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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910220556303321 |
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Autore |
Gunsteren Herman van (Herman Robert), <1940-, > |
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Titolo |
Burgerschap in praktijken . Deel 1 / / H.R. van Gunsteren en P. den Hoed (red.) |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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's-Gravenhage : , : Sdu uitgeverij, Plantijstraat ; , : Wetenschappelijke Raad voor het Regeringsbeleid, , 1992 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (291 pages) : illustrations |
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Collana |
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Open Access e-Books |
Knowledge Unlatched |
Voorstudies en achtergronden / Wetenschappelijke Raad voor het Regeringsbeleid ; ; V77 |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Citizenship - Netherlands |
Political participation - Netherlands |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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De serie 'Voorstudies en achtergronden' omvat werkstukken die in het kader van de werkzaamheden van de WRR tot stand zijn gekomen en naar zijn oordeel van zodanige kwaliteit en betekenis zijn, dat publicatie gewenst is. De verantwoordelijkheid voor de inhoud en de ingenomen standpunten berust bij de auteurs. |
The 'Preliminary and Background Studies' series comprises papers that have been produced as part of the work of the WRR and that in its opinion are of such quality and significance that publication is required. The responsibility for the content and the positions taken rests with the authors. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910813884403321 |
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Autore |
Bajpai P (Pratima) |
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Titolo |
Recycling and deinking of recovered paper / / Pratima Bajpai |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Waltham, MA : , : Elsevier, , 2014 |
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ISBN |
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Edizione |
[First edition.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (vii, 304 pages) : illustrations (some color) |
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Collana |
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Elsevier insights |
Gale eBooks |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Front Cover; Recycling and Deinking of Recovered Paper; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; 1 Introduction; 1.1 The Paper and Paperboard Industry in the Global Market; 1.2 General Aspects of Paper Recycling; 1.3 Benefits of Recycling; 1.4 Statistics; 1.5 Challenges for Paper Recyclers; 1.5.1 Deinking; 1.5.2 Adhesives; 1.5.3 Limited Life Cycle; References; 2 Legislation for Use of Recycled Paper; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Legislation in the European Union; 2.3 Legislation in Japan; 2.4 Legislation in the USA; References; 3 Collection Systems and Sorting of Recovered Paper; 3.1 Collection |
3.2 Sorting, Handling and Storage of Recovered PaperReferences; 4 Process Steps in Recycled Fibre Processing; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Process Steps and Equipment; 4.2.1 Pulping; 4.2.2 Deflaking; 4.2.3 Refuse Removal; 4.2.4 High-Density Cleaning; 4.2.4.1 Coarse and Fine Screening; 4.2.5 Flotation; 4.2.6 Washing; 4.2.7 Thickening; 4.2.8 Kneading and Dispersion; 4.2.9 Fine Cleaning; 4.2.10 Deinking Processes; References; 5 System and Process Design for Different Paper and Board Grades; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 RCF Stock Preparation for Newsprint and Improved Paper Grades |
5.3 RCF Stock Preparation for Market Pulp Systems5.4 RCF Stock Preparation for Fine Paper System; 5.5 RCF Stock Preparation for Tissue; 5.6 RCF Stock Preparation for Test Liner; References; 6 Effects of Recycling on Pulp Quality; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 General Effects of Recycling on Papermaking Properties; 6.3 Factors Influencing Recycling; |
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6.4 Techniques to Enhance Strength Properties of Recycled Fibres; References; 7 Chemicals Used in Deinking and Their Function; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Alkali; 7.3 Stabilisers; 7.4 Hydrogen Peroxide; 7.5 Chelating Agents; 7.6 Surfactants |
7.7 Dispersion Agents7.8 Collecting Chemicals; 7.9 Frothing Agent; 7.10 Defoamer; 7.11 Emulsions; 7.12 Modified Inorganic Particle; 7.13 Calcium Salts; References; 8 Deinking with Enzymes; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Enzymes Used in Deinking and Their Mechanism; 8.3 Developments in Enzymatic Deinking; 8.4 Effects of Enzymes on Fibre, Paper Quality and Pulp Yield; 8.5 Effects of Enzymes on Effluent Characteristics; 8.6 Benefits and Limitations; 8.7 Future Prospects; References; 9 Bleaching of Secondary Fibres; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Chlorine Bleaching; 9.2.1 Bleaching with Hypochlorite |
9.3 Chlorine-Free Bleaching9.3.1 Bleaching with Hydrogen Peroxide; 9.3.2 Bleaching with Dithionite; 9.3.3 Bleaching with FAS; 9.3.4 Bleaching with Oxygen; 9.3.5 Bleaching with Ozone; 9.3.6 Bleaching with Peroxyacids; 9.3.7 Direct Borohydride Injection Bleaching; References; 10 Refining of Recycled Fibres; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Refining Effects; 10.3 Use of Enzymes in Upgrading Secondary Fibre; References; 11 Improving Drainability of Recycled Fibres; 11.1 Introduction; 11.2 Effect of Enzymes and Chemical Additives on Drainage; References; 12 Effects of Recycled Fibre on Paper Machines |
12.1 Introduction |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Paper recycling in an increasingly environmentally conscious world is gaining importance. Increased recycling activities are being driven by robust overseas markets as well as domestic demand. Recycled fibers play a very important role today in the global paper industry as a substitute for virgin pulps. Paper recovery rates continue to increase year after year Recycling technologies have been improved in recent years by advances in pulping, flotation deinking and cleaning/screening, resulting in the quality of paper made from secondary fibres approaching that of virgin paper. The pro |
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