Paths toward the modern fiscal state [[electronic resource] ] : England, Japan, and China / / Wenkai He

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910779671503321
• Autore: He Wenkai <1969->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cambridge, Mass., : Harvard University Press, 2013
• ISBN: 0-674-07465-3; 0-674-07463-7
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (x, 313 p.)
• Classificazione: QL 100
• Disciplina: 336.09
• Soggetti: Finance, Public - China - History; Finance, Public - England - History; Finance, Public - Japan - History; Fiscal policy - China - History; Fiscal policy - England - History; Fiscal policy - Japan - History
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Formerly CIP.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Frontmatter -- CONTENTS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- INTRODUCTION -- 1. CREDIT CRISES IN THE RISE OF THE MODERN FISCAL STATE -- 2. ENGLAND'S PATH, 1642-1752 -- 3. THE RAPID CENTRALIZATION OF PUBLIC FINANCE IN JAPAN, 1868-1880 -- 4. THE EMERGENCE OF THE MODERN FISCAL STATE IN JAPAN, 1880-1895 -- 5. ECONOMIC DISRUPTION AND THE FAILURE OF PAPER MONEY IN CHINA, 1851-1864 -- 6. THE PERSISTENCE OF FISCAL DE CENTRALIZAION IN CHINA, 1864-1911 -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- INDEX
• Sommario/riassunto: The rise of modern public finance revolutionized political economy. As governments learned to invest tax revenue in the long-term financial resources of the market, they vastly increased their administrative power and gained the ability to use fiscal, monetary, and financial policy to manage their economies. But why did the modern fiscal state emerge in some places and not in others? In approaching this question, Wenkai He compares the paths of three different nations-England, Japan, and China-to discover why some governments developed the tools and institutions of modern public finance, while others, facing ; similar circumstances, failed to do so. Focusing on three key periods of institutional development-the decades after the English Civil Wars, the Meiji Restoration, and the Taiping Rebellion-He demonstrates how each event precipitated a collapse of the existing institutions of public finance. Facing urgent calls for revenue, each government searched for new ways to make up the shortfall. These experiments took varied forms, from new methods of taxation to new credit arrangements. Yet, while England and Japan learned from their successes and failures how to deploy the tools of modern public finance and equipped themselves to become world powers, China did not. He's comparative historical analysis isolates the nature of the credit crisis confronting each state as the crucial factor in determining its specific trajectory. This perceptive and persuasive explanation for China's failure at a critical moment in its history illuminates one of the most important but least understood transformations of the modern world.

A community built on words [[electronic resource] ] : the constitution in history and politics / / H. Jefferson Powell

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910780994003321
• Autore: Powell Jefferson <1954->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Chicago, : University of Chicago Press, 2002
• ISBN: 1-282-53731-8; 9786612537318; 0-226-67722-2
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (263 p.)
• Disciplina: 342.73
• Soggetti: Constitutional law - United States; Constitutional history - United States; United States Politics and government
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (p. 215-239) and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface -- Introduction -- I. 1790: Secretary Jefferson and the Foreign Affairs Power -- II. 1791: The ; National Bank and the Point of Interpretation -- III. 1793: The Supreme Court and the Metaphysics of Sovereignty -- IV. 1794: Kamper v. Hawkins and the Role of the Judiciary -- V. 1798 (1): Justice Paterson and the Missing Fundamental Principle -- VI. 1798 (2): How to Think about the Sedition Act -- VII. 1800: Marshall and the Role of the Political Branches -- VIII. 1802: How Not to Think about the Judiciary Repeal Act -- IX. 1804: Turpin v. Locket and the Place of Religion -- X. 1806: Hudgins v. Wright and the Place of Slavery -- XI. 1808-1809: A Forgotten Crossroads in Constitutional History -- XII. 1817: President Madison Vetoes His Own Bill -- XIII. 1818: The Congress Thinks about Internal Improvements -- XIV. 1821: The Attorney General and the Rule of Law -- XV. 1829:Writing State v. Mann -- XVI. 1859: The Supreme Court and the Metaphysics of Supremacy -- XVII. 1862: Four Attorneys General and the Meaning of Citizenship -- XVIII. 1873: Slaughterhouse Revisited -- XIX. 1904: Clay May, the Railroad, and Justice Holmes -- XX. 1927: Justice Brandeis and the Final End of the State -- XXI. 1944: Constitutional Injustice -- XXII. 2002: Common Ground after Two Centuries -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Index
• Sommario/riassunto: H. Jefferson Powell offers a powerful new approach to one of the central issues in American constitutional thinking today: the problem of constitutional law's historicity, or the many ways in which constitutional arguments and outcomes are shaped both by historical circumstances and by the political goals and commitments of various actors, including judges. The presence of such influences is often considered highly problematic: if constitutional law is political and historical through and through, then what differentiates it from politics per se, and what gives it integrity and coherence? Powell argues that constitutional theory has as its (sometimes hidden) agenda the ambition of showing how constitutional law can escape from history and politics, while much constitutional history seeks to identify an historically true meaning of the constitutional text that, once uncovered, can serve as a corrective to subsequent deviations from that truth. Combining history and theory, Powell analyzes a series of constitutional controversies from 1790 to 1944 to demonstrate that constitutional law from its very beginning has involved politically charged and ideologically divisive arguments. Nowhere in our past can one find the golden age of apolitical constitutional thinking that a great deal of contemporary scholarship seeks or presupposes. Viewed over time, American constitutional law is a history of political dispute couched in constitutional terms. Powell then takes his conclusions one step further, claiming that it is precisely this historical tradition of argument that has given American constitutional law a remarkable coherence and integrity over time. No matter what the particular political disputes of the day might be, constitutional argument has provided a shared language through which our political community has been able to fight out its battles without ultimately fracturing. A Community Built on Words will be must reading for any student of constitutional history, theory, or law.