Oil in the environment : legacies and lessons of the Exxon Valdez oil spill / / edited by John A. Wiens, PRBO Conservation Science, California and The University of Western Australia, Perth [[electronic resource]]

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910787331903321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cambridge : , : Cambridge University Press, , 2013
• ISBN: 1-107-27251-3; 1-316-09016-7; 1-107-27399-4; 1-107-27848-1; 1-107-27523-7; 1-139-22533-2
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (xxvii, 458 pages) : digital, PDF file(s)
• Disciplina: 363.738/2097983
• Soggetti: Petroleum - Environmental aspects; Oil spills - Cleanup; Oil pollution of soils; Shore protection; Oil pollution of the sea; Oil spills - Cleanup - Alaska - Prince William Sound Region; Exxon Valdez Oil Spill, Alaska, 1989
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015).
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Contents; Contributors; Use of acronyms; Acknowledgments; A bibliographic note; References; Prologue; References; Part I Introduction and background; Introduction; Chapter one Introduction and background; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The setting: the northern Gulf of Alaska and Prince William Sound; 1.2.1 Geography and geology; 1.2.2 The environment; 1.2.3 Human history; 1.3 The event: the Exxon Valdez oil spill; 1.3.1 What is crude oil?; 1.3.2 What happened to the oil?; 1.3.3 Other sources of oil; 1.4 Documenting exposure pathways; 1.5 The context: regulations, definitions, and litigation; 1.6 ConclusionsReferences; Chapter two The phases of an oil spill and ; scientific studies of spill effects; 2.1 Introduction and overview; 2.2 The phases of an oil spill; 2.3 Studies in Phase 1: release and immediate response; 2.3.1 Issues addressed; 2.3.2 Data collection; 2.4 Studies in Phase 2: cleanup; 2.4.1 Issues addressed; 2.4.2 Data collection; 2.5 Studies in Phase 3: recovery; 2.5.1 Issues addressed; 2.5.2 Data collection; 2.6 Lessons learned; References; Part II Oil in the environment; Introduction; Chapter Three Oil in the water column; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Overview of oil in the water column3.2.1 Petroleum: chemicals, behavior, and key processes; 3.2.2 Release scenarios and ephemeral data; 3.2.3 Key processes and environmental factors; 3.2.4 Sampling strategies: the four-dimensional approach; 3.2.4.1 Selection of sampling locations; 3.2.4.2 Sampling baseline locations; 3.2.5 Sampling and data collection methods; 3.2.5.1 Oceanographic characterization; 3.2.5.2 Direct water sampling; 3.2.5.3 Passive samplers; 3.2.6 Analysis for hydrocarbons; 3.3 The Exxon Valdez oil spill; 3.3.1 Water sampling programs; 3.3.2 Data for water samples, 1989-2005; 3.3.2.1 Data sources3.3.2.2 Data presentation and discussion; 3.3.2.3 Estimated water TPAH concentrations from mussel-tissue data; 3.3.2.4 Baseline water TPAH; 3.3.2.5 Value of the water-sampling program; 3.4 Comparison with the Deepwater Horizon oil spill; 3.5 Lessons learned; References; Chapter Four Surveying oil on the shoreline; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Background and survey objectives; 4.3 The SCAT process; 4.3.1 Step 1: Detection and documentation of shoreline oiling in 1989; 4.3.1.1 Aerial reconnaissance and videotape mapping (April); 4.3.1.2 Detailed ground SCAT (April-September); 4.3.2 Step 2: SCAT support to shoreline cleanup in 19894.3.3 Step 3: Postcleanup shoreline inspections and monitoring in winter 1989/90; 4.4 Shoreline surveys 1990 and later; 4.5 The legacy: SCAT in 2011; 4.6 Lessons learned; In Memoriam; References; Chapter Five Ancient sites and emergency response: cultural resource protection; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Exxon Cultural Resource Program; 5.2.1 A cooperative approach; 5.2.2 Cultural resource site data before 1989; 5. 3 Methods; 5.3.1 Studies of 14C dating contamination by crude oil; 5.3.2 Cultural resource constraints; 5.3.3 Training and educational programs
• Sommario/riassunto: What light does nearly 25 years of scientific study of the Exxon Valdez oil spill shed on the fate and effects of a spill? How can the results help in assessing future spills? How can ecological risks be assessed and quantified? In this, the first book on the effects of Exxon Valdez in 15 years, scientists directly involved in studying the spill provide a comprehensive perspective on, and synthesis of, scientific information on long-term spill effects. The coverage is multidisciplinary, with chapters discussing a range of issues including effects on biota, successes and failures of post-spill studies and techniques, and areas of continued disagreement. An even-handed and critical examination of more than two decades of scientific study, this is an invaluable guide for studying future oil spills and, more broadly, for unraveling the consequences of any large environmental disruption. For access to a full bibliography of related publications, follow the Resources link at www.cambridge.org/9781107027176.