Learning Automata and Their Applications to Intelligent Systems / / JunQi Zhang and MengChu Zhou

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910829853903321
• Autore: Zhang Junqi <1967->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hoboken, New Jersey : , : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., , [2024]; ©2024
• ISBN: 1-394-18853-6; 1-394-18850-1; 1-394-18852-8
• Edizione: [First edition.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (275 pages)
• Disciplina: 629.8/92631
• Soggetti: Machine theory
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- A Guide to Reading this Book -- Organization of the Book -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Ranking and Selection in Noisy Optimization -- 1.2 Learning Automata and Ordinal Optimization -- 1.3 Exercises -- References -- Chapter 2 Learning Automata -- 2.1 Environment and Automaton -- 2.1.1 Environment -- 2.1.2 Automaton -- 2.1.3 Deterministic and Stochastic Automata -- 2.1.4 Measured Norms -- 2.2 Fixed Structure Learning Automata -- 2.2.1 Tsetlin Learning Automaton -- 2.2.2 Krinsky Learning Automaton -- 2.2.3 Krylov Learning Automaton -- 2.2.4 IJA Learning Automaton -- 2.3 Variable Structure Learning Automata -- 2.3.1 Estimator‐Free Learning Automaton -- 2.3.2 Deterministic Estimator Learning Automaton -- 2.3.3 Stochastic Estimator Learning Automaton -- 2.4 Summary -- 2.5 Exercises -- References -- Chapter 3 Fast Learning Automata -- 3.1 Last‐position Elimination‐based Learning Automata -- 3.1.1 Background and Motivation -- 3.1.2 Principles and Algorithm Design -- 3.1.3 Difference Analysis -- 3.1.4 Simulation Studies -- 3.1.5 Summary -- 3.2 Fast Discretized Pursuit Learning Automata -- 3.2.1 Background and Motivation -- 3.2.2 Algorithm Design of Fast Discretized Pursuit LAs -- 3.2.3 Optimality Analysis -- 3.2.4 Simulation Studies -- 3.2.5 Summary -- 3.3 Exercises -- References -- Chapter 4 ; Application‐Oriented Learning Automata -- 4.1 Discovering and Tracking Spatiotemporal Event Patterns -- 4.1.1 Background and Motivation -- 4.1.2 Spatiotemporal Pattern Learning Automata -- 4.1.3 Adaptive Tunable Spatiotemporal Pattern Learning Automata -- 4.1.4 Optimality Analysis -- 4.1.5 Simulation Studies -- 4.1.6 Summary -- 4.2 Stochastic Searching on the Line -- 4.2.1 Background and Motivation -- 4.2.2 Symmetrical Hierarchical Stochastic Searching on the Line.; 4.2.3 Simulation Studies -- 4.2.4 Summary -- 4.3 Fast Adaptive Search on the Line in Dual Environments -- 4.3.1 Background and Motivation -- 4.3.2 Symmetrized ASS with Buffer -- 4.3.3 Simulation Studies -- 4.3.4 Summary -- 4.4 Exercises -- References -- Chapter 5 Ordinal Optimization -- 5.1 Optimal Computing‐Budget Allocation -- 5.2 Optimal Computing‐Budget Allocation for Selection of Best and Worst Designs -- 5.2.1 Background and Motivation -- 5.2.2 Approximate Optimal Simulation Budget Allocation -- 5.2.3 Simulation Studies -- 5.2.4 Summary -- 5.3 Optimal Computing‐Budget Allocation for Subset Ranking -- 5.3.1 Background and Motivation -- 5.3.2 Approximate Optimal Simulation Budget Allocation -- 5.3.3 Simulation Studies -- 5.3.4 Summary -- 5.4 Exercises -- References -- Chapter 6 Incorporation of Ordinal Optimization into Learning Automata -- 6.1 Background and Motivation -- 6.2 Learning Automata with Optimal Computing Budget Allocation -- 6.3 Proof of Optimality -- 6.4 Simulation Studies -- 6.5 Summary -- 6.6 Exercises -- References -- Chapter 7 Noisy Optimization Applications -- 7.1 Background and Motivation -- 7.2 Particle Swarm Optimization -- 7.2.1 Parameters Configurations -- 7.2.2 Topology Structures -- 7.2.3 Hybrid PSO -- 7.2.4 Multiswarm Techniques -- 7.3 Resampling for Noisy Optimization Problems -- 7.4 PSO‐Based LA and OCBA -- 7.5 Simulations Studies -- 7.6 Summary -- 7.7 Exercises -- References -- Chapter 8 Applications and Future Research Directions of Learning Automata -- 8.1 Summary of Existing Applications -- 8.1.1 Classification -- 8.1.2 Clustering -- 8.1.3 Games -- 8.1.4 Knapsack Problems -- 8.1.5 Decision Problems in Networks -- 8.1.6 Optimization -- 8.1.7 LA Parallelization and Design Ranking -- 8.1.8 Scheduling -- 8.2 Future Research Directions -- 8.3 Exercises -- References -- Index -- EULA.

Suspect Saints and Holy Heretics : Disputed Sanctity and Communal Identity in Late Medieval Italy / / Janine Larmon Peterson

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910822247903321
• Autore: Peterson Janine Larmon
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Ithaca, NY : , : Cornell University Press, , [2019]; ©2019
• ISBN: 9781501775901; 1501775901; 9781501742354; 1501742353
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (270 pages)
• Collana: Cornell scholarship online
• Disciplina: 235/.2094509022
• Soggetti: Christian saints - Cult - Italy - History - To 1500; Christian saints - Cult - History of doctrines - Middle Ages, 600-1500; Sanctification - Catholic Church; Canonization; Papacy - History; Italy Church history 476-1400
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Previously issued in print: 2019.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Frontmatter -- Contents -- Tables and Illustrations -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- 1. Tolerated Saints -- 2. Suspect Saints -- 3. Heretical Saints -- 4. Holy Heretics -- 5. Economics, Patronage, and Politics -- 6. Anti-Inquisitorialism to Antimendicantism -- 7. Papal Politics and Communal Contestation -- 8. Methods of Contesting Authority -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index
• Sommario/riassunto: In Suspect Saints and Holy Heretics Janine Larmon Peterson investigates regional saints whose holiness was contested. She scrutinizes the papacy's toleration of unofficial saints' cults and its response when their devotees challenged church authority about a cult's merits or the saint's orthodoxy. As she demonstrates, communities that venerated saints increasingly clashed with popes and inquisitors determined to ; erode any local claims of religious authority.Local and unsanctioned saints were spiritual and social fixtures in the towns of northern and central Italy in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. In some cases, popes allowed these saints' cults; in others, church officials condemned the saint and/or their followers as heretics. Using a wide range of secular and clerical sources-including vitae, inquisitorial and canonization records, chronicles, and civic statutes-Peterson explores who these unofficial saints were, how the phenomenon of disputed sanctity arose, and why communities would be willing to risk punishment by continuing to venerate a local holy man or woman. She argues that the Church increasingly restricted sanctification in the later Middle Ages, which precipitated new debates over who had the authority to recognize sainthood and what evidence should be used to identify holiness and heterodoxy. The case studies she presents detail how the political climate of the Italian peninsula allowed Italian communities to use saints' cults as a tool to negotiate religious and political autonomy in opposition to growing papal bureaucratization.