1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910778423803321

Autore

Olasolo Hector

Titolo

The criminal responsibility of senior political and military leaders as principals to international crimes / Hector Olasolo ; with a foreword by Adrian Fulford, an introduction by Ekaterina Trendafilova and an epilogue by Kai Ambos

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Oxford ; Portland, Oregon, : Hart Publishing, 2009

ISBN

1-4725-6475-8

1-282-38801-0

9786612388019

1-84731-508-9

Edizione

[1st ed.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (400 p.)

Collana

Studies in international and comparative criminal law ; v. 4

Disciplina

345.0235

Soggetti

Criminal responsibility (International law)

Criminal liability (International law)

Criminal liability

International crimes

Crimes against humanity

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references (pages 337-345) and index

Nota di contenuto

First approach to the criminal liability of political and military leaders for international crimes -- Perpetration of a crime and participation in a crime committed by a third person : principal versus accessorial liability -- Direct perpetration and indirect perpetration -- Co-perpetration based on joint criminal enterprise -- Co-perpetration based on joint control of the crime

Foreword by Judge Sir Adrian Fulford, presiding Judge of the Trial Chamber at the International Criminal Court. -- Introduction by Judge Ekaterina Trendafilova, Judge of Pre-Trial Chambers II and III of the International Criminal Court, dealing with the situations in Uganda and Central African Republic

Sommario/riassunto

As shown by the trials of Slobodan Milosevic, Charles Taylor and Saddam Hussein, the large-scale and systematic commission of international crimes is usually planned and set in motion by senior



political and military leaders. Nevertheless, the application of traditional forms of criminal liability leads to the conclusion that they are mere accessories to such crimes. This does not reflect their central role and often results in a punishment which is inappropriately low in view of the impact of their actions and omissions. For these reasons, international criminal law has placed special emphasis on the development of concepts, such as control of the crime and joint criminal enterprise (also known as the common purpose doctrine), which aim at reflecting better the central role played by senior political and military leaders in campaigns of large scale and systematic commission of international crimes. The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court and the case law of the ICTY and the ICTR have, in recent years, played a unique role in the achievement of this goal

2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910788408403321

Autore

Tressel Thierry

Titolo

Does Technological Diffusion Explain Australia’s Productivity Performance? / / Thierry Tressel

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2008

ISBN

1-4623-0939-9

1-4527-1277-8

1-283-51301-3

9786613825469

1-4519-1319-2

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (44 p.)

Collana

IMF Working Papers

Soggetti

Industrial productivity - Australia - Econometric models

Technological innovations - Australia - Econometric models

Manpower policy - Australia - Econometric models

Finance: General

Public Finance

Production and Operations Management

Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General

Macroeconomics: Production

Production

Cost

Capital and Total Factor Productivity

Capacity



Employment

Unemployment

Wages

Intergenerational Income Distribution

Aggregate Human Capital

Aggregate Labor Productivity

General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data)

Macroeconomics

Public finance & taxation

Finance

Information technology in revenue administration

Productivity

Total factor productivity

Capital productivity

Commodity markets

Revenue

Industrial productivity

Commodity exchanges

Australia

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

"January 2008."

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-27).

Nota di contenuto

Contents; I. Introduction; II. Productivity Performance and Reforms in Australia; A. Australian Productivity Performance since 1990: Key Facts; Figures; 1. Australia's Productivity Performance; 2. Investments in Information and Communication Technologies; 3. Sectoral Contributions to Real GDP Growth; B. The Reform Process in Australia; 4. Employment Protection Legislations in OECD Countries; III. Empirical Model and Data Description; A. Theory; 5. Product Market Reforms in Australia; B. Empirical Specification; C. The Long-Run Impact of Covariates X on MFP and Capital-Labor Ratio Levels

D. Data Sources and Methodology Tables; 1. Sectoral Decomposition; E. Growth Accounting; F. Level Accounting; G. Exchange Rates for International Comparisons; IV. Empirical Analysis; A. A First Look at the Data; B. Regression Results; C. Robustness Tests; D. Do Reforms Explain Australia's Productivity Performance?; E. Other Determinants of MFP Convergence: the Role of Human Capital and R&D ..; V. Conclusion; References; 2. Summary Statistics (1980-2003); 3. Correlations; 4. Multi-Factor Productivity Leaders; 6. Australian Industries MFP Levels (relative to U.S.)

5. Convergence of Australian Industries' Technology Level in a Panel of OECD Countries 6. Impact of Product Market Regulations of MFP Growth; 7. Impact of Labor Market Institutions on MFP Growth; 8. Disentangling the Effects of Product and Labor Market Institutions on MFP Growth; 9. Impact of Labor and Product Market Institutions on ICT Capital Deepening; 10. Predicted Impact of Product and Labor Market Reforms; 11. Controlling for Other Determinants of MFP Growth; Appendixes; I. The Impact of Product and Labor Market Institutions on



Labor Productivity; II. Dropping Countries One by One

III. Regressions with 3-year Averages

Sommario/riassunto

This paper analyzes the impact of product and labor market policies on technological diffusion and multi-factor productivity (MFP) in a panel of industries in 15 OECD countries over the period 1980 to 2003, with a special focus on Australia. We use a simple convergence empirical framework to show that, on average, convergence of MFP within industries across countries has slowed-down in the 1990s. In contrast, Australian industries have significantly caught-up with industry productivity best practices over the past 16 years, and have benefited from the diffusion of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). We show that reforms of both the labor and product markets since the early 1990s can explain Australia's productivity performance and adoption of ICTs.