1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910788520303321

Autore

Segalotto Jean-François

Titolo

Measures of Central Bank Autonomy : : Empirical Evidence for OECD, Developing, and Emerging Market Economies / / Jean-François Segalotto, Marco Arnone, Bernard Laurens

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006

ISBN

1-4623-8914-7

1-4527-5518-3

1-282-39187-9

9786613820303

1-4519-0941-1

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (39 p.)

Collana

IMF Working Papers

Altri autori (Persone)

ArnoneMarco

LaurensBernard

Soggetti

Banks and banking, Central - Law and legislation - Developing countries

Banks and banking, Central - Law and legislation - OECD countries

Monetary policy - Developing countries

Monetary policy - OECD countries

Banks and Banking

Finance: General

Public Finance

Central Banks and Their Policies

Banks

Depository Institutions

Micro Finance Institutions

Mortgages

General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data)

Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General

Monetary Policy

Banking

Finance

Public finance & taxation

Emerging and frontier financial markets

Central bank autonomy

Central bank legislation

Legal support in revenue administration

Financial markets

Central banks



Revenue administration

Banks and banking

Financial services industry

Revenue

Mexico

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

"October 2006."

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references.

Nota di contenuto

""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION AND DATA""; ""II. UPDATED INDICATORS OF CENTRAL BANK AUTONOMY IN SELECTED OECD COUNTRIES""; ""III. AUTONOMY INDICATORS FOR EMERGING MARKETS AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES""; ""IV. PROGRESS TOWARDS AUTONOMY IN EMERGING MARKETS AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES""; ""V. OVERVIEW OF INDICATORS AND STANDARDIZED RESULTS""; ""VI. CONCLUDING REMARKS""; ""LEGAL SOURCES CONSULTED""; ""CUKIERMAN VARIABLES VERSUS GMT VARIABLES""; ""REFERENCES""

Sommario/riassunto

This paper presents an update of the Grilli-Masciandaro-Tabellini (GMT) index of central bank (CB) autonomy, based on CB legislation as of end-2003. The index is applied to a set of OECD and developing countries, and emerging market economies. For a smaller set of countries, the paper presents a reconstruction of the GMT index based on Cukierman (1992) and assesses changes in CB autonomy between 1992 and 2003. The results point to a significant increase in CB autonomy, in particular for developing countries. In most cases, this improvement has involved a three-stage process: an initial stage in which the political foundations for CB autonomy are laid; a second stage in which operational autonomy develops; and a final stage in which CBs gain further political autonomy in terms of policy formulation and the appointment of senior management.



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910786751503321

Autore

Adeola Francis O. <1956->

Titolo

Industrial disasters, toxic waste, and community impacts : the health effects and environmental justice struggles around the globe / / Francis Ọlajide Adeọla

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Lanham : , : Lexington Books, , [2012]

©2012

ISBN

1-322-06449-0

0-7391-4748-X

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (315 p.)

Disciplina

363.11

Soggetti

Industrial accidents - Social aspects

Hazardous wastes - Social aspects

Environmental health

Environmental justice

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

Dedication; Contents; Figures; Tables; Photospread; Abbreviations; Preface; Acknowledgments; Part I: Hazardous Wastes, Theories of Industrial Disasters, and Population at Risk; Chapter 1: Sociology of Hazardous Wastes, Unnatural Disasters, and Health Risks; Chapter 2: Hazardous and Toxic Wastes: Modern Social Problem or Plague of Our Time?; Chapter 3: Theories of Industrial Accidents, Disasters, and Catastrophes; Chapter 4: Classification and Characterization of Hazardous Wastes; Part II: E-Wastes, Persistent Organic Pollutants, and Health Effects

Chapter 5: Electronic Waste: The Detritus of the High-Tech RevolutionChapter 6: The Hazards and Environmental Health Risks of Persistent Organic Pollutants; Part III: Contaminated Communities, National and Transnational Regulatory Responses; Chapter 7: Cases of Communities Contaminated by Industrial Disasters and Toxic Wastes; Chapter 8: National and Transnational Regulatory Frameworks; Part IV: Conclusion; Chapter 9: From Local to Global Environmental Justice Movements; Appendix I: Principles of Environmental Justice (PEJ);



Glossary; Bibliography; Index; About the Author

Sommario/riassunto

<span><span>In the post-World War II period, modern societies have developed numerous heterogeneous synthetic organic compounds released into the environment and human habitats. This book addresses the threats posed by these contaminants and other hazardous wastes to human health and the health of other species in the environment.</span></span>