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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910786092003321 |
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Titolo |
Youth Employment Programs : : An Evaluation of World Bank and International Finance Corporation Support |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Washington, D.C., : The World Bank, , 2012 |
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ISBN |
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1-283-94901-6 |
0-8213-9795-8 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (174 pages) |
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Collana |
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Independent Evaluation Group Studies |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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At head of title: IG World Bank, IFC, MIGA. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Cover; CONTENTS; ABBREVIATIONS; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; OVERVIEW; MANAGEMENT ACTION RECORD; COMMITTEE ON DEVELOPMENT EFFECTIVENESS (CODE); 1. WHY FOCUS ON YOUTH EMPLOYMENT?; The Nature of the Youth Employment Problem; TABLES; Table 1.1 Youth Employment Indicators, by Percent, and Region; Table 1.2 Overview on the Nature of Youth Employment Problems in Different Contexts; BOXES; Box 1.1 Roma Youth in Europe; Consequences; Objective of this Evaluation; Note; FIGURES; Figure 1.1 Youth Unemployment in the Misery Index, by Region, 2010; References |
2. WHAT ARE THE WORLD BANK AND IFC DOING IN YOUTH EMPLOYMENT?The Evaluation Applies the Bank's MILES Framework; Box 2.1 Adapting the MILES Framework to Organize Issues in Youth Employment; The Bank's Lending and Analytic and Advisory Activities Portfolio for Youth Employment Is Small and Young; What Is the Bank Doing in the Three ILE Intervention Categories?; Figure 2.1 Actual World Bank Support to Youth Employment, 2001-2011 (US millions); IFC Has a Broad Approach to Employment Creation; Figure 2.2 Top 12 Youth Employment Interventions in 90 Bank Projects |
Paucity of Data on Youth Employment Limits AnalysisBox 2.2 Methodology: How Do We Know What the World Bank Group Is Doing?; Notes; References; 3. WHAT IS THE EVIDENCE THAT THE WORLD BANK AND IFC SUPPORT PRIORITY COUNTRY NEEDS IN YOUTH EMPLOYMENT?; |
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Youth Employment in Sector Strategic Documents; Youth Employment Is Not a Strategic Issue in the Bank's Country Strategies; Figure 3.1 Top 10 Youth Employment Borrowers (US millions); Box 3.1 A Comprehensive Approach in Youth Employment Programs; Challenges in Multisector Collaboration |
Box 3.2 What the Bank is Supporting: Findings from 18 CountriesFigure 3.2 Participation of Sector Specialists in Relevant Components Managed by Other Sectors; Notes; References; 4. WHAT IS THE EVIDENCE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BANK AND IFC SUPPORT TO YOUTH EMPLOYMENT?; Table 4.1 Youth Employment Intervention Categories; Fostering Job Creation and Work Opportunities (I); Smoothing School-to-Work Transition and Job Mobility (L); Fostering Skill Development and Labor Market Relevance of Skills (E); The Bank's Impact Evaluations on Youth Employment; Notes; References; 5. RECOMMENDATIONS |
APPENDIXESA. Conceptual Foundation of the Evaluation Framework; B. Evaluation Data Sources and Methods; C. Strategies and Collaboration; D. The World Bank Portfolio for Youth Employment; E. The IFC Portfolio for Youth Employment; F. Lessons from Impact Evaluations and World Bank Group Operations; G. Social Media Outreach Goals, Methodology, and Results; BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Youth employment issues are a major concern for many countries because they have negative effects on the welfare of young people, and may also adversely affect economic performance and social stability. This is the first Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) evaluation of the World Bank Group's support to countries trying to address youth employment issues. The World Bank lending portfolio for youth employment is relatively small, although components of programs appear in 57 countries. Most projects include interventions in skills development and school-to-work transition. Half of the projects include interventions to foster job creation and work opportunities for youth. The International Finance Corporation (IFC) has a broad approach to job creation. Between FY01and FY11, youth employment was not specifically targeted, except in the Middle East and North Africa region and in a small number of other interventions. IFC invested USD 500 million to 50 investment operations and 18 advisory services to education. Although youth employment is addressed in the education, social protection, and labor strategies, it is not recognized as an issue in most country strategies - even where youth unemployment is serious. Youth employment is a multisectoral issue, but few youth employment projects are implemented by multisectoral teams. Evidence on what works in youth employment is scarce. Known factors that contribute to success are a comprehensive approach including participation of the private sector, monitoring and follow up of individual participants, and complementary interventions, such as combined training with job search and placement assistance, rather than isolated interventions. In high-unemployment environments, wage subsidies, skills training, and job search support are of little impact; and demand-side interventions are needed. Strong diagnostics are important to design interventions for youth in low-income areas. The Bank's few impact evaluations on youth employment examine short-term effects, find limited positive results, and do not calculate the cost-effectiveness of interventions. The evaluation makes two recommendations: (i) apply an evidence-based approach to youth employment operations, and (ii) at the country level, take a strategic approach to youth employment by addressing the issue comprehensively, working across World Bank Group teams, with governments and other donors. There is a critical need to strengthen evidence-based feedback loops to the strategic planning process. |
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