Lesser harms [[electronic resource] ] : the morality of risk in medical research / / Sydney A. Halpern

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910455101303321
• Autore: Halpern Sydney A (Sydney Ann)
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Chicago, : University of Chicago Press, 2004
• ISBN: 1-282-42657-5; 9786612426575; 0-226-31453-7
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (246 p.)
• Collana: Morality and society series
• Disciplina: 174.2/8
• Soggetti: Human experimentation in medicine - Moral and ethical aspects - United States; Medicine - Research - Moral and ethical aspects - United States; Medicine - Research - Law and legislation - United States; Poliomyelitis vaccine - Research - Moral and ethical aspects - United States; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (p. 209-222) and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Front matter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- 1. The Origins of a Moral Logic of Risk -- 2. Negotiating Moral Boundaries: The Polio Vaccines of 1934-1935 -- 3. Research Sponsors and the Culture of Risk -- 4. Formalizing Responses to Research Hazards -- 5. The Social Nature of Moral Action -- 6. Moral Traditions in an Era of Government Oversight -- Notes -- Selected Bibliography -- Index
• Sommario/riassunto: Research physicians face intractable dilemmas when they consider introducing new medical procedures. Innovations carry the promise of preventing or curing life-threatening diseases, but they can also lead to injury or even death. How have clinical scientists made high-stakes decisions about undertaking human tests of new medical treatments? In Lesser Harms, Sydney Halpern explores this issue as she examines vaccine trials in America during the early and mid-twentieth century. Today's scientists follow federal guidelines for research on human ; subjects developed during the 1960's and 1970's. But long before these government regulations, medical investigators observed informal rules when conducting human research. They insisted that the dangers of natural disease should outweigh the risks of a medical intervention, and they struggled to accurately assess the relative hazards. Halpern explores this logic of risk in immunization controversies extending as far back as the eighteenth century. Then, focusing on the period between 1930 and 1960, she shows how research physicians and their sponsors debated the moral quandaries involved in moving vaccine use from the laboratory to the clinic. This probing work vividly describes the efforts of clinical investigators to balance the benefits and dangers of untested vaccines, to respond to popular sentiment about medical hazards, and to strategically present risk laden research to sponsors and the public. "Concise and extremely well-written. . . . A fascinating synthesis of sociology, history, and institutional theory."-Samuel C. Blackman, Journal of the American Medical Association

Exile and Return Among the East Timorese / / Amanda Wise

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910781884303321
• Autore: Wise Amanda
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Philadelphia : , : University of Pennsylvania Press, , [2011]; ©2006
• ISBN: 1-283-21214-5; 9786613212146; 0-8122-0392-5
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (246 p.)
• Collana: Contemporary Ethnography
• Disciplina: 959.87/032
• Soggetti: Return migration - Timor-Leste; East Timorese - Australia - Sydney (N.S.W.); Exiles - Australia - Sydney (N.S.W.) - Social conditions; Exiles - Timor-Leste; Political refugees - Australia - Sydney (N.S.W.) - Social conditions; Political refugees - Timor-Leste; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (p. [223]-230) and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Frontmatter -- Contents -- Introduction: "We can't hang Xanana there!" On the Politics of Representing Community -- Chapter 1 East Timor: A History of the Present -- Chapter 2 Leaving the Crocodile: The East Timorese Community in Sydney -- Chapter 3 Nation, Transnation, Diaspora: Locating East Timorese Long Distance Nationalism -- Chapter 4 Embodying Exile: Embodied Memory and the Role of Trauma, Affect, Politics, and Religion in the Formation of Identities in Exile -- Chapter 5 Locating East Timoreseness in Australia: Layers of Hybridity, Anchored and Enmeshed -- Chapter 6 From Exile to Diaspora? On Identity, Belonging, and the (Im)Possibility of Return Home -- Chapter 7 Conclusion: Independence Day: Looking to the Future -- Afterword: January 2005 -- Notes -- Glossary -- Bibliography -- Index -- Acknowledgments
• Sommario/riassunto: East Timor, the world's newest nation, finally gained its independence in 2002, following half a millennium of Portuguese rule and 24 years of Indonesian occupation. That occupation produced a refugee diaspora spread between Portugal and Australia that has been integral in advancing East Timor's cause abroad. Because East Timorese in the diaspora identified strongly as exiles and invested so much in pursuing East Timor's independence, the homeland's liberation has complicated the very basis on which many have "imagined" themselves since fleeing to Australia.Wise interrogates the space after exile for members of the East Timorese diaspora in Australia, in dialogue with key debates on diasporic identities within cultural studies, contemporary anthropology, and cultural geography. Drawing on innovative ethnographic research, explores questions of shifting identity and home, trauma and embodiment, belonging and return among the East Timorese abroad at this critical juncture in their lives. The book asks what forms of cultural identity emerge among politically active refugee diasporas, what happens to such groups when the dream of homeland is fulfilled, and how they renegotiate a sense of home after exile.The lived experience of Timorese in Australia and former refugees who have returned to East Timor is brought to life through their eloquent and often moving firsthand narratives, which the author has used liberally throughout the book, vividly presenting them alongside images and analysis of their role in the political struggle.Providing unique insights into cultural identities in the transition from exile to diaspora in a post-refugee group, is essential reading for anyone interested in questions of home and identity among diasporic, transnational, and refugee communities.