Alternative jet fuel has been an active area of research and development since the 1973 oil embargo. Research goals have included establishing energy security, lowering fuel costs, and reducing emissions with a focus on developing cost-effective methodologies for processing and sustaining jet fuel production from shale, tar sands, coal, biomass, end use waste, and CO2. Physical and chemical properties, such as the viscosity, vapor pressure, boiling range, freeze point and hydrogen content, have been measured for many potential alternative jet fuels. Combustion characteristics, such as lean blow-out and ignition, have also been investigated in gas turbine engines and fundamental combustion devices. The compilation of this research has resulted in a large technical base for understanding the combustion of alternative jet fuels that have a wide range of physical and chemical properties and operating in different combustion devices. |