1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910480762403321

Autore

Appel Kenneth I. <1932-2013, >

Titolo

Every planar map is four colorable / / Kenneth Appel, and Wolfgang Haken

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Providence, Rhode Island : , : American Mathematical Society, , [1989]

©1989

ISBN

0-8218-7686-4

0-8218-5431-3

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (760 p.)

Collana

Contemporary mathematics, , 0271-4132 ; ; volume 98

Disciplina

511/.5

Soggetti

Four-color problem

Electronic books.

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references.

Nota di contenuto

""Contents""; ""Acknowledgments""; ""Introduction""; ""1. History""; ""2. C- and D-Reducibility""; ""3. Unavoidable Sets and our Discharging Procedure""; ""4. Details of the Proof""; ""5. Our Checking Procedure""; ""Bibliography""; ""Part I: Discharging""; ""1. Introduction D-429""; ""2. The Discharging Procedure D-435""; ""3. The Set U of Reducible Configurations D-459""; ""4. Probabilistic Considerations D-478""; ""5. Possible Improvements D-486""; ""Bibliography D-489""; ""Part II: Reducibility""; ""1. Introduction R-491""; ""2. The Computer Programs R-492""

""3. Immersion Reducibility R-493""""4. The Unavoidable Set U of Reducible Configurations R-503""; ""Appendix to Part II""; ""(a) Planar graphs and maps""; ""(b) Planar graphs and triangulations""; ""(c) Planar graphs with contractions""; ""(d) Kempe components and interchanges on a colored graph""; ""(e) Representative colorations on a labeled n-ring Rn""; ""(f) Fillings/contractions of Rn""; ""(g) Kempe components on a maximal filling/contraction of Rn""; ""(h) Kempe interchangeable sets on a maximal filling/contraction""; ""(i) Abstract Kempe chain dispositions on Rn""

""(j) Open subsets of Đ?n""""(k) The Kempe related extension of a subset of Đ?n;  reducibility""; ""(l) The outside filling/contraction of an immersion image""; ""(m) C-reducing a triangulation""; ""(n) The open



subsets of Đ?4 and Đ?5;  the critical open subsets of Đ?6""; ""(o) A. Bernhart's Bend Condition for R6-reducibility""; ""(p) The semi-critical open subsets of Đ?6 that satisfy the Bend Condition""; ""(q) R3-, R4-, R5-, and R6-reducing a triangulation""; ""(r) Extended immersion images and simple extensions""; ""(s) Configuration sets closed under simple extensions""

""(t) Sufficient conditions for non-critical configurations""""(u) Conditions for non-critical reducers""; ""(v) The Z-reducible closure U* of the unavoidable set U""; ""(w) Locating reducible configurations or rings in triangulations""; ""(x) The main algorithm""; ""(y) An upper bound for the time demand, polynomial in N""; ""(z) Possible improvements""; ""Supplement to Part I""; ""Lemmas on T -dischargings, stated S-2""; ""proofs S-3""; ""Lemma (I) S-6""; ""Table l S-7""; ""Proof of Lemma (I), continued S-12""; ""Proof of Lemma (S+) S-14""; ""Proof of the qTS(V5)-Lemma Introduction S-15""

2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910826611603321

Autore

Ruth Greg <1986->

Titolo

Tennis : a history from American amateurs to global professionals / / Greg Ruth

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Urbana : , : University of Illinois Press, , 2021

ISBN

0-252-05279-X

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (xii, 317 pages)

Collana

Sport and society ; ; 138

Illinois scholarship online

Disciplina

796.342

Soggetti

Tennis - History

Tennis players

Women tennis players

Tennis - Tournaments

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Also issued in print: 2021.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

Introduction: Tennis amateurs and tennis professionals -- Amateur Associations along the American Atlantic Coast -- The West Coast game -- The cause célèbre of the pioneering professional --



Depression-Era developments in amateur and professional tennis -- Wartime Southern California professionals -- The cultural contexts of mid-century women's tennis -- The "Kramer Karavan" -- The world champion from "The Wrong Side of the Tracks" -- Tennis Opens -- The rise and demise of world championship tennis -- The impact of sports agents and agencies on professional tennis -- Women's professional tennis in the early Open era -- Conclusion: Professional tennis as global entertainment.

Sommario/riassunto

The arrival of the Open era in 1968 was a watershed in the history of tennis - the year that marked its advent as a professionalized sport. Merging wide-angle history with individual stories of players and off-the-court figures, Greg Ruth charts tennis's evolution into the game we watch today. His vivid account moves from the cloistered world of nineteenth-century lawn tennis through the longtime amateur-professional divide and the battles over commercialization that raged from the 1920s until 1968. From there, Ruth details the post-1968 expansion of the game as it was transformed by bankable superstars, a popular women's tour, rival governing bodies, and sponsorship money.