The economics of social determinants of health and health inequalities : a resource book / / World Health Organization

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910824358803321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Geneva : , : World Health Organization, , [2013]; ©2013
• ISBN: 92-4-069114-6
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (133 p.)
• Disciplina: 300
• Soggetti: Medical economics; Health services accessibility; Health status indicators; Equality - Health aspects; Health care rationing; Social justice
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover; Contents; Executive summary; Background; How do economists approach the assessment of economic motivation?; Economic arguments for investment in the social determinants of health; Basic economic rationales; Value for money; Findings in specific public policy areas with implications for health; Research gaps; Chapter 1. Introduction; 1.1 Why this resource book?; 1.2 Using this resource book; Figures; Figure 1.1 Overview of resource book information; 1.3 How were sectors chosen?; 1.4 How are interventions classified?; Boxes; Box 1.1 Summary of sectors prioritized by CSDH; 1.4.1 Intersectoral public policy and action perspective1.4.2 Intervention evidence review orientation; Figure 1.2 Types of interventions; Figure 1.3 Analytical framework; References; Chapter 2. The economic argument for social determinants of health and socially determined health inequalities; Box 2.1 The use of cost of health inequality evidence; 2.1 Efficiency-based rationales for public policy intervention; Box 2.2 Economic evaluation studies answer questions relative to specific actions; 2.2 Standard efficiency-based rationales; ; 2.2.1 Imperfect or asymmetric information; 2.2.2 ExternalitiesBox 2.3 Examples of information imperfections; Box 2.4 Examples of externalities; 2.2.3 Public goods; 2.2.4 Departures from rationality; 2.3 Non-standard economic rationales: behavioural economics; 2.4 Equity-based rationale for public policy intervention; Figure 2.1 Relationships between different dimensions of inequality; Tables; Table 2.1 Preferences on income equality; Table 2.2 Importance of eliminating big income inequalities; 2.5 The relationship between efficiency and equity; 2.5.1 The standard viewpoint; 2.5.2 The standard viewpoint: when is it less valid?; 2.5.3 The macroeconomics viewpoint: traditional and new evidenceReferences; Chapter 3. Assessing value for money of interventions; 3.1 Valuing the consequences of social determinants of health interventions; 3.1.1 Valuing costs; 3.1.2 Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis; 3.1.3 Cost-benefit analysis; 3.1.4 Conclusions; 3.2 Valuing reductions in health inequities; 3.2.1 Valuing reductions in health inequities in cost-effectiveness analysis; 3.2.2 Valuing reductions in health inequities in cost-benefit analysis; 3.2.3 Conclusions; Table 3.1 Potential approaches to incorporate equity considerations into economic evaluations of social determinants of health interventions3.3 Challenges in assessing the value for money of social determinants of health interventions; References; Chapter 4. Can education policy act as health policy?; 4.1 Efficiency-based rationales; 4.1.1 Economic benefits of education and the presence of market failures; 4.1.2 Does education have an impact on health?; 4.1.3 Average impact of education interventions; 4.2 Equity-based rationales; 4.2.1 Equity aspects in education; Box 4.1 From resource- to incentive-based interventions in higher education in the United States
• Sommario/riassunto: In response to the growing concern about equity issues and their implications for overall development WHO established the Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) in 2005 which focused on the social justice or human rights arguments for health investments. CSDH investigated the factors involved in the so-called social gradient in health which refers to the large observable differences in health outcomes within and between countries that are determined by avoidable inequalities in the access to resources and power. CSDH aimed to further investigate the causes of health inequities with