1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910780201503321

Titolo

Gender and development in the Middle East and North Africa : : women in the public sphere

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Washington, DC : , : World Bank, , [2004]

copyright 2004

ISBN

1-280-08434-0

9786610084340

1-4175-0060-3

Descrizione fisica

xx, 198 pages : illustrations ; ; 26 cm. + + 1 CD-ROM (4 3/4 in.)

Collana

MENA development report

Disciplina

305.42/0956

Soggetti

Women in development - Middle East

Women in development - Africa, North

Sex role - Middle East

Sex role - Africa, North

Sex discrimination against women - Middle East

Sex discrimination against women - Africa, North

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-191) and index.

Nota di contenuto

Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Glossary of Terms; Acronyms and Abbreviations; Overview; The Gender Paradox; The Costs of Low Participation of Women in the Economy and the Political Sphere Are High ...; ... But the Benefits of Enhanced Participation of Women Are Positive; Factors That Have Empowered Women in Other Parts of the World Have Been Less Effective in MENA; Achievements in Women's Education and Health ...; ... Are Not Matched by Gains in Women's Participation in the Labor Force; What Has Slowed Women's Entry into the Labor Force?; Even If Demand Factors Play a Role ...

... Standard Labor Market Discrimination Does Not Explain Low Participation ...... But the Combination of Social and Economic Factors Does; A New Agenda about Gender; What Needs to Be Done ...; ... And Who Needs to Do It; 1. Why Does Gender Inequality Matter in MENA?; A Historical Perspective on Gender Equality in MENA; Outline of the Report; Notes; 2. Closing the Gender Gap in Education and Health;



Increasing the Achievements in Women's Education; Dramatic Increase in Years of Schooling and Literacy; Progress in Reducing Gender Gaps in School Enrollment

Completion Rates That Reflect Continued Discouragement for GirlsEducating Women for Empowerment; Greater Emphasis Needed to Create Demand for Schooling; Enrollment of Girls from Remote and Poor Families; Making Progress in Health and Fertility; Life Expectancy That Has Increased; Infant and Maternal Mortality Rates That Have Fallen; Fertility That Has Fallen Dramatically; Challenging the Health Sector: Social Health and Second-Generation Issues; Reduction in Early Pregnancies; Increase in Reproductive Health Knowledge; Improvement in Women's Access to Health Services; Notes

3. Women in the EconomyWomen's Participation in Economic Activity Has Increased at an Accelerating Rate ...; ... But Participation of Women in the Labor Force Remains Low; Economic Impact of Low Participation by Women in the Labor Force; The Burden of High Economic Dependency; Forgone Return on Investments in Girls' Education; High Costs for Households Headed by Women; The Costs of Low Female Participation Compared with Family and National Income; Unemployment and Female Participation in the Labor Force; Women Face Higher Unemployment than Men Do ...

... But Higher Female Labor Force Participation Is Not Associated with Higher UnemploymentMixed Effect on Female Employment from Old Patterns of Growth; Women Have Tended to Work More in the Public Sector; Women and Men Are in Informal and Unregulated Categories of Work; Women Remain in Agriculture Longer than Men Do; The Challenge of Inclusion in the Private Sector; Appendix: Labor Force Participation Rates That Very with the Data Source; Notes; 4. Constraints on Women's Work; The Traditional Gender Paradigm in MENA; Key Elements of the Traditional Gender Paradigm

Traditional Norms That Affect Labor Market Behavior