplayer Games; 2.2.1 PLATO; 2.2.2 MultiUser Dungeons; 2.2.3 Arcade Games; 2.2.4 Hosted Online Games; 2.3 Multiplayer Network Games; 2.3.1 DOOM - Networked First-Person Shooters Arrive; References; 3 Recent Online and Multiplayer Games; 3.1 Communication Architectures; 3.2 The Evolution of Online Games; 3.2.1 FPS Games; 3.2.2 Massively Multiplayer Games; 3.2.3 RTS Games; 3.2.4 Sports Games

3.3 Summary of Growth of Online Games3.4 The Evolution of Online Game Platforms; 3.4.1 PCs; 3.4.2 Game Consoles; 3.4.3 Handheld Game Consoles; 3.4.4 Summary; 3.5 Context of Computer Games;



3.5.1 Physical Reality; 3.5.2 Telepresence; 3.5.3 Augmented Reality; 3.5.4 Distributed Virtual Environments; References; 4 Basic Internet Architecture; 4.1 IP Networks as seen from the Edge; 4.1.1 Endpoints and Addressing; 4.1.2 Layered Transport Services; 4.1.3 Unicast, Broadcast and Multicast; 4.2 Connectivity and Routing; 4.2.1 Hierarchy and Aggregation; 4.2.2 Routing Protocols

4.2.3 Per-hop Packet Transport4.3 Address Management; 4.3.1 Address Delegation and Assignment; 4.3.2 Network Address Translation; 4.3.3 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol; 4.3.4 Domain Name System; References; 5 Network Latency, Jitter and Loss; 5.1 The Relevance of Latency, Jitter and Loss; 5.2 Sources of Latency, Jitter and Loss in the Network; 5.2.1 Propagation Delay and the Laws of Physics; 5.2.2 Serialisation; 5.2.3 Queuing Delays; 5.2.4 Sources of Jitter in the Network; 5.2.5 Sources of Packet Loss in the Network; 5.3 Network Control of Lag, Jitter and Loss

5.3.1 Preferential IP Layer Queuing and Scheduling5.3.2 Link Layer Support for Packet Prioritisation; 5.3.3 Where to Place and Trust Traffic Classification; 5.4 Measuring Network Conditions; References; 6 Latency Compensation Techniques; 6.1 The Need for Latency Compensation; 6.2 Prediction; 6.2.1 Player Prediction; 6.2.2 Opponent Prediction; 6.2.3 Prediction Summary; 6.3 Time Manipulation; 6.3.1 Time Delay; 6.3.2 Time Warp; 6.3.3 Data compression; 6.4 Visual Tricks; 6.5 Latency Compensation and Cheating; References; 7 Playability versus Network Conditions and Cheats

7.1 Measuring Player Tolerance for Network Disruptions7.1.1 Empirical Research; 7.1.2 Sources of Error and Uncertainty; 7.1.3 Considerations for Creating Artificial Network Conditions; 7.2 Communication Models, Cheats and Cheat-Mitigation; 7.2.1 Classifying and Naming Methods of Cheating; 7.2.2 Server-side Cheats; 7.2.3 Client-side Cheats; 7.2.4 Network-layer Cheats; 7.2.5 Cheat-mitigation; References; 8 Broadband Access Networks; 8.1 What Broadband Access Networks are and why they Matter; 8.1.1 The Role of Broadband Access Networks; 8.1.2 Characteristics of Broadband Access Networks

8.2 Access Network Protocols and Standards

Sommario/riassunto

The computer game industry is clearly growing in the direction of multiplayer, online games. Understanding the demands of games on IP (Internet Protocol) networks is essential for ISP (Internet Service Provider) engineers to develop appropriate IP services. Correspondingly, knowledge of the underlying network's capabilities is vital for game developers. Networking and Online Games concisely draws together and illustrates the overlapping and interacting technical concerns of these sectors. The text explains the principles behind modern multiplayer communication systems and the techniqu