Kriminologie in der Zivilgesellschaft : Wissenschaftsdiskurse und die britische Öffentlichkeit, 1830-1945 / / Sabine Freitag; German Historical Institute London

• Record Nr.: UNISA996309103503316
• Autore: Freitag Sabine
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Berlin ; ; Boston : , : Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, , [2013]; ©2014
• ISBN: 1-306-52925-5; 3-486-75515-3
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (526 p.)
• Collana: Veröffentlichungen des Deutschen Historischen Instituts London/ Publications of the German Historical Institute London ; ; 73
• Classificazione: PH 8070
• Disciplina: 364.2; 364.25
• Soggetti: Criminal justice, Administration of - England
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Tedesco
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di contenuto: Frontmatter -- Inhalt -- Vorwort -- 1. Einleitung -- 2. Statistik, empirische Sozialforschung und Sozialreform (1830-1895) -- 3. Medizinisch-psychiatrische Diskurse (1850-1900) -- 4. Eugenik und die Frage nach Anlage oder Umwelt (1860-1930) -- 5. Biometrie, Mendelsche Gesetze und die Frage nach dem Status von Experten: Charles Goring The English Convict (1900-1935) -- 6. Die Neue Psychologie (1890-1945) -- 7. Adjusting to democracy: Wissenschaft und Zivilgesellschaft -- 8. Quellen- und Literaturverzeichnis -- Register -- Abkürzungsverzeichnis -- Abstract
• Sommario/riassunto: Warum werden Menschen kriminell? Welche Ursachen lassen sich für delinquentes Verhalten finden? Solche Fragen beschäftigen Experten genauso wie die breitere Öffentlichkeit - und beide stehen in größerem Ideen-Austausch, als man zunächst meinen könnte. Sabine Freitag nähert sich Orten der Wissensproduktion über die Ursachen von Kriminalität ebenso wie zivilgesellschaftlichen Räumen, in denen die Thesen der Experten diskutiert wurden. Über die gesellschaftliche Annahme oder Ablehnung bestimmter wissenschaftlicher Deutungsangebote entschied nicht zuletzt ihre Kompatibilität mit vorherrschenden Werten, Normen und Selbstbildern. Nur auf dieser ; Grundlage konnte sich beispielsweise der angestrebte Strafzweck säkularisieren und verwissenschaftlichen: weg von einer moralischen Besserung der sündigen Seele hin zur nüchterneren Absicht, sozialverträgliche, kompetente Bürger herzustellen.

Germanic language histories 'from below' (1700-2000) / / editors, Stephan Elspass [et al.]

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910788549703321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Berlin ; ; New York : , : Walter de Gruyter, , [2007]; ©2007
• ISBN: 3-11-092546-X
• Edizione: [Reprint 2011]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (530 pages) : illustrations, maps (some color)
• Collana: Studia linguistica Germanica, , 1861-5651 ; ; 86
• Classificazione: GB 4065
• Altri autori (Persone): ElspassStephan
• Disciplina: 430.9
• Soggetti: Germanic languages - History; Germanic languages - Variation; Germanic languages - Standardization - History; Germanic languages - Standardization - Political aspects
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Front matter -- Introduction -- A twofold view 'from below': New perspectives on language histories and language historiographies / ELSPASS, STEPHAN -- I. Language variation in letters, diaries and other text sources from below -- "As this leaves me at present" - Formulaic usage, politeness, and social proximity in nineteenth-century Scottish emigrants' letters / DOSSENA, MARINA -- 'Lower-order' letters, schooling and the English language, 1795 to 1834 / FAIRMAN, TONY -- "Doch mein Mann möchte doch mal wissen ..." A discourse analysis of 19th-century emigrant men and women's private correspondence / MCLELLAND, NICOLA -- Remnants of Western Yiddish in East Frisia / REERSHEMIUS, GERTRUD -- Eighteenth-century linguistic variation from the perspective of a Dutch diary and a collection of private letters / van der Wal, Marijke -- II. From past to present: Change from above - ; change from below -- 'Time and Tyne': a corpus-based study of variation and change in relativization strategies in Tyneside English / BEAL, JOAN C. / CORRIGAN, KAREN P. -- Syntactic surprises in some English letters: the underlying progress of the language / DENISON, DAVID -- YOU and THOU in Early Modern English: cross-linguistic perspectives / DURY, RICHARD -- On the history of verbal present participle converbs in English and Norwegian and the concept of 'change from below' / KILLIE, KRISTIN -- The grammaticalization of geben 'to give' in German and Luxembourgish / LENZ, ALEXANDRA -- A corpus-based study of modern colloquial 'Flemish' / PLEVOETS, KOEN / SPEELMAN, DIRK / GEERAERTS, DIRK -- 'Tussentaal' as a source of change from below in Belgian Dutch. A case study of substandardization processes in the chat language of Flemish teenagers / VANDEKERCKHOVE, REINHILD -- III. Language norms and standardization in a view form below -- Surinamese Dutch: The development of a unique Germanic Language variety / KLEINE, CHRISTA DE -- "Zoo schrijve ek lievers my sort Afrikaans" - Speaker agency, identity, and resistance in the history of Afrikaans / DEUMERT, ANA -- "Deutsch ist eine würde-lose Sprache". On the history of a failed prescription / DURRELL, MARTIN -- To boldly split the infinitive - or not? Prescriptive traditions and current English usage / FISCHER, ROSWITHA -- Norm consciousness and corpus constitution in the study of Earlier Modern Germanic Languages / POUNDER, AMANDA -- Variability and professionalism as prerequisites of standardization / VOESTE, ANJA -- Putting standard German to the test: some notes on the linguistic competence of grammarschool students and teachers in the nineteenth century / ZIEGLER, EVELYN -- IV. Language choice and language planning -- The choice between German and French for the German nobility of the late 18th century / ARZBERGER, STEFFEN -- Flirting at the fringe - The status of the German varieties as perceived by language activists in Belgium's Areler Land / DARQUENNES, JEROEN -- Language and Luxembourgish national identity: ideologies of hybridity and purity in the past and present / HORNER, KRISTINE -- The planning of modern Norwegian as a sociolinguistic experiment - 'from below' / JAHR, ERNST HÅKON -- The death of Standard German in 19th-century Budapest. A case study on the role of linguistic ideologies in language shift / MAITZ, PÉTER -- 1750-1850: The disappearance of German from Bergen, Norway / NESSE, AGNETE -- Societal multilingualism and language conflicts in Galicia in the 19th century / PTASHNYK, STEFANIYA -- New data on language policy and language choice in 19th-century Flemish city administrations / VANHECKE, ELINE / DE GROOF, JETJE -- V. Reflections on alternative language histories -- Communicative genres as categories in a socio-cultural history of communication / LINKE, ANGELIKA -- Deconstructing episodes in the 'history of English' / WATTS, RICHARD J. -- Index
• Sommario/riassunto: Focusing on the sociolinguistic history of Germanic languages, the current volume challenges the traditional teleological approach of language historiography. The 30 contributions present alternative histories of ten 'big' as well as 'small' Germanic languages and varieties in the last 300 years. Topics covered in this book include language variation and change and the politics of language contact and choice, seen against the background of standardization processes of written and oral text genres and from the viewpoint of larger sections of the population.

Dilemmas in Public Management in Greater China and Australia : Rising Tensions but Common Challenges

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910806000803321
• Autore: Chan Hon S. <1958->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Canberra : , : ANU Press, , 2023; ©2023
• ISBN: 9781760465742; 1760465747
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (612 pages)
• Altri autori (Persone): PodgerAndrew; SuTsai-Tsu; WannaJohn
• Disciplina: 320.951
• Soggetti: Public administration - China; Public administration - Australia; China Politics and government 2002- Congresses; Australia Politics and government 1945- Congresses
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- List of illustrations -- Figure 1.1: GDP per capita: Mainland China, Taiwan, Australia (USD purchasing power parity). -- Figure 1.2: GDP and government revenue in Mainland China, 2010-20 (2010 prices). -- Figure 1.3: Government revenue in Mainland China as a per cent of GDP, 2010-22. -- Figure 1.4: Taiwan's government revenue as a per cent of GDP, 1996-2022. -- Figure 1.5: Total government expenses as per cent of GDP, Australia, 2011-21. -- Figure 3.1: A theoretical framework for the effect of vertical power structure change on policy experimentation. -- Figure 3.2: The percentage of subnational revenue (expenditure) in total revenue (expenditure). -- Figure 3.3: The geographic distribution of Pilot Free Trade Zones in China (2013-20). -- Figure 3.4: The annual number of national and subnational policy documents on 'experimental point (Shidian)' (2003-20). -- Figure 3.5: The annual number of policy documents on 'experimental point (Shidian)' promulgated by three subordinate organisations of the State Council (2003-20). -- Figure 3.6: The total ; number of subnational policy documents on 'experimental point (Shidian)' in each province (2013-20). -- Figure 3.7: The correlational relationship between the total number of subnational policy documents on 'experimental point (Shidian)' (2013-20) and the GDP (2019) in each province. -- Figure 4.1: Taiwan's local governments. -- Figure 6.1: VFI, across states, 2020-21. -- Figure 6.2: Commonwealth Grants as a per cent of total state revenue. -- Figure 6.3: State own-source revenue, GST and other payments from the Commonwealth as a proportion of total state revenue, 2020-21. -- Figure 6.4: Approaches to HFE since Federation. -- Figure 7.1: Australia: Local government jurisdictions and number of local governments. -- Figure 7.2: Australia: Population per local area by jurisdiction, 1910-2020.; Figure 7.3: NSW JOs across LGAs. -- Figure 7.4: NSW LALCs and Regional Areas. -- Figure 7.5: RDA National Network. -- Figure 7.6: 2020-21 Australian local government revenue (%) by category. -- Figure 7.7: 2020-21 Australian local government expenditure (%) by category. -- Figure 8.1: Fiscal expansion goes into reverse. -- Figure 8.2: Central government transfers and local government transfer dependency. -- Figure 8.3: Budgetary spending on education, health, social security and housing. -- Figure 9.1: Australian annual GDP and GDP per capita growth since 1990-91. -- Figure 9.2: Australia's terms of trade (1945-2021). -- Figure 9.3: GDP growth, Australia's major trading partners. -- Figure 9.4: Average GDP per capita growth, Australia's major trading partners. -- Figure 9.5: Pre-COVID fiscal balance, all levels of government. -- Figure 9.6: Australian quarterly GDP and GDP per capita since 2010. -- Figure 9.7: Household savings ratio, 2000-2021. -- Figure 9.8: Unemployment rate, 2000-2022. -- Figure 9.9: Participation rate (top) and population 'not in labour force' (bottom), 2018-21. -- Figure 9.10: Australian population growth since 1982. -- Figure 9.11: Australia's population growth rate, IGR 2021 forecast. -- Figure 9.12: Commonwealth budget parameters, 1996-97 to 2024-25. -- Figure 9.13: Fiscal balance deterioration between 2019 and 2020. -- Figure 9.14: Net debt deterioration between 2019 and 2025. -- Figure 9.15: Fiscal balance, all levels of government (June 2018-June 2021). -- Figure 9.16: Market sector productivity growth, 1996-2020. -- Figure 10.1: Use of performance indicators-by category (city of Guangzhou, 2007-9). -- Figure 10.2: Use of performance information during budget execution. -- Figure 10.3: Use of PI during budget preparation. -- Figure 12.1: The aid management cycle in AusAID.; Figure 12.2: Performance of Australian Aid (PAA) performance framework. -- Figure 12.3: Performance framework for Partnerships for Recovery: Australia's COVID-19 Development Response. -- Figure 14.1: Results of SEM. -- Figure 15.1: Australian employment trends. -- Figure 15.2: APS diversity trends, 2001-22. -- Figure 15.3: APS classification profile by gender, 2022. -- Figure 15.4: Agency capability domains. -- Figure 16.1: Components of FGF reforms. -- Figure 20.1: Total health expenditure (THE) and share of THE in GDP: 1990-2020. -- Figure 20.2: The composition of the total health expenditure in China: 2005-20. -- Figure 20.3: The share of self-treatment and no-treatment in health-seeking, 1993-2015 (%). -- Figure 20.4: Government health expenditure per capita (RMB ,000) and population size in 27 cities in the Yangtze River Delta in 2019. -- Figure 20.5: Primary care clinics' share of outpatient services in China: 2013-20. -- Figure 20.6: CCDC's budget as a share of health expenditure: 2009-20. -- Figure 20.7: Growth of health workers in different health institutions (%): 2011-20. -- Figure 20.8: Composition of expenditure in CCDC: 2009-18. -- Figure 20.9: CCDC budget and its share in government ; health expenditure: 2009-19. -- Figure 20.10: Government expenditure on public health and the local share of government public health expenditure: 2013-19. -- Table 3.1: Number of IECLG (2015) and CUGI (2018) winners and finalists by province and innovation type. -- Table 7.1: Australian Government Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development (DIRD): Australian classification of local governments. -- Table 7.2: NSW: Principal institutions of state-local relations. -- Table 7.3: 2020-21 Australian local government revenue by jurisdiction, type (%) and per capita (AUD million).; Table 7.4: 2021-22 Australian local government expenditure by jurisdiction, type (%) and total (AUD million). -- Table 8.1: List of central and local government shared tasks in basic public services, basic standards and division of expenditure responsibilities. -- Table 8.2: The classification of budgetary units (2017). -- Table 8.3: Slowing economic growth and fiscal trends under the 'new normal'. -- Table 8.4: Recent changes in revenue, expenditure, and transfers (annual growth, price-adjusted). -- Table 8.5: Planned changes in dibao programs in Jiangxi province for 2020. -- Table 9.1: Underlying cash balance, as at 2019-20 and 2020-21 budgets. -- Table 9.2: Recent trade tensions between Australia and China. -- Table 9.A1: Commonwealth Government general government key budget parameters, 1996-97 to 2024-25. -- Table 10.1: Indicators used by central agencies in China. -- Table 10.2: Indicators of program evaluation. -- Table 10.3: Managerial indicators for provincial BPM adoption. -- Table 10.4: Program performance indicators in Guangzhou, 2020. -- Table 10.5: Comparisons of three stages of BPM in China. -- Table 10.6: Use of PI in Guangzhou (2020). -- Table 11.1: Performance contract signed between Feng county and one of its townships in Shaanxi province, 2017 (excerpts*). -- Table 12.1: Evaluation in the Australian Public Service (APS) 1990-2020. -- Table 13.1: Political and meritocratic indicators in the evaluation of party and government leading cadres. -- Table 14.1: Sample characteristics. -- Table 14.2: Mean comparisons. -- Table 14.3: Standardised effects of meritocracy on professional autonomy. -- Table 14.4: Standardised effects of meritocracy on public responsiveness. -- Table 15.1: APS classification profiles, 1980-2020. -- Table 18.1: Cooperation, coordination and collaboration: Definitions and characteristics.; Table 18.2: Strength (by staff numbers) of the 12 largest departments in the Hong Kong Government, 2020. -- Table 19.1: Needs and supply of community-based services (2015). -- Table 19.2: Performance targets set by the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-20). -- Table 20.1: Composition of government health expenditure in the general budget (RMB billion). -- Table 20.2: Reasons for poverty for 89 million rural poor in China in 2013. -- Table 20.3: Breakdown of revenues for different types of medical institutions in 2019. -- Table 21.1: Incentives and conditions for the layering process. -- Table 21.2: Actors in the Safeguard Happiness Station Project. -- Preface -- Contributors -- 1. The new global realities: Escalating tensions and colliding world views despite similar challenges and regime dilemmas -- Part 1: Intergovernmental relations -- 2. 'One country, two systems' in transition -- 3. Vertical power structure and policy experimentation in Xi's China -- 4. Revitalising local capacity in Taiwan: Institutional arrangements, consequences and prospects -- 5. The revival of Australian federalism? Trends and developments in Commonwealth-state relations -- 6. Federal financial relations in Australia -- 7. Local government in Australia: An overview and strategic directions -- Part 2: Budgeting and financial management -- 8. The state of local public finance in China under Xi Jinping -- 9. Australia's financial ; management challenges post‑COVID -- 10. Performance budgeting in China -- 11. China's approach to performance management and future directions -- 12. Evaluation in the Australian Public Service: What can the case of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade tell us about an enduring challenge for public administration? -- Part 3: The civil service -- 13. Political meritocracy in Chinese cadre personnel management.; 14. Change and continuity in the civil service of Taiwan under democratisation: With Hong Kong as a benchmark for assessment.
• Sommario/riassunto: This book draws on more than a decade of workshops organised by the Greater China Australia Dialogue on Public Administration, involving scholars and practitioners from Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Australia.