Space science in the twenty-first century : imperatives for the decades 1995 to 2015 : report of the study steering group / / Space Science Board, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources, National Research Council

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910817032603321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1988
• ISBN: 1-280-21485-6; 9786610214853; 0-309-59474-X; 0-585-08584-6
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (149 p.)
• Disciplina: 520
• Soggetti: Space sciences; Astronomy; Cosmic physics; Space biology; Planets - Exploration; Relativity (Physics)
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Support for this project was provided by Contract NASW-3482 between the National Academy of Sciences and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
• Nota di contenuto: Space Science in the Twenty-First Century: Imperatives for the Decades 1995 To 2015 -- Copyright -- Foreword -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Scientific Objectives -- SOLAR PHYSICS -- PHYSICS OF THE HELIOSPHERE -- MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- UPPER ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL COUPLING -- COMPARATIVE PLANETARY STUDIES -- 3 Status Expected in 1995 -- SOLAR AND HELIOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- Sources of Plasma -- Sources of Power -- Generation of Plasma Waves and Radio Emissions -- The Terrestrial Magnetosphere as a System -- Solar-Terrestrial Research -- UPPER ATMOSPHERE SCIENCE -- Global Electric Circuit -- PLANETARY SPACE PHYSICS -- Interaction with ; Unmagnetized, Atmosphereless Bodies -- Deflection by Planetary Magnetospheres -- Plasma-Atmosphere Interactions -- SUMMARY -- 4 New Initiatives: 1995 to 2015 -- SOLAR AND HELIOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- Local Measurements in the Solar Atmosphere -- High-Latitude Solar Studies -- Outer Coronal Physics -- 1-AU Observing Network -- Additional Solar and Heliospheric Studies -- Interstellar Probe -- Scientific Measurements -- TERRESTRIAL MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- Imaging of the Earth's Magnetosphere -- Plasma-Dust Interactions -- Active Experiments: Gas-Plasma Interactions -- Injections of Plasma Waves and Particle Beams -- TERRESTRIAL ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- Upper Atmosphere Science -- Space Station Atmospheric Studies -- Global Current Missions -- PLANETARY SCIENCE -- Mars's Aeronomy and Magnetosphere -- Mercury's Magnetosphere -- Jupiter's Ionosphere/Magnetosphere and Tail -- SUMMARY OF TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS -- 5 Summary of Technology Development Needs -- SOLAR AND HELIOSPHERIC -- MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- Appendixes -- Appendix A Workshop on Imaging of the Earth's Magnetosphere -- Workshop Participants -- Contents -- A.1 Introduction.; A.2 Imaging of the Auroral Oval: Present Status and Future Needs -- A.3 Prospects for Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging of Plasma in the Magnetosphere -- Plasmaspheric and Magnetospheric Boundaries -- Locations for Observing Stations -- Lidar -- A.4 Prospects for Neutral Particle Imaging of Planetary Magnetospheres -- Background -- Expected Results -- A.5 Conclusions and Recommendations -- Appendix B Excerpts from the Final Report of the Jupiter Polar Orbiter Workshop -- B.1 Motivation, Goals, and Conclusions and Recommendations -- Major Conclusion -- Major Recommendations -- B.2 Mission Design Options: Orbits, Lifetimes, and Science Capabilities -- B.3 Science Issues -- Introduction -- Io and Europa -- Io's Aeronomy -- Io-Torus Coupling -- High-Energy Particles -- Sources -- Acceleration -- Precipitation, Aurora, and the Stably Trapped Limit -- Satellite Sweeping Signatures -- Io and Its Torus -- Inner Zone -- Radio Astronomy -- Rings -- Jovian Aeronomy -- Jovian Atmosphere -- Jupiter's Interior-Magnetic Field -- Jovian Interior: Gravitational Field -- B.4 Conclusions and Recommendations -- Scientific Justification -- Mission Design Feasibility -- Major Measurement Objectives (Moving from Outermost to Innermost) -- Instrument Requirements -- Recommendations -- Appendix: List of Participants -- Workshop Organizers -- Workshop Sponsors -- JPO Workshop Participants and Post-Workshop Contributors -- Appendix C Excerpts from the Draft Report of the Workshop on Plasma Physics Research on the Space Station -- Plasma Processes Laboratory -- Appendix D Probing Fundamental Astrophysical Scales with High-Resolution Observations of the Sun: Prospects for the… -- Introduction -- The Role of Small-Scale Processes in the Solar Atmosphere -- Examples on the Sun of Small-Scale Processes of Astrophysical Importance.; Atmospheric Dynamics and Magnetic Fields on Small Spatial Scales -- Fine Structure and Dynamics of Flares -- Plasma Heating and Microflares -- Observational Considerations -- High-Resolution Imaging in the EUV -- Detectors -- Multilayer Coatings for Normal Incidence Optics -- High-Resolution Imaging -- Spectroscopy and Spectroscopic Imaging -- Glancing Incidence Optics -- Primary Figure Correction and Control -- Resolution Enhancement Techniques -- Aperture Synthesis (AS) -- Speckle Imaging -- Deconvolution -- Interferometry -- Pointing Systems -- Siting -- Near-Sun Orbit -- Heliosynchronous Orbit -- Lunar Basing -- Solar Orbit at 1 AU -- Earth Orbit-Free Flyer -- Manned Vehicles-Space Shuttle -- Space Station -- ; Prospects and Limitations of Ground-Based observations -- Radio Interferometry -- High-Angular-Resolution Optical Imaging from the Ground -- Long-Baseline Optical Interferometry -- Summary and Conclusions -- Appendix: List of Participants.