1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910143311203321

Autore

Clerc Maurice

Titolo

Particle swarm optimization  / / Maurice Clerc

Pubbl/distr/stampa

London ; ; Newport Beach : , : ISTE, , 2006

©2006

ISBN

9780470612163

9786610510566

1-84704-454-9

0-470-61216-9

0-470-39443-9

1-84704-554-5

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (245 pages)

Collana

ISTE ; ; v.93

Disciplina

006.3

519.62

Soggetti

Mathematical optimization

Particles (Nuclear physics)

Swarm intelligence

Electronic books.

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references (p. [233]-238) and index.

Nota di contenuto

Particle Swarm Optimization; Table of Contents; Foreword; Introduction; Part I. Particle Swarm Optimization; Chapter 1. What is a Difficult Problem?; 1.1. An intrinsic definition.; 1.2. Estimation and practical measurement.; 1.3. For "amatheurs": some estimates of difficulty; 1.3.1. Function xd; 1.3.2. Function x2d; 1.3.3. Function xd|sin(xd)|; 1.3.4. Traveling salesman on D cities; 1.4. Summary; Chapter 2. On a Table Corner; 2.1. Apiarian metaphor; 2.2. An aside on the spreading of a rumor; 2.3. Abstract formulation; 2.4. What is really transmitted; 2.5. Cooperation versus competition; 2.6. For "amatheurs": a simple calculation of propagation of rumor2.7. Summary; Chapter 3. First Formulations; 3.1. Minimal version; 3.1.1. Swarm size; 3.1.2. Information links; 3.1.3. Initialization; 3.1.4. Equations of motion; 3.1.5. Interval confinement; 3.1.6. Proximity distributions; 3.2. Two



common errors; 3.3. Principal drawbacks of this formulation; 3.3.1. Distribution bias; 3.3.2. Explosion and maximum velocity; 3.4. Manual parameter setting; 3.5. For "amatheurs": average number of informants; 3.6. Summary; Chapter 4. Benchmark Set; 4.1. What is the purpose of test functions?; 4.2. Six reference functions4.3. Representations and comments; 4.4. For "amatheurs": estimates of levels of difficulty; 4.4.1. Theoretical difficulty; 4.4.1.1. Tripod; 4.4.1.2. Alpine 10D; 4.4.1.3. Rosenbrock; 4.4.2. Difficulty according to the search effort; 4.5. Summary; Chapter 5. Mistrusting Chance; 5.1. Analysis of an anomaly; 5.2. Computing randomness; 5.3. Reproducibility; 5.4. On numerical precision; 5.5. The rare KISS; 5.5.1. Brief description; 5.5.2. Test of KISS; 5.6. On the comparison of results; 5.7. For "amatheurs": confidence in the estimate of a rate of failure; 5.8. C programs5.9. Summary; Chapter 6. First Results; 6.1. A simple program; 6.2. Overall results; 6.3. Robustness and performance maps; 6.4. Theoretical difficulty and noted difficulty; 6.5. Source code of OEP 0; 6.6. Summary; Chapter 7. Swarm: Memory and Graphs of Influence; 7.1. Circular neighborhood of the historical PSO; 7.2. Memory-swarm; 7.3. Fixed topologies; 7.4. Random variable topologies; 7.4.1. Direct recruitment; 7.4.2. Recruitment by common channel of communication; 7.5. Influence of the number of informants; 7.5.1. In fixed topology; 7.5.2. In random variable topology; 7.6. Influence of the number of memories7.7. Reorganizations of the memory-swarm; 7.7.1. Mixing of the memories; 7.7.2. Queen and other centroids; 7.7.3. Comparative results; 7.8. For "amatheurs": temporal connectivity in random recruitment; 7.9. Summary; Chapter 8. Distributions of Proximity; 8.1. The random possibilities; 8.2. Review of rectangular distribution; 8.3. Alternative distributions of possibilities; 8.3.1. Ellipsoidal positive sectors; 8.3.2. Independent Gaussians; 8.3.3. Local by independent Gaussians; 8.3.4. The class of one-dimensional distributions; 8.3.5. Pivots; 8.3.6. Adjusted ellipsoids

Sommario/riassunto

This is the first book devoted entirely to Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), which is a non-specific algorithm, similar to evolutionary algorithms, such as taboo search and ant colonies. Since its original development in 1995, PSO has mainly been applied to continuous-discrete heterogeneous strongly non-linear numerical optimization and it is thus used almost everywhere in the world. Its convergence rate also makes it a preferred tool in dynamic optimization.



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910790791303321

Autore

Finkelstein Gabriel Ward

Titolo

Emil du Bois-Reymond : neuroscience, self, and society in nineteenth-century Germany / / Gabriel Finkelstein

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Cambridge, Massachusetts : , : The MIT Press, , [2013]

ISBN

0-262-31485-1

0-262-31484-3

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (381 p.)

Collana

Transformations : studies in the history of science and technology

Disciplina

612.8092

B

Soggetti

Neurosciences - Philosophy - History - 19th century

Physiology, Experimental - History - 19th century

Physiologists - Germany

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

Contents; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Introduction; I Beginnings; 1 Childhood; 2 Youth; 3 Apprenticeship; II Experiments; 4 Science; 5 Revolution; 6 Paris; III Life; 7 Love; 8 Marriage and Career; 9 Public and Private; IV Fame; 10 Politics and History; 11 Goethe and Darwin; 12 Limits; Notes; Index

Sommario/riassunto

A biography of an important but largely forgotten nineteenth-century scientist whose work helped lay the foundation of modern neuroscience.Emil du Bois-Reymond is the most important forgotten intellectual of the nineteenth century. In his own time (1818-1896) du Bois-Reymond grew famous in his native Germany and beyond for his groundbreaking research in neuroscience and his provocative addresses on politics and culture. This biography by Gabriel Finkelstein draws on personal papers, published writings, and contemporary responses to tell the story of a major scientific figure. Du Bois-Reymond's discovery of the electrical transmission of nerve signals, his innovations in laboratory instrumentation, and his reductionist methodology all helped lay the foundations of modern neuroscience.In addition to describing the pioneering experiments that earned du Bois-Reymond a seat in the Prussian Academy of Sciences and a



professorship at the University of Berlin, Finkelstein recounts du Bois-Reymond's family origins, private life, public service, and lasting influence. Du Bois-Reymond's public lectures made him a celebrity. In talks that touched on science, philosophy, history, and literature, he introduced Darwin to German students (triggering two days of debate in the Prussian parliament); asked, on the eve of the Franco-Prussian War, whether France had forfeited its right to exist; and proclaimed the mystery of consciousness, heralding the age of doubt. The first modern biography of du Bois-Reymond in any language, this book recovers an important chapter in the history of science, the history of ideas, and the history of Germany.