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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910828928503321 |
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Titolo |
The global HIV epidemics among people who inject drugs / / / Arin Dutta ... [and others] |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Washington, DC : , : World Bank, , [2013] |
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copyright 2013 |
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ISBN |
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1-283-90668-6 |
0-8213-9777-X |
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Descrizione fisica |
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Collana |
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Directions in development |
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Altri autori (Persone) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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HIV infections - Epidemiology |
Intravenous drug abuse |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Cover; Contents; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Executive Summary; Boxes; ES.1 Why We Focus on the Four Key Interventions; Tables; ES.1 Incremental Cost-effectiveness Ratios (ICER) of Policies Spanning 2012-15, US per Adult HIV Infection Averted; Chapter 1 Background; Introduction-A Situation Update; 1.1 Estimated Numbers of PWID and Regional Prevalence of HIV among PWID, 2010; 1.1 Estimated Numbers of PWID Globally: Sources of Data; Global Coverage of the Four Key Interventions among PWID; 1.2 Numbers Reached by Key Harm Reduction Interventions among PWID Globally: Sources of Data; Map |
1.1 Global Availability of MAT, 2010 Effects of the Four Key Interventions among PWID in the Context of the HIV Epidemic; Evidence for NSP, MAT, and HCT Reducing Risk Behaviors among PWID; Evidence for the Impact of NSP, MAT, ART, and HCT on HIV Incidence among PWID; 1.2 Summary of Evidence for NSP, MAT, and HCT in Reducing Risk Behaviors and HIV Incidence among PWID in LMIC; Organization of this Report; Chapter 2 Methodology; Country Case Studies; Introduction to the Modeling Methodology; 2.1 Target Coverage Levels, from the Technical Guide; Figures |
2.1 Hypothetical "Unmet Need"-Difference between Baseline and Expanded Scenarios (NSP)2.2 Recent Use of Goals for World Bank GHAP Analytical Projects; 2.3 Certain Behavioral Inputs Needed for Goals |
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Modeling Related to PWID; 2.4 PWID-Specific Unit Cost of Interventions per Year (Unless Specified); Modeling the Effect of Scaling Up the Four Key Harm Reduction Interventions; 2.5 Optimistic Impact Matrix of Three Key Harm Reduction Interventions for PWID; 2.6 Conservative Impact Matrix of Three Key Harm Reduction Interventions for PWID |
2.2 Pathways of Synergy and Dependence across the Four Key Harm Reduction Interventions Data; Chapter 3 Ukraine Case Study; Overview of the Epidemic; 3.1 Estimated Relative Contribution of Sexual and PWID-Based Transmission to Overall Non-Vertical HIV Incidence and Sources of Newly Registered HIV Cases, Including HIV-Exposed Infants (Mother-to-Child Transmission); Modeling Analysis; 3.2 Primary Drug for Individuals Presenting for Treatment of Drug Addiction for the First Time; 3.3 HIV-Positive Adults 15-49 Years Old in Ukraine From 1985-2011, as Modeled in Goals |
3.4 PWID Population Estimates in Ukraine from Goals Modeling (Adult PWID 15-49 Years Old) and UN Reference Group Range/Midpoint (All PWID 15-64 Years Old)3.1 Status Quo and Baseline Scenarios for Key Interventions among PWID in Ukraine; Results; 3.2 Expansion Scenario Coverage for the Four Key Interventions among PWID in Ukraine; 3.5 New HIV Infections among PWID in Ukraine-Comparison across Modeled Scenarios; 3.3 Averted HIV Infections Among Adults 15-49 Years Old in Ukraine, by Modeled Scenario; 3.4 Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratios, US per Averted Adult Infection, Ukraine; Discussion |
3.6 Overall ICER for Ukraine Scenarios 2012-15: Median, 95 Percent CI |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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People who inject drugs (PWID) are at higher risk for acquiring HIV infection than the general population in many countries. Injecting drug use is present in 148 countries including a wide array of low and middle income countries where HIV incidence is growing in recent years - even as it declines elsewhere. This study was undertaken as the third of a series of three economic analyses examining the global epidemics of HIV/AIDS in vulnerable populations. Informed by a critical review of epidemiological evidence and the most recent analyses of intervention efficacy, this work modeled the costs |
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