Iridium complexes in organic synthesis [[electronic resource] /] / edited by Luis A. Oro and Carmen Claver

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910830692603321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Weinheim, : Wiley-VCH, c2009
• ISBN: 1-282-02533-3; 9786612025334; 3-527-62307-8; 3-527-62308-6
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (xvii, 396 pages) : illustrations (some color)
• Altri autori (Persone): OroLuis A; ClaverCarmen
• Disciplina: 547.215
• Soggetti: Organic compounds - Synthesis; Iridium catalysts; Asymmetric synthesis
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Iridium Complexes in Organic Synthesis; Contents; Preface; List of Contributors; 1: Application of Iridium Catalysts in the Fine Chemicals Industry; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Industrial Requirements for Applying Catalysts; 1.2.1 Characteristics of the Manufacture of Enantiomerically Pure Products; 1.2.2 Process Development: Critical Factors for the Application of Catalysts; 1.2.3 Requirements for Practically Useful Catalysts; 1.2.3.1 Preparation Methods; 1.2.3.2 Catalysts Cost; 1.2.3.3 Availability of the Catalysts; 1.2.3.4 Catalytic Performance; 1.2.3.5 Separation; 1.3 Enantioselective Hydrogenation of C=N Bonds1.3.1 Catalysts and Scope; 1.3.2 Industrial Applications; 1.4 Enantioselective Hydrogenation of C=C Bonds; 1.4.1 Catalysts and Scope; 1.4.2 Industrial Applications; 1.5 Miscellaneous Catalytic Applications with Industrial Potential; 1.6 Conclusions and Outlook; References; 2: Dihydrido Iridium Triisopropylphosphine Complexes: From Organometallic Chemistry to Catalysis; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 [Ir(COD)(NCMe)(PR3)]BF4 (PR3 = PiPr3, PMe3) and Related Complexes as ; Catalyst Precursors: Is 1,5-Cyclo-Octadiene an Innocent and Removable Ligand?; 2.3 The Dihydrido Iridium Triisopropylphosphine Complex [IrH2(NCMe)3(PiPr3)]BF4 as Alkene Hydrogenation Catalysts2.4 The Dihydrido Iridium Triisopropylphosphine Complex [IrH2(NCMe)3(PiPr3)]BF4 as Alkyne Hydrogenation Catalysts; 2.5 Dihydrido Arene Iridium Triisopropylphosphine Complexes; 2.6 Dihydrido Iridium Triisopropylphosphine Complexes as Imine Hydrogenation Catalysts; 2.7 Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; 3: Iridium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes and Their Application as Homogeneous Catalysts; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Types of Ir-NHC and Reactivity; 3.2.1 Mono-NHC s and Intramolecular C-H Activation3.2.2 Chelating bis-NHC s; 3.2.3 Abnormal NHCs; 3.3 Catalysis with Ir-NHC s; 3.4 Conclusions; References; 4: Iridium-Catalyzed C=O Hydrogenation; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Homogeneous C=O Hydrogenations; 4.2.1 Chemoselective Hydrogenations; 4.2.2 Enantioselective Hydrogenations; 4.2.3 Transfer Hydrogenation (TH); 4.2.4 Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation (ATH); 4.3 Heterogeneous, Supported and Biocatalytic Hydrogenations; References; 5: Catalytic Activity of Cp* Iridium Complexes in Hydrogen Transfer Reactions; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Hydrogen Transfer Oxidation of Alcohols (Oppenauer-Type Oxidation)5.3 Transfer Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Compounds; 5.3.1 Transfer Hydrogenation of Quinolines; 5.3.2 Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones and Imines; 5.4 Asymmetric Synthesis Based on Hydrogen Transfer; 5.4.1 Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones; 5.4.2 Dynamic Kinetic Resolution; 5.5 Hydrogen Transfer Reactions in Aqueous Media; 5.6 Carbon-Nitrogen Bond Formation Based on Hydrogen Transfer; 5.6.1 N-Alkylation of Amines with Alcohols; 5.6.2 Cyclization of Amino Alcohols; 5.6.3 Cyclization of Primary Amines with Diols; 5.6.4 Amidation of Alcohols with Hydroxylamine
• Sommario/riassunto: Ranging from hydrogenation to hydroamination, cycloadditions and nanoparticles, this first handbook to comprehensively cover the topic of iridium in synthesis discusses the important advances in iridium-catalyzed reactions, namely the use of iridium complexes in enantioselective catalysis.A must for organic, complex and catalytic chemists, as well as those working with/on organometallics.

Biomarkers of Environmental Toxicants

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910557551003321
• Autore: Lu Kun
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Basel, Switzerland, : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2020
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (292 p.)
• Soggetti: Medicine and Nursing
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Sommario/riassunto: Biomarkers of environmental toxicants are measures of exposures, some of which can serve to assess disease risk and inter-individual susceptibilities. Metabolites, protein and DNA adducts also serve to elucidate the mechanisms of the bioactivation and detoxication of reactive toxicant intermediates. Some environmental chemicals act as modulators of gene and protein activity, and induce the dysbiosis of the microbiome, which impacts the metabolome and overall health. In this Special Issue on "Biomarkers of Environmental Toxicants", review articles and original research studies are featured, covering the latest bioanalytical, biochemical and mass spectrometry-based technologies, to monitor exposures through targeted and non-targeted methods, and mechanistic studies that examine the biological effects of environmental toxicants in cells and humans. Diverse topics, such as exposome, microbiome, DNA/protein adducts and t-RNA modifications, as well as important environment toxicants, including heavy metals, benzene, phthalates, aldehydes, glycidol, tobacco smoke and aristolochic acids, are covered. Novel analytical methods, such as protein adductomics, DNA adduct analysis in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues, site-specific mutagenesis assay and accelerator mass spectrometry, are also included. This collection provides a valuable update of the most recent biochemical and analytical tools that employ biomarkers in toxicology research, biomarker discovery, and exposure and risk assessment in population-based studies.