1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910452761403321

Titolo

Arctic shorebirds in North America [[electronic resource] ] : a decade of monitoring / / Jonathan Bart and Victoria Johnston, editors

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Berkeley, : University of California Press, 2012

ISBN

1-282-13418-3

9786613806765

0-520-95349-5

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (317 p.)

Collana

Studies in avian biology ; ; no. 44

Altri autori (Persone)

BartJonathan

JohnstonVictoria Helen <1962->

Disciplina

598.3/309719

Soggetti

Shore birds - Canada, Northern

Shore birds - Alaska

Bird surveys - Canada, Northern

Bird surveys - Alaska

Electronic books.

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

"A publication of the Cooper Ornithological Society."

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

pt. 1. Introduction -- pt. 2. Regional aspects -- pt. 3. Methodology -- pt. 4. Synthesis.

Sommario/riassunto

Each year shorebirds from North and South America migrate thousands of miles to spend the summer in the Arctic. There they feed in shoreline marshes and estuaries along some of the most productive and pristine coasts anywhere. With so much available food they are able to reproduce almost explosively; and as winter approaches, they retreat south along with their offspring, to return to the Arctic the following spring. This remarkable pattern of movement and activity has been the object of intensive study by an international team of ornithologists who have spent a decade counting, surveying, and observing these shorebirds. In this important synthetic work, they address multiple questions about these migratory bird populations. How many birds occupy Arctic ecosystems each summer? How long do visiting shorebirds linger before heading south? How fecund are these birds? Where exactly do they migrate and where exactly do they return? Are



their populations growing or shrinking? The results of this study are crucial for better understanding how environmental policies will influence Arctic habitats as well as the far-ranging winter habitats used by migratory shorebirds.

2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910787437403321

Autore

Butler Patrick (Lawyer)

Titolo

Key case law rules for government contract formation / / Patrick Butler, Lieutenant Colonel

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Vienna, Virginia : , : Management Concepts, , 2014

©2014

ISBN

1-5230-9696-9

1-56726-450-6

Edizione

[1st edition]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (304 p.)

Disciplina

346.73023

Soggetti

Government purchasing - Law and legislation - United States

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Includes index.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

Title Page; Copyright; About the Author; Dedication; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; Acronyms; INTRODUCTION; The Protest Forums and the Process; THE KEY CASE LAW RULES BROKEN DOWN BY PROTEST GROUND; Chapter 1. Protest Grounds Alleging That the Government Is Wrongfully Preventing Competition; 1. Lack of Advance Planning; 2. Improper or Unsupported Use of an Exception to Competition; A. Exception 1: Only One Responsible Source; B. Exception 2: Unusual and Compelling Urgency; C. Exception 3: Industrial Mobilization; D. Exception 4: International Agreement

E. Exception 5: Authorized or Required by StatuteF. Exception 6: National Security; G. Exception 7: Public Interest; 3. Contract Was Modified Beyond the Scope; 4. Reprocurement Contract Did Not Seek Competition; Chapter 2. Protest Grounds Based on the Government's Description of the Requirement; 1. Ambiguities in the Solicitation: Patent and Latent; 2. Improper Use of "Brand Name or Equal" Descriptions; 3. Defective or Inadequate Specifications; 4. Unduly



Restrictive Specifications; 5. Changed Requirements and Solicitation Amendments

Chapter 3. Protest Grounds Challenging the Government's Exercise of Discretion or the Government's Conduct of the Competition1. Agency's Commercial Item Determination; 2. Responsibility Determinations; 3. Negotiated Procurements: Tradeoff Process; 4. Competitive Range; 5. Evaluation in Strict Accordance with the Solicitation; 6. Evaluation Team; 7. Relative Importance of Factors and Subfactors in a Solicitation; 8. Past Performance; A. Past Performance Generally; B. Subground 1: Improper Evaluation of Relevance of Past Work

C. Subground 2: Improper Evaluation of Key Personnel, Predecessor Companies, Subcontractors, or TeamsD. Subground 3: Neutral Ratings for Lack of Past Performance; E. Subground 4: Improper Evaluation of Adverse Information; F. Subground 5: Disparate Treatment; G. Subground 6: Government Did Not Seek Enough Information; H. Subground 7: Ignoring Information That Is "Too Close at Hand"; 9. Proposals Submitted Late; 10. Material Misrepresentation: Bait and Switch; 11. Unacceptable or Noncompliant Proposals; 12. Preference for Sealed Bidding over Negotiated Procurements

Chapter 4. Protest Grounds Based on the Communications Between the Government and Offerors1. Clarifications; 2. Discussions; Chapter 5. Protest Grounds Based on Pricing Issues; 1. Buying-in or Below-Cost Prices; 2. Price or Cost Evaluation; 3. Price Reasonableness and Price Realism; Chapter 6. Protest Grounds Based on Small Business Issues; 1. Bundling and Consolidation; 2. Limitations on Subcontracting; 3. HUBZone Contracting Procedures; 4. Certificate of Competency; 5. SBA's 8(a) Program; 6. Small Business Set-Aside Decision; 7. Small Business Status Determination

Chapter 7. Protest Grounds Alleging Unfair Government Conduct

Sommario/riassunto

The guidance contained in the almost 2000 pages of the Federal Acquisition Regulation and the various agency supplements are just a part of the resources government acquisition professionals need to do their jobs effectively. Accessing and understanding case law is equally important to a thorough understanding of government contracting. Legal decisions explain the Government Accountability Office's and the courts' views on how procurement statutes and regulations apply in a wide range of situations. Case law also gives potential bid protesters and agencies a way to gauge the likely outcome of