1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910456258303321

Autore

Bushkovitch Paul

Titolo

Peter the Great : the struggle for power, 1671-1725 / / Paul Bushkovitch [[electronic resource]]

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Cambridge : , : Cambridge University Press, , 2001

ISBN

1-107-12378-X

0-521-03067-6

0-511-11967-4

0-511-32840-0

0-511-49669-9

1-280-15488-8

0-511-15451-8

0-511-04402-X

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (xii, 485 pages) : digital, PDF file(s)

Collana

New studies in European history

Disciplina

947/.05

Soggetti

Russia Politics and government 1689-1801

Russia Politics and government 1613-1689

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015).

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references (p. 445-466) and index.

Nota di contenuto

Prologue: Court politics and reform -- 1. Tsar and boyars: structures and values -- 2. The ascendancy of Artamon Matveev, 1671-1676 -- 3. The reign of Tsar Fyodor, 1676-1682 -- 4. The regency of Sofia, 1682-1689 -- 5. Peter in power, 1689-1699 -- 6. Peter and the favorites: Golovin and Menshikov, 1699-1706 -- 7. Poltava and the new gubernias, 1707-1709 -- 8. The Senate and the eclipse of Menshikov, 1709-1715 -- 9. The affair of the tsarevich, 1715-1717 -- 10. The end of Aleksei Petrovich, 1718 -- Epilogue and conclusion, 1718-1725.

Sommario/riassunto

A narrative of the fifty years of political struggles at the Russian court, 1671-1725. This book shows how Peter the Great was not the all-powerful tsar working alone to reform Russia, but that he colluded with powerful and contentious aristocrats in order to achieve his goals. After the early victory of Peter's boyar supporters in the 1690s, Peter turned



against them and tried to rule through favourites - an experiment which ended in the establishment of a decentralized 'aristocratic' administration, followed by an equally aristocratic Senate in 1711. The aristocrats' hegemony came to an end in the wake of the affair of Peter's son, Tsarevich Aleksei, in 1718. After that moment Peter ruled through a complex group of favourites, a few aristocrats and appointees promoted through merit, and carried out his most long-lasting reforms. The outcome was a new balance of power at the centre and a new, European, conception of politics.

2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910820899003321

Autore

Bekele Melaku

Titolo

Reading through the charcoal industry in Ethiopia : production, marketing, consumption and impact / / Melaku Bekele and Zenebe Girmay

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia : , : Forum for Social Studies, , 2013

©2013

ISBN

99944-50-51-4

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (120 p.)

Collana

FSS Monograph  Reading through the charcoal industry in Ethiopia

Disciplina

662.74

Soggetti

Charcoal

Charcoal industry

Charcoal industry - Ethiopia

Ethiopia

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references.

Nota di contenuto

Cover; Title page; Copyright page; Contents; Acknowledgement; List of Tables; List of Figures; Abbreviations and Acronyms; Executive Summary; 1. Introduction; 1.1. Background; 1.2. Objective and Scope of the Study; 1.3. Study Areas and Methods; 1.3.1. Study Areas; 1.3.2. Methods; 1.4. Structure and Limitation of the Study; 2. Fuel-wood Production and Consumption in Ethiopia: Historical Review; 2.1. Fire-wood; 2.2. Charcoal; 2.3. Fuel-wood Scarcity: Brief Account; 3.



Charcoal production; 3.1. What is Charcoal?; 3.2. Charcoal Quality; 3.3. The Charcoal Makers; 3.4. Charcoal Making Technologies

3.5. Production of Charcoal Briquettes3.6. Charcoal Producing Areas and the Preferred Tree Species; 3.7. Charcoal Production Trends; 4. Charcoal Supply, Marketing and Consumption in Selected Cities and Towns; 4.1. Introduction; 4.2. The City of Addis Ababa; 4.2.1. General Features of Respondents; 4.2.2. Views of Respondents on Charcoal Supply, Marketing and Consumption; 4.2.3. Charcoal Inflow; 4.2.4. The Charcoal Trade Chain; 4.3. Mekelle (Tigray Regional State); 4.4. Awash and Gewanie (Afar Regional State); 4.5. Bahir Dar (Amhara Regional State); 4.6. Adama (Oromiya Regional State)

4.7. Hawassa and Arba-Minch (SNNPR)4.8. Harshin (Somali Regional State); 4.9. Dire Dawa City; 5. Charcoal Impacts; 5.1. Charcoal Impact Assessment; 5.2. Forest Resources of Ethiopia and the Charcoal Impact; 5.2.1. Forest and Woodland Resources; 5.2.2. The Charcoal Impact on Forests and Woodlands; 5.3. The charcoal Impact on Climate; 5.4. The Charcoal Impact on Soil; 5.5. The Charcoal Impact on Human Health; 6. The Institutional Deficits in the Charcoal Industry: The Way Forward; 6.1. Institutional Shortfalls; 6.2. The Way Forward

6.2.1. Charcoal as a Policy Agenda: Recognize and Legalize the Industry6.2.2. End Open-Access Situation; 6.2.3. Establish a Management System; 6.2.4. Establish a Charcoal Agency and a Data Centre; 6.2.5. Initiate Forest Plantations for Charcoal Production; 6.2.6. Improve Charcoal Technology and Diversify its Sources; 6.2.7. Develop Modern Energy Sources; 6.2.8. Education and Research; References; Back cover

Sommario/riassunto

Studies in many African countries show that charcoal making is among the primary drivers of deforestation and subsequent land degradation. In the case of Ethiopia, charcoal is produced from state-owned (public) forests and woodlands. There is little regulatory intervention from the government side. Moreover, production is more traditional and the producers have little idea that charcoal can be produced efficiently with modern technologies. Although charcoal meets significant portion of urban householdsí energy needs in the country, and also support the livelihood of tens of thousands of rural