WHO Expert Consultation on Rabies : second report / / World Health Organization

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910787888803321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Geneva, Switzerland : , : World Health Organization, , [2013]; ©2013
• ISBN: 92-4-069094-8
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (149 p.)
• Collana: WHO technical report series, , 0512-3054 ; ; 982
• Disciplina: 636.089
• Soggetti: Rabies
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: "This report contains the collective views of an international group of experts and does not necessarily represent the decision or the stated policy of the World Health Organization"--T.p.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover; Contents; Introduction; 1. The burden of rabies; 1.1 Methods for estimating the burden of rabies; 1.2 Estimated burden of rabies in the world; 1.2.1 Countries that are free of canine rabies; 1.2.2 Countries in which canine rabies is endemic; 1.2.3 Vampire bat rabies; 1.3 Global summary; 1.4 References; 2. Classification of lyssaviruses; 2.1 Distinguishing features of lyssaviruses; 2.2 Criteria for differentiating between lyssaviruses; 2.3 Present structure of the Lyssavirus genus; 2.4 References; 3. Pathogenesis; 3.1 References; 4. Diagnosis; 4.1 Standard case definitions for rabies; 4.2 Clinical diagnosis4.3 Biosafety, sampling and specimen transport for laboratory diagnosis; 4.3.1 Biosafety; 4.3.2 Sampling for intra-vitam diagnosis in humans; 4.3.3 Sampling for post-mortem diagnosis in humans and animals; 4.3.4 Transport of specimens; 4.4 Laboratory techniques for post-mortem diagnosis of rabies; 4.4.1 Viral antigen detection; 4.4.2 Virus isolation; 4.4.3 Viral RNA detection; 4.5 Techniques for intra-vitam diagnosis of rabies in humans; 4.5.1 Viral antigen detection; 4.5.2 Viral antibody detection; 4.5.3 Viral RNA detection; 4.5.4 Virus isolation; 4.6 Virus identification with molecular techniques: epidemiological considerations4.7 References; 5. Management of patients before and after death; 5.1 Rabies survivors and treatment protocols; 5.2 Clinical ; management of rabies patients; 5.3 Transmission via organ transplantation; 5.4 Recommendations for health care personnel and patients' family members; 5.5 Management of the bodies of patients who have died of rabies; 5.6 References; 6. Vaccines and rabies immunoglobulin for humans; 6.1 Vaccine types; 6.1.1 Cell culture and embryonated egg-based rabies vaccines; 6.1.2 Nerve tissue vaccines; 6.2 WHO prequalification of human rabies vaccines6.3 Requirements for human rabies vaccines; 6.3.1 Potency requirements, tests and standards; 6.3.2 Characterization and evaluation of rabies vaccines; 6.4 Routes of vaccine administration; 6.5 Adverse events after active immunization; 6.6 Duration of immunity; 6.7 Rabies vaccine and full post-exposure prophylaxis failures; 6.8 Rabies immunoglobulins; 6.9 References; 7. Vaccines for animals; 7.1 Vaccine types; 7.1.1 Vaccines for domestic animals; 7.2 Potency requirements for animal rabies vaccines; 7.2.1 Inactivated animal rabies vaccines; 7.2.2 Animal rabies vaccines for oral vaccination7.3 Safety of animal vaccines; 7.3.1 Vaccines for parenteral use; 7.3.2 Vaccines for oral use; 7.4 Parenteral rabies vaccination; 7.5 References; 8. Prevention of human rabies; 8.1 General considerations; 8.2 Pre-exposure prophylaxis; 8.3 Post-exposure prophylaxis; 8.3.1 Local treatment of wounds; 8.3.2 Categories of exposure and post-exposure prophylaxis (Annex 5); 8.3.3 WHO-recommended post-exposure prophylaxis regimens; 8.3.4 Short post-exposure prophylaxis for previously vaccinated individuals; 8.4 Requirements for periodic booster injections
• Sommario/riassunto: More than 99% of all human rabies deaths occur in the developing world and although effective and economical control measures are available the disease has not been brought under control throughout most of the affected countries. Given that a major factor in the low level of commitment to rabies control is a lack of accurate data on the true public health impact of the disease this report of a WHO Expert Consultation begins by providing new data on the estimated burden of the disease and its distribution in the world. It also reviews recent progress in the classification of rabies viruses rabi