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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910777970803321 |
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Titolo |
Environmental health and child survival : : epidemiology, economics, experiences |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Washington, DC : , : World Bank, , [2008] |
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copyright 2008 |
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ISBN |
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1-281-77049-3 |
9786611770495 |
0-8213-7237-8 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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xiii, 209 pages : illustrations ; ; 23 cm |
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Collana |
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Environment and development |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Environmentally induced diseases in children - Developing countries |
Malnutrition in children - Developing countries |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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CONTENTS; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations and Acronyms; CHAPTER 1 Introduction; Box 1.1 What Is Environmental Health?; Tables 1.1 Millennium Development Goals and Environmental Health; Tables 1.2 Annual Cost of Direct and Indirect Impact of Environmental Risk Factors in 2005; PART I Epidemiology; Tables 2.1 Water-Related Transmission Routes and Disease Outcome; Figure 2.1 The F-Diagram: Transmission Routes for Infection; Figure 2.2 Relationship between Nutrition and Infection; Tables 2.2 Impact of Infection on Nutritional Status |
Box 2.1 Impact of Diarrhea on Child Malnutrition: Evidence from Research Figure 2.3 Environmental Health Inputs and Health Outcomes in the Child's Life Cycle; Box 2.2 Overweight Mothers Carrying Underweight Children; Figure 2.4 The Window of Opportunity for Addressing Undernutrition; Figure 3.1 Range of Preventive Activities in Child Survival; Tables 3.1 Role of Environmental Health in Supplementing Health System Strategies; PART II Economics; Tables 4.1 Environmental Risk Factors and Related Diseases Included in the Comparative Risk Assessment |
Box 4.1 Why 50 Percent? Supporting Evidence from Recent Cohort Studies Figure 4.1 The Health Effects of Environmental Risks Factors; |
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Figure 4.2 Water-Related (WSH plus WRM) Burden of Disease in Children under Five Attributable to Environmental Risk Factors by WHO Region, 2002; Box 4.2 Revisiting the "Asian Enigma"; Figure 4.3 Mills-Reincke Ratios for Subregions; Box 4.3 The Mills-Reincke Phenomenon; Figure 5.1 Cost of Environmental Health Risks; Box 5.1 Basic Indicators for Ghana and Pakistan; Tables 5.1 Environmentally Attributable Fractions of Child Mortality, Keeping Malnutrition Unchanged |
Tables 5.2 Estimated Mortality in Under-Five Children from Environmental Risk Factors, 2005 Tables 5.3 Malnutrition Rates in Children under the Age of Five; Figure 5.2 Weight-for-Age Distribution of Children in Ghana and Pakistan; Tables 5.4 Malnutrition-Attributable Fractions of Child Mortality; Figure 5.3 Two-Week Diarrheal Prevalence Rate by Age and Underweight Status in Ghana and Pakistan; Figure 5.4 Underweight Malnutrition Rates in Children with and without Diarrheal Infections in Ghana and Pakistan; Figure 5.5 Calculating Revised Estimates (Indirect and Direct Effects) |
Tables 5.5 Environmentally Attributable Fractions and Child Mortality with Malnutrition-Mediated Effects Box 5.2 Attributable Fractions and Burden of Disease When Multiple Risk Factors Are Present; Tables 5.6 Effects of Malnutrition on Education; Figure 5.6 Final Results of Ghana and Pakistan Case Studies; Tables 5.7 Annual Cost of Direct and Indirect Effect of Environmental Risk Factors in 2005; Box 5.3 How Policy-Makers Should Interpret These Results; PART III Experiences; Box 6.1 Combating Disease through Improved Milk; Box 6.2 Mexico: Multisectorality through a Diagonal Approach |
Box 6.3 Thailand's National Nutrition Program |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Each year, millions of children in developing countries fall sick and die from diseases caused by polluted air, contaminated water and soil, and poor hygiene behavior. Repeated infectious also contribute to malnutrition in children, and subsequently impacts future learning and productivity. This book analyzes the linkages between malnutrition and environmental health, and assesses the burden of disease on young children, and its economic costs. |
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