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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910786626203321 |
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Autore |
Durand-Charre Madeleine |
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Titolo |
Damascus and pattern-welded steels : forging blades since the iron age / / Madeleine Durand-Charre |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Les Ulis, France : , : EDP Sciences, , [2014] |
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©2014 |
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ISBN |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (223 p.) |
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Collana |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Blacksmithing |
Forge welding |
Knives |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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""Table of contents""; ""Introduction""; ""Aknowledgements""; ""First part : The Blacksmith�s steel spanning four millennia""; ""1 Primitive iron""; ""2 Blacksmith steel before the Christian era""; ""3 The swords of the first millennium AD""; ""4 Did you say Damascus steel, Damascene or damask ?""; ""5 From swords to knives""; ""6 The swords of the second millennium""; ""7 Art and Technology in the third millennium""; ""Second part : Formation of the damask pattern""; ""8 Understanding steels""; ""9 Pattern-welding""; ""10 Moire pattern in wootz type, high carbon steels"" |
""11 Alignments in medium carbon steels""""12 References""; ""13 Index"" |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Steels are a class of materials with multiple and complicated transformations; this is true even for steels of the basic cutlery industry. A damascus steel is a fascinating subject to study, rich in multiple facets, that appears in a first approach as a composite material artistically exploited. Damacus steel was developed in the first millennium AD in India or Sri-Lanka. Its reputation is related to its exceptional properties and to the moire pattern. A similar damask pattern could be obtained by forge-welding giving rise to controversies. Recent findings allow a better understanding of this |
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pattern formation. This book presents firstly, observations of ancient blade samples examined with modern technologies such as electron microscopy. The features of many typical swords from different periods are discussed: Celtic, Merovingian, Viking and oriental wootz swords, Persian shamshirs, Japanese katana, rapiers etc. In the second part, microstructural observations at different levels of magnification are displayed and their interpretation is discussed in detail, thus revealing the secret of sophisticated forgings. One chapter is devoted to introducing the main transformations undergone by these steels during the forging processes. The book is intended for all those people interested in the history of science and more specifically to the metallurgists, to the archaeologists and all the researchers confronted with the problems of the expertise of the vestiges, to the blacksmiths, and to the collectors of valuable artistic blades. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910830799103321 |
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Titolo |
On-line LC-NMR and related techniques [[electronic resource] /] / edited by Klaus Albert |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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New York, : J. Wiley & Sons, c2002 |
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ISBN |
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1-280-27011-X |
9786610270118 |
0-470-31452-4 |
0-470-85481-2 |
0-470-85482-0 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (308 p.) |
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Altri autori (Persone) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy |
Liquid chromatography |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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On-Line LC-NMR and Related Techniques; Contents; Contributors; |
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Preface; 1 LC-NMR: Theory and Experiment; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 NMR in a Flowing Liquid; 1.3 Design of Continuous-Flow NMR Probes; 1.4 Experimental Arrangement for HPLC-(1)H NMR Coupling; 1.5 Practical Considerations, Solvent Suppression Techniques, Gradient Elution and Purity of HPLC Solvents; 1.5.1 Solvent Signal Suppression; 1.5.2 Purity of HPLC-Grade Solvents; References; 2 LC-NMR: Automation; 2.1 Practical Use of LC-NMR and LC-NMR/MS; 2.2 Different Working Modes in LC-NMR; 2.2.1 On-Flow; 2.2.2 Direct Stop-Flow |
2.2.3 Loop Storage/Loop Transfer2.2.4 Conclusions; 2.3 Use of Mass Spectrometry in the Set-Up; 2.4 Measurement Procedures; 2.4.1 Sample Preparation and Introduction ('Injection') into the Chromatography System; 2.4.2 Chromatographic Separation; 2.4.3 Peak Detection and Selection; 2.4.4 Mass Spectrometric Measurements; 2.4.5 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurements; 2.4.6 Sample Recovery; 2.5 Conclusions; References; 3 Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications of HPLC-NMR and HPLC-NMR-MS; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Technical and Operational Overview; 3.3 Applications in Combinatorial Chemistry |
3.4 Application to Chemical Impurities3.5 Application to Chiral Separations of Pharmaceutical Mixtures; 3.6 Application to Natural Products; 3.7 Application to Chemical Reactivity of Drug Glucuronides; 3.8 Application to Futile Deacetylation Reactions; 3.9 Application to Trapping of Reactive Intermediates; 3.10 Application to Uptake and Transformation of Xenobiotics by Plants; 3.11 Separation of Lipoproteins and their Characterisation using HPLC-NMR; 3.12 Superheated-Water HPLC-NMR and HPLC-NMR-MS Studies on Pharmaceuticals |
3.13 Application of Hypernation to a Mixture of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs3.14 Concluding Remarks; References; 4 Application of On-Line LC-NMR and Related Techniques to Drug Metabolism Studies; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 LC-NMR Techniques; 4.2.1 Continuous-Flow LC-NMR; 4.2.2 Time-Slice LC-NMR; 4.2.3 Stop-Flow LC-NMR; 4.2.4 Loop-Storage; 4.2.5 LC-NMR-MS; 4.3 Application of LC-NMR-MS to Drug Metabolism: The Structure Elucidation of Rat Urinary Metabolites of Efavirenz by LC-NMR-MS; 4.3.1 Experimental; 4.3.2 Results; 4.4 Conclusions; References; 5 LC-NMR for Natural Products Analysis |
5.1 Application of LC-NMR and LC-NMR-MS Hyphenation to Natural Products Analysis5.1.1 Introduction; 5.1.1.1 General Aspects; 5.1.1.2 Applications; 5.1.2 Application of LC-NMR-MS to Glycosidic Natural Products of Marine Origin; 5.1.2.1 Introduction - Need for LC-NMR; 5.1.2.2 Methodology: On-Flow LC-NMR-MS Screening; 5.1.2.3 NMR - Structural Information; 5.1.2.4 Mass Spectrometry and D-H Back-Exchange Experiments; 5.1.2.5 Stop-Flow Experiments; 5.1.2.6 Complimentary Structural Information of NMR and MS; 5.1.2.7 Conclusions; 5.1.3 Acknowledgements; References |
5.2 Hyphenation of Modern Extraction Techniques to LC-NMR for the Analysis of Geometrical Carotenoid Isomers in Functional Food and Biological Tissues |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This book gives a comprehensive overview of the basis and the current applications of LC-NMR and related techniques. It deals with the practical aspects of the hardware and software set-up for a successful performance of on-line coupling experiments. It covers the solution of real-word problems from the fields of biomedical, pharmaceutical and environmental studies as well as the analysis of natural products and polymeric compounds. Thus guidelines for an efficient application of the powerful hyphenated technique LC-NMR in combination with LC-MS are presented. Besides LC-NMR, important techniq |
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