| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910788234403321 |
|
|
Autore |
Danninger Stephan |
|
|
Titolo |
Inflation Smoothing and the Modest Effect of VAT in Germany / / Stephan Danninger, Alina Carare |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pubbl/distr/stampa |
|
|
Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ISBN |
|
1-4623-5882-9 |
1-4527-9650-5 |
1-4518-7033-7 |
9786612841262 |
1-282-84126-2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Descrizione fisica |
|
1 online resource (23 p.) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Collana |
|
IMF Working Papers |
IMF working paper ; ; WP/08/175 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Altri autori (Persone) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Disciplina |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Soggetti |
|
Inflation (Finance) - Germany |
Value-added tax - Germany |
Inflation (Finance) - Germany - Econometric models |
Value-added tax - Germany - Econometric models |
Inflation |
Macroeconomics |
Taxation |
Price Level |
Deflation |
Business Taxes and Subsidies |
Macroeconomics: Consumption |
Saving |
Wealth |
Public finance & taxation |
Value-added tax |
Consumer price indexes |
Consumption |
Price adjustments |
Prices |
Spendings tax |
Price indexes |
Economics |
Germany |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lingua di pubblicazione |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
|
|
|
|
|
Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
|
|
|
|
|
Note generali |
|
Description based upon print version of record. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nota di bibliografia |
|
Includes bibliographical references. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nota di contenuto |
|
Contents; I. Introduction; II. Stylized Facts and Rationale for Inflation Smoothing; III. Empirical Analysis; IV. Conclusions; References; Appendix; I. Data; II. Method; III. Calculating The Effect on Core Inflation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sommario/riassunto |
|
Increases in German core inflation following the 2007 VAT hike were smaller than expected, leading to speculation about delayed inflationary effects. This paper argues to the contrary that price increases in advance of the VAT hike explain the small increase upon implementation. We find that core inflation rose by 0.36 percentage point in the run up and by a further 0.40 percentage point at the time of the VAT hike. Cumulatively, the tax hike contributed to two thirds of the increase in core inflation in 2006-07 at an estimated pass-through of 73 percent. Most of the increase in 2006 was of general nature, while about one sixth can be attributed to durable goods and items with low degree of competition. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910777362003321 |
|
|
Titolo |
Atherosclerosis and autoimmunity [[electronic resource] /] / editors, Yehuda Shoenfeld, Dror Harats, George Wick |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pubbl/distr/stampa |
|
|
Amsterdam ; ; New York, : Elsevier, 2001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ISBN |
|
1-281-05970-6 |
9786611059705 |
0-08-052765-5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Descrizione fisica |
|
1 online resource (395 p.) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Altri autori (Persone) |
|
ShoenfeldYehuda <1948-> |
HaratsDror |
WickG (Georg) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Disciplina |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Soggetti |
|
Atherosclerosis - Immunological aspects |
Autoimmunity |
Atherosclerosis - Pathogenesis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lingua di pubblicazione |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
|
|
|
|
|
Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
|
|
|
|
|
Note generali |
|
"Section V: Anti-endothelial cell antibodies and atherosclerosis / edited by Pierre Youinou and Pier-Lugi Meroni." |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nota di bibliografia |
|
Includes bibliographical references and index. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nota di contenuto |
|
Front Cover; Atherosclerosis and Autoimmunity; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; List of Contributors; Introduction: Autoimmunity as an Additional 'Risk Factor' for Artherosclerosis; Part I: Autoimmunity and Atherosclerosis; Chapter 1. The Autoimmune Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis - an Evolutionary-Darwinian Concept; Chapter 2. Autoimmune Aspects of Atherosclerosis; Part II: Pathogenetic Immune Mechanism of Atherosclerosis; Chapter 3. The Role of Macrophage Scavenger Receptors in Atherogenesis |
Chapter 4. CD36, the Macrophage Class B Scavenger Receptor: Regulation and Role in AtherosclerosisChapter 5. Atherosclerosis, Matrix-Metalloproteinases (MMPs) and Ischemia/Hypoxia; Chapter 6. Ceramide Pathway and Apoptosis in Autoimmunity and Atherosclerosis; Chapter 7. a a-Defensins: Potential Link between Inflammation, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis; Chapter 8. Lipids and Immunity; Part III: Infections, Immunity and Atherosclerosis; Chapter 9. Immune Activation Augments Infection-Dependent Atherogenesis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chapter 10. Host Response Differences to Infection May Affect Disease Susceptibility in Atherosclerotic PatientsChapter 11. The Role of Chronic Infection in Atherosclerosis; Part IV: Atherosclerosis Related Autoantibodies; Chapter 12. Atherosclerosis: Evidence for the Role of Autoimmunity; Chapter 13. Oxidized Autoantigens in Atherosclerosis; Chapter 14. Autoantibodies against Oxidized Palmitoyl Arachidonoyl Phosphocholine in Atherosclerosis; Chapter 15. Autoantibodies to Endothelial Cells and Oxidized LDL in Human Atherosclerosis and Hypertension |
Chapter 16. Technical and Clinical Aspects about Autoantibody Assays for Oxidized Low Density LipoproteinChapter 17. Is There a Role for Paraoxonase in Atherosclerosis and in Antiphospholipid Syndrome?; Chapter 18. Anti-Prothrombin Antibodies in Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis; Chapter 19. Detection of Cellular Activity in Atherosclerosis by the Novel Cellscan System; Part V: Anti-Endothelial Cell Antibodies (AECA) and Atherosclerosis Section Editors: Pierre Youinou and Pier-Luigi Meroni; Chapter 20. Pathogenicity of Antiendothelial Cell Autoantibodies |
Chapter 21. Functional Heterogeneity of Pathogenic Anti-Endothelial Cell AntibodiesChapter 22. The Aspect of Anti-Proteinase 3 Antibodies as AECA; Chapter 23. Anti-Endothelial Cell Antibodies (AECA) in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Clinical Relevance; Chapter 24. Endothelial Cell Dysfunction in Atherosclerosis and Autoimmunity; Chapter 25. Modulation of Endothelial Cell Function by Normal Poly specific Human Immunoglobulins (IVIg); Part VI: Accelerated Atherosclerosis in Disease; Chapter 26. Cardiovascular Morbidity in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort |
Chapter 27. Atherosclerosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Clinical Relevance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sommario/riassunto |
|
Presenting further studies in the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease, this book brings together the knowledge accrued in the past decade concerning the role of immunity in the initiation and perpetuation of atherosclerosis. A strong group of international contributors summarize the diverse aspects of the interrelationship between the immune system and atherosclerosis. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |