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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910787248203321 |
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Autore |
Mendes Marcos |
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Titolo |
Inequality, democracy and growth in Brazil : a country at the crossroads of economic development / / Marcos Mendes |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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London, England : , : Elsevier : , : AP, , 2015 |
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©2015 |
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ISBN |
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Edizione |
[First edition.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (281 p.) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Equality - Brazil |
Brazil Economic conditions 1985- |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Front Cover; Inequality, Democracy, and Growth in Brazil: A Country at the Crossroads of EconomicDevelopment; Copyright; Contents; Foreword; Disclaimers; About the Author; Acknowledgments; Dedication; Introduction; Chapter 1; Chapter 2; Chapter 3; Chapter 4; Chapter 5; Chapter 6; Reference; Chapter 1: Low Economic Growth and its Proximate Causes; 1.1 . Introduction; 1.2 . Sources of economic growth 1 ; 1.3 . The Brazilian economy during the military government (1964-1984) and the transition to democracy; 1.4 . Low growth; 1.5 . Proximate causes for low growth in 10 stylized facts |
1.5.1 . STYLIZED FACT 1: Current Governmental non-Financial Expenditures have Steadily Grown1.5.2 . STYLIZED FACT 2: The Tax Burden had to be Raised to Finance Increasing Expenditures; 1.5.3 . STYLIZED FACT 3: Tax Increases were not Sufficient to Finance Growing Expenditures and, as a Consequence, Public ...; 1.5.4 . STYLIZED FACT 4: High Interest Rates; 1.5.5 . STYLIZED FACT 5: Infrastructure Bottlenecks; 1.5.6 . STYLIZED FACT 6: Skyrocketing Minimum Wage; 1.5.7 . STYLIZED FACT 7: The Brazilian Economy is Closed to International Trade |
1.5.8 . STYLIZED FACT 8: Judicial Uncertainty and Poor Protection of Property Rights1.5.9 . STYLIZED FACT 9: A Large Number of Small and Informal Companies Drive Average Productivity Down; 1.5.10 . STYLIZED FACT 10: Educational Backwardness; 1.6 . The story behind |
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low growth; Annex 1A .1. The Main Electoral and Political Institutions in the New Brazilian Democracy; References; Chapter 2: Inequality; 2.1 . Introduction; 2.2 . The composition of inequality; 2.3 . The fall of inequality since the mid-1990s; 2.4 . Will inequality continue to fall? |
2.5 . Are social policies effective in reducing inequality?2.6 . Did inequality only begin to fall more intensely as of 2001?; 2.7 . Social stratification after two decades of poverty and inequality reduction; 2.8 . Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Redistribution to the Rich; 3.1 . Introduction; 3.2 . What does economic theory have to say?; 3.3 . Inequality, extractive institutions, and rent seeking in Brazil; 3.4 . Evidence of redistribution to the rich in Brazil; 3.4.1 . Slow and Inefficient Judicial System; 3.4.2 . Regulatory Agency Weakness; 3.4.3 . Privileged Access to Public Credit |
BndesConstitutional Funds; State-Company-Sponsored Pension Funds; Political Connections and Access to Credit; 3.4.4 . Protection of National Industry; Arguments in Favor of Industrial Protection; Critiques of Industrial Protection; Why Is Industrial Protection so Resistant?; References; Chapter 4: Redistribution to the Poor; 4.1 . Introduction; 4.2 . What does economic theory have to say?; 4.3 . The fiscal impact of income transfer to the poor; 4.4 . Expansion of public education for the poor and its Fiscal impact; 4.5 . Expansion of public health to the poor and its fiscal impact |
4.6 . Conclusions |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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In terms accessible to non-economists, Marcos José Mendes describes the ways democracy and inequality produce low growth in the short and medium terms. In the longer term, he argues that Brazil has two paths in front of it. One is to create the conditions necessary to boost economic performance and drive the country toward a high level of development. The other is to fail in untying the political knot that blocks growth, leaving it a middle-income country. The source of his contrasting futures for Brazil is inequality, which he demonstrates is a relevant variable in any discussion of economic |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910778545203321 |
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Titolo |
The SAGE handbook of curriculum and instruction [[electronic resource] /] / editor, F. Michael Connelly ; associate editors, Ming Fang He JoAnn Phillion |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Los Angeles, [Calif.] ; ; London, : SAGE, c2008 |
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ISBN |
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1-78268-920-6 |
1-4522-0885-9 |
1-4129-7657-X |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (xv, 604 p.) |
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Altri autori (Persone) |
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ConnellyF. Michael |
HeMing Fang |
PhillionJoAnn |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Curriculum planning |
Education and state |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and indexes. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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COVER; CONTENTS; INTRODUCTION: PLANNING THE HANDBOOK - Practice, Context, and Theory; PART I: CURRICULUM IN PRACTICE; SECTION A: MAKING CURRICULUM; 1 - CURRICULUM POLICY AND THE POLITICS OF WHAT SHOULD BE LEARNED IN SCHOOLS; 2 - CURRICULUM PLANNING; 3 - MAKING CURRICULA; 4 - SUBJECT MATTER; SECTION B: MANAGING CURRICULUM; 5 - STRUCTURING CURRICULUM; 6 - CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION AND SUSTAINABILITY; 7 - TECHNOLOGY'S ROLE INCURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION; PART II: CURRICULUM IN CONTEXT; SECTION C: DIVERSIFYING CURRICULUM; SECTION C: DIVERSIFYING CURRICULUM; 8 - CURRICULUM AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY |
9 - IDENTITY,COMMUNITY, AND DIVERSITY10 - STUDENTS' EXPERIENCE OF SCHOOL CURRICULUM; 11 - IMMIGRANT STUDENTS' EXPERIENCE OF CURRICULUM; 12 - TEACHING FOR DIVERSITY; SECTION D: TEACHING CURRICULUM; 13 - TEACHER EDUCATION AS A BRIDGE?; 14 - CULTIVATING THE IMAGE OF TEACHERS AS CURRICULUM MAKERS; 15 - TEACHERS' EXPERIENCE OF CURRICULUM; SECTION E: |
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INTERNATIONALIZING CURRICULUM; 16 - INDIGENOUS RESISTANCE AND RENEWAL; 17 - GLOBALIZATION AND CURRICULUM; 18 - COMMUNITY EDUCATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; PART III: CURRICULUM IN THEORY; SECTION F: INQUIRING INTO CURRICULUM; 19 - CURRICULUM INQUIRY |
20 - CURRICULUM POLICY RESEARCH21 - HIDDEN RESEARCH IN CURRICULUM; 22 - REENVISIONING THE PROGRESSIVETRADITION IN CURRICULUM; 23 - WHAT THE SCHOOLS TEACH; 24 - CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE; 25 - CURRICULUM THEORY SINCE 1950; 26 - THE LANDSCAPE OF CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION; AUTHOR INDEX; SUBJECT INDEX; ABOUT THE EDITORS; ABOUT THE PART EDITORS; ABOUT THE CONSULTING AUTHORS; ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This edited work emerges from a concept of curriculum and instruction as a diverse landscape defined and bounded by schools, school boards and their communities, policy, teacher education, and academic research. The book is aimed at lecturers, professors and academics. |
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