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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910778861003321 |
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Autore |
Tilly Charles |
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Titolo |
Durable inequality [[electronic resource] /] / Charles Tilly |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Berkeley, : University of California Press, c1998 |
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ISBN |
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1-283-29171-1 |
9786613291714 |
0-520-92422-3 |
0-585-09318-0 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (312 p.) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Income distribution |
Equality |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 247-290) and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Front matter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- 1. Of Essences and Bonds -- 2. From Transactions to Structures -- 3. How Categories Work -- 4. Modes of Exploitation -- 6. How To Hoard Opportunities -- 6. Emulation, Adaptation, and Inequality -- 7. The Politics of Inequality -- 8. Future Inequalities -- References -- Index |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Charles Tilly, in this eloquent manifesto, presents a powerful new approach to the study of persistent social inequality. How, he asks, do long-lasting, systematic inequalities in life chances arise, and how do they come to distinguish members of different socially defined categories of persons? Exploring representative paired and unequal categories, such as male/female, black/white, and citizen/noncitizen, Tilly argues that the basic causes of these and similar inequalities greatly resemble one another. In contrast to contemporary analyses that explain inequality case by case, this account is one of process. Categorical distinctions arise, Tilly says, because they offer a solution to pressing organizational problems. Whatever the "organization" is-as small as a household or as large as a government-the resulting relationship of inequality persists because parties on both sides of the categorical divide come to depend on that solution, despite its drawbacks. Tilly illustrates the social mechanisms that create and |
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maintain paired and unequal categories with a rich variety of cases, mapping out fertile territories for future relational study of durable inequality. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910830822503321 |
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Titolo |
Cancer risk assessment [[electronic resource] ] : chemical carcinogenesis, hazard evaluation, and risk quantification / / edited by Ching-Hung Hsu, Todd Stedeford |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley, c2010 |
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ISBN |
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1-118-03512-7 |
1-282-68335-7 |
9786612683350 |
0-470-62272-5 |
0-470-62271-7 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (858 p.) |
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Altri autori (Persone) |
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HsuChing-Hung |
StedefordTodd |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Carcinogens |
Health risk assessment |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT: Chemical Carcinogenesis, Hazard Evaluation, and Risk Quantification; CONTENTS; PREFACE; CONTRIBUTORS; ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS; PART I: CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT, SCIENCE POLICY, AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS; CHAPTER 1: CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT; CHAPTER 2: SCIENCE POLICY AND CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT; CHAPTER 3: HAZARD AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICAL CARCINOGENICITY WITHIN A REGULATORY CONTEXT; CHAPTER 4: USE OF CANCER RISK ASSESSMENTS IN DETERMINATION OF REGULATORY STANDARDS; PART II: CANCER BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY; CHAPTER 5: THE INTERPLAY OF CANCER |
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AND BIOLOGY |
CHAPTER 6: CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS: A BRIEF HISTORY OF ITS CONCEPTS WITH A FOCUS ON POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONSCHAPTER 7: HORMESIS AND CANCER RISKS: ISSUES AND RESOLUTION; CHAPTER 8: THRESHOLDS FOR GENOTOXIC CARCINOGENS: EVIDENCE FROM MECHANISM-BASED CARCINOGENICITY STUDIES; PART III: GENETIC TOXICOLOGY, TESTING GUIDELINES AND REGULATIONS, AND NOVEL ASSAYS; CHAPTER 9: DEVELOPMENT OF GENETIC TOXICOLOGY TESTING AND ITS INCORPORATION INTO REGULATORY HEALTH EFFECTS TEST REQUIREMENTS; CHAPTER 10: GENETIC TOXICOLOGY TESTING GUIDELINES AND REGULATIONS; CHAPTER 11: IN VITRO GENOTOX ASSAYS |
CHAPTER 12: IN VIVO GENOTOXICITY ASSAYSPART IV: ASSESSING THE HUMAN RELEVANCE OF CHEMICAL-INDUCED TUMORS; CHAPTER 13: FRAMEWORK ANALYSIS FOR DETERMINING MODE OF ACTION AND HUMAN RELEVANCE; CHAPTER 14: EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL STUDIES AND CARCINOGENICITY; CHAPTER 15: CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHAPTER 16: RODENT HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS; CHAPTER 17: MODE OF ACTION ANALYSIS AND HUMAN RELEVANCE OF LIVER TUMORS INDUCED BY PPAR a ACTIVATION; CHAPTER 18: ALPHA 2U-GLOBULIN NEPHROPATHY AND CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE NEPHROPATHY AS MODES OF ACTION FOR RENAL TUBULE TUMOR INDUCTION IN RATS, AND THEIR POSSIBLE INTERACTION |
CHAPTER 19: URINARY TRACT CALCULI AND BLADDER TUMORSPART V: METHODS FOR INFORMING CANCER RISK QUANTIFICATION; CHAPTER 20: (Q) SAR ANALYSIS OF GENOTOXIC AND NONGENOTOXIC CARCINOGENS: A STATE-OF-THE-ART OVERVIEW; CHAPTER 21: PHYSIOLOGICALLY BASED PHARMACOKINETIC (PBPK) MODELS IN CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT; CHAPTER 22: GENOMICS AND ITS ROLE IN CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT; CHAPTER 23: COMPUTATIONAL TOXICOLOGY IN CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT; PART VI: GENERAL APPROACHES FOR QUANTIFYING CANCER RISKS; CHAPTER 24: LINEAR LOW-DOSE EXTRAPOLATIONS |
CHAPTER 25: QUANTITATIVE CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT OF NONGENOTOXIC CARCINOGENSCHAPTER 26: NONLINEAR LOW-DOSE EXTRAPOLATIONS; CHAPTER 27: CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT: MORE UNCERTAIN THAN WE THOUGHT; CHAPTER 28: COMBINING NEOPLASMS FOR EVALUATION OF RODENT CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES; CHAPTER 29: CANCER RISK BASED ON AN INDIVIDUAL TUMOR TYPE OR SUMMING OF TUMORS; CHAPTER 30: EXPOSURE RECONSTRUCTION AND CANCER RISK ESTIMATE DERIVATION; INDEX |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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"With a weight-of-the-evidence approach, cancer risk assessment indentifies hazards, determines dose-response relationships, and assesses exposure to characterize the true risk. This book focuses on the quantitative methods for conducting chemical cancer risk assessments for solvents, metals, mixtures, and nanoparticles. It links these to the basic toxicology and biology of cancer, along with the impacts on regulatory guidelines and standards. By providing insightful perspective, Cancer Risk Assessment helps researchers develop a discriminate eye when it comes to interpreting data accurately and separating relevant information from erroneous"--Provided by publisher. |
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3. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910367747703321 |
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Autore |
Francini Alessandra |
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Titolo |
Abiotic Stress Effects on Performance of Horticultural Crops / Alessandra Francini, Luca Sebastiani |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2019 |
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Basel, Switzerland : , : MDPI, , 2019 |
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ISBN |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 electronic resource (126 p.) |
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Soggetti |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Horticultural crop yield and quality depend on genotype, environmental conditions, and production management. In particular, adverse environmental conditions may greatly affect crop performance, reducing crop yield by 50%-70%. Abiotic stresses such as cold, heat, drought, flooding, salinity, nutrient deficiency, and ultraviolet radiation affect multiple physiological and biochemical mechanisms in plants as they attempt to cope with the stress conditions. However, different crop species can have different sensitivities or tolerances to specific abiotic stresses. Tolerant plants may activate different strategies to adapt to or avoid the negative effect of abiotic stresses. At the physiological level, photosynthetic activity and light-use efficiency of plants may be modulated to enhance tolerance against the stress. At the biochemical level, several antioxidant systems may be activated, and many enzymes may produce stress-related metabolites to help avoid cellular damage, including compounds such as proline, glycine betaine, and amino acids. Within each crop species there is a wide variability of tolerance to abiotic stresses, and some wild relatives may carry useful traits for enhancing the tolerance to abiotic stresses in their progeny through either traditional or biotechnological breeding. The research papers and reviews presented in this book provide an |
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update of the scientific knowledge of crop interactions with abiotic stresses. |
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