1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910787209403321

Autore

Wilson Carol <1962->

Titolo

Freedom at risk : the kidnapping of free Blacks in America, 1780-1865 / / Carol Wilson

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Lexington, Kentucky : , : The University Press of Kentucky, , 2009

©1994

ISBN

0-8131-3351-3

0-8131-4979-7

Edizione

[Paperback edition.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (184 p.)

Disciplina

973/.0496073

Soggetti

African Americans - History - To 1863

Kidnapping - United States - History - 18th century

Kidnapping - United States - History - 19th century

African Americans - Legal status, laws, etc

Slavery - United States

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

Cover; Title; Copyright; Contents; Acknowledgments; Introduction; 1. ""From Their Free Homes into Bondage"": The Abduction of Free Blacks into Slavery; 2. ""The Legitimate Offspring of Slavery"": Kidnappers Who Operated within the Law; 3. ""Leave No Stone Unturned"": Government Assistance to Free Blacks; 4. ""The Thought of Slavery Is Death to a Free Man"": Abolitionist Response to Kidnapping; 5. ""An Almost Sleepless Vigilance"": Black Resistance to Kidnapping; Conclusion; Notes; Bibliography; Index; A; B; C; D; E; F; G; H; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; Q; R; S; T; U; V; W; Z

Sommario/riassunto

Kidnapping was perhaps the greatest fear of free blacks in pre-Civil War America. Though they may have descended from generations of free-born people or worked to purchase their freedom, free blacks were not able to enjoy the privileges and opportunities of white Americans. They lived with the constant threat of kidnapping and enslavement, against which they had little recourse.Most kidnapped free blacks were forcibly abducted, but other methods, such as luring victims with job offers or falsely claiming free people as fugitive slaves,



were used as well. Kidnapping of blacks was actually facil

2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910830625003321

Autore

Davies J (N. John)

Titolo

Semantic Web technologies [[electronic resource] ] : trends and research in ontology-based systems / / John Davies, Rudi Studer, Paul Warren

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Chichester, England ; ; Hoboken, NJ, : John Wiley & Sons, c2006

ISBN

1-280-44888-1

9786610448883

0-470-03033-X

0-470-03034-8

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (328 p.)

Altri autori (Persone)

StuderRudi

WarrenPaul (Paul W.)

Disciplina

004.678

025.04

Soggetti

Semantic Web

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

Semantic Web Technologies; Contents; Foreword; 1. Introduction; 1.1. Semantic Web Technologies; 1.2. The Goal of the Semantic Web; 1.3. Ontologies and Ontology Languages; 1.4. Creating and Managing Ontologies; 1.5. Using Ontologies; 1.6. Applications; 1.7. Developing the Semantic Web; References; 2. Knowledge Discovery for Ontology Construction; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Knowledge Discovery; 2.3. Ontology Definition; 2.4. Methodology for Semi-automatic Ontology Construction; 2.5. Ontology Learning Scenarios; 2.6. Using Knowledge Discovery for Ontology Learning; 2.6.1. Unsupervised Learning

2.6.2. Semi-Supervised, Supervised, and Active Learning2.6.3. Stream Mining and Web Mining; 2.6.4. Focused Crawling; 2.6.5. Data Visualization; 2.7. Related Work on Ontology Construction; 2.8. Discussion and Conclusion; Acknowledgments; References; 3. Semantic Annotation and Human Language Technology; 3.1. Introduction; 3.2. Information Extraction: A Brief Introduction; 3.2.1. Five Types of IE;



3.2.2. Entities; 3.2.3. Mentions; 3.2.4. Descriptions; 3.2.5. Relations; 3.2.6. Events; 3.3. Semantic Annotation; 3.3.1. What is Ontology-Based Information Extraction

3.4. Applying 'Traditional' IE in Semantic Web Applications3.4.1. AeroDAML; 3.4.2. Amilcare; 3.4.3. MnM; 3.4.4. S-Cream; 3.4.5. Discussion; 3.5. Ontology-based IE; 3.5.1. Magpie; 3.5.2. Pankow; 3.5.3. SemTag; 3.5.4. Kim; 3.5.5. KIM Front-ends; 3.6. Deterministic Ontology Authoring using Controlled Language IE; 3.7. Conclusion; References; 4. Ontology Evolution; 4.1. Introduction; 4.2. Ontology Evolution: State-of-the-art; 4.2.1. Change Capturing; 4.2.2. Change Representation; 4.2.3. Semantics of Change; 4.2.4. Change Propagation; 4.2.5. Change Implementation; 4.2.6. Change Validation

4.3. Logical Architecture4.4. Data-driven Ontology Changes; 4.4.1. Incremental Ontology Learning; 4.5. Usage-driven Ontology Changes; 4.5.1. Usage-driven Hierarchy Pruning; 4.6. Conclusion; References; 5. Reasoning With Inconsistent Ontologies: Framework, Prototype, and Experiment; 5.1. Introduction; 5.2. Brief Survey of Approaches to Reasoning with Inconsistency; 5.2.1. Paraconsistent Logics; 5.2.2. Ontology Diagnosis; 5.2.3. Belief Revision; 5.2.4. Synthesis; 5.3. Brief Survey of Causes for Inconsistency in the Semantic Web; 5.3.1. Inconsistency by Mis-representation of Default

5.3.2. Inconsistency Caused by Polysemy5.3.3. Inconsistency through Migration from Another Formalism; 5.3.4. Inconsistency Caused by Multiple Sources; 5.4. Reasoning with Inconsistent Ontologies; 5.4.1. Inconsistency Detection; 5.4.2. Formal Definitions; 5.5. Selection Functions; 5.6. Strategies for Selection Functions; 5.7. Syntactic Relevance-Based Selection Functions; 5.8. Prototype of Pion; 5.8.1. Implementation; 5.8.2. Experiments and Evaluation; 5.8.3. Future Experiments; 5.9. Discussion and Conclusions; Acknowledgment; References; 6. Ontology Mediation, Merging, and Aligning

6.1. Introduction

Sommario/riassunto

The Semantic Web combines the descriptive languages RDF (Resource Description Framework) and OWL (Web Ontology Language), with the data-centric, customizable XML (eXtensible Mark-up Language) to provide descriptions of the content of Web documents. These machine-interpretable descriptions allow more intelligent software systems to be written, automating the analysis and exploitation of web-based information. Software agents will be able to create automatically new services from already published services, with potentially huge implications for models of e-Business. Semantic Web T