PEM fuel cells : theory and practice / / Franco Barbir

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910817461303321
• Autore: Barbir Frano <1954->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Amsterdam ; ; Boston, : Elsevier Academic Press, 2005
• ISBN: 1-280-63044-2; 9786610630448; 0-08-045541-7
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (448 p.)
• Collana: Academic Press sustainable world series
• Disciplina: 621.312429
• Soggetti: Fuel cells; Ion-permeable membranes
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Foreword; Preface and Acknowledgments; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1. What Is a Fuel Cell?; 1.2. A Very Brief History of Fuel Cells; 1.3. Types of Fuel Cells; 1.4. How Does a PEM Fuel Cell Work?; 1.5. Why Do We Need Fuel Cells?; 1.6. Fuel Cell Applications; References; Chapter 2: Fuel Cell Basic Chemistry and Thermodynamics; 2.1. Basic Reactions; 2.2. Heat of Reaction; 2.3. Higher and Lower Heating Value of Hydrogen; 2.4. Theoretical Electrical Work; 2.5. Theoretical Fuel Cell Potential; 2.6. Effect of Temperature; 2.7. Theoretical Fuel Cell Efficiency; 2.8. Carnot Efficiency Myth; 2.9. Effect of Pressure2.10. Summary; References; Problems; Quiz; Chapter 3: Fuel Cell Electrochemistry; 3.1. Electrode Kinetics; 3.1.1. Reaction Rate; 3.1.2. Reaction Constants; Transfer Coefficient; 3.1.3. Current Potential Relationship-Butler-Volmer Equation; 3.1.4. Exchange Current Density; 3.2. Voltage Losses; 3.2.1. Activation Polarization; 3.2.2. Internal Currents and Crossover Losses; 3.2.3. Ohmic (Resistive) Losses; 3.2.4. Concentration Polarization; 3.3. Cell Potential-Polarization Curve; 3.4. Distribution of Potential Across A Fuel Cell; 3.5. Sensitivity of Parameters in Polarization Curve3.5.1. Effect of Transfer Coefficient/Tafel Slope; 3.5.2. Effect of Exchange Current Density; 3.5.3. Effect of Hydrogen Crossover and Internal Current Loss; 3.5.4. Effect of Internal Resistance; 3.5.5. Effect of Limiting Current ; Density; 3.5.6. Effect of Operating Pressure; 3.5.7. Air vs Oxygen; 3.5.8. Effect of Operating Temperature; 3.6. Fuel Cell Efficiency; 3.7. Implications and Use of Fuel Cell Polarization Curve; 3.7.1. Other Curves Resulting from Polarization Curve; 3.7.2. Linear Approximation of Polarization Curve; 3.7.3. Use of Polarization Curve for Fuel Cell SizingReferences; Problems; Quiz; Chapter 4: Main Cell Components, Materials Properties and Processes; 4.1. Cell Description; 4.2. Membrane; 4.2.1. Water Uptake; 4.2.2. Physical Properties; 4.2.3. Protonic Conductivity; 4.2.4. Water Transport; 4.2.5. Gas Permeation; 4.3. Electrode; 4.4. Gas Diffusion Layer; 4.4.1. Treatments and Coatings; 4.4.2. Porosity; 4.4.3. Electrical Conductivity; 4.4.4. Compressibility; 4.4.5. Permeability; 4.5. Bipolar Plates; 4.5.1. Materials; 4.5.2. Properties; References; Problems; Quiz; Chapter 5: Fuel Cell Operating Conditions5.1. Operating Pressure; 5.2. Operating Temperature; 5.3. Reactants Flow Rates; 5.4. Reactants Humidity; 5.5. Fuel Cell Mass Balance; 5.5.1. Inlet Flow Rates; 5.5.2. Outlet Flow Rates; 5.6. Fuel Cell Energy Balance; References; Problems; Quiz; Chapter 6: Stack Design; 6.1. Sizing of a Fuel Cell Stack; 6.2. Stack Configuration; 6.3. Uniform Distribution of Reactants to Each Cell; 6.4. Uniform Distribution of Reactants Inside Each Cell; 6.4.1. Shape of the Flow Field; 6.4.2. Flow Field Orientation; 6.4.3. Configuration of Channels; 6.4.4. Channel's Shape, Dimensions, and Spacing
• Sommario/riassunto: Fuel cells are electrochemical energy conversion devices that convert hydrogen and oxygen into water, producing electricity and heat in the process and providing fuel efficiency and reductions in pollutants. Demand for this technology is growing rapidly. Fuel cells are being commercialized for stationary and portable electricity generation, and as a replacement for internal combustion engines in automobiles. Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells in particular are experiencing an upsurge. They have high power density and can vary their output quickly to meet shifts in power demand.