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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910774725303321 |
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Autore |
Dubos Bernard |
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Titolo |
Oil Palm Fertilization Guide / / Bernard Dubos, Xavier Bonneau, Albert Flori |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Versailles : , : eĢditions Quae, , 2022 |
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ISBN |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (82 pages) |
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Collana |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Plant breeding |
Plantations |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Acknowledgements. .5 -- Preface . .7 -- Introduction: context and purpose of this guide 9 -- 1. Understanding oil palm mineral nutrition and diagnosing nutritional needs. 13 -- Why fertilize oil palm plantations?13 -- Can deficiency symptoms be trusted to recommend fertilizer applications?.16 -- Nitrogen (N) deficiency.16 -- Potassium (K) deficiency .16 -- Magnesium (Mg) deficiency.18 -- Boron (B) deficiency.19 -- Copper (Cu) deficiency .19 -- Manganese (Mn) deficiency 20 -- Other nutrients. 20 -- Conclusion . 20 -- Analysing leaf samples to establish a diagnosis. 20 -- Ascertaining variability in leaf nutrient contents. 23 -- Nitrogen (N). . 23 -- Phosphorus (P). . 27 -- Potassium (K). . 30 -- Calcium (Ca). . 31 -- Magnesium (Mg). . 32 -- Chlorine (Cl). 35 -- Sulphur (S). 35 -- Trace elements: boron, copper, iron, manganese. 35 -- Interpreting leaf contents considering the specific characteristics of a plantation . 37 -- 2. Plantation sampling for ongoing mineral nutrition monitoring . 39 -- Dividing the plantation into several leaf sampling units 39 -- Planning the leaf sampling schedule 40 -- Choosing the palms of the reference sample inside the LSU 41 -- Restricting reference sampling to a uniform section of the LSU. 41 -- When and how to select the palms used for leaf sampling 44 -- Taking special leaf samples to check specific zones in the LSU 45 -- 3. Adapting the decision-support tool to local conditions: taking the specificities of each site into account. 47 -- Fertilization trial principles 47 -- Choice of treatments and experimental designs 47 -- |
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Aggregating data and determining local optimum contents. 51 -- Experimental precision 52 -- Drawing up the fertilizer schedule from the experimental results. 53 -- Determining the optimum content range per nutrient. 54 -- Drawing up a fertilizer schedule from the optimum content range 56 -- Applying the conclusions of the experimental approach. 57 -- A better understanding of trial results 58 -- 4. Extrapolating fertilizer schedules resulting from trials 59 -- Analysing the plantation reaction on an LSU scale 59 -- What information can be drawn from soil analyses?. 60 -- Taking into account soil calcium contents when using KCl .61 -- Detecting distortions due to soil properties. 62 -- Associating a reference soil analysis with each leaf sample.64 -- Constructing a geographic information system (GIS). 65 -- Setting up reactivity tests 66 -- 5. Adopting sustainable fertilization practices: prospects and recommendations 69 -- Preserving soil health 69 -- Caring for the chemical fertility of soils 70 -- Assessing soil reserves 70 -- Improving fertilization efficiency. 72 -- Reducing mineral nutrient losses through different cultural practices 72 -- Improving the physico-chemical properties of soils 73 -- Developing a precise and environment-friendly fertilization tool . 74 -- Precision of recommendations and fertilizer schedules 75 -- Spatial precision of leaf sampling and fertilizer application. 76 -- Conclusion: generic tools for optimized fertilization in each plantation 77 -- Bibliography. 79. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Intended as guide for designing the fertilization system in oil palm plantations, this book explains in clear language how to define fertilizer recommendations for each plantation, considering the specific characteristics of each site. The authors present the principles for interpreting the results of plant tissue analysis, mainly leaflets, taking into account the influence of factors specific to each plantation (age, plant material, climate, soil). They detail how to experimentally determine site-specific reference levels of mineral elements and sampling rules for monitoring the nutritional status of the plantation. Priority is given to the most specific facies (soil, plant material) of the planted areas rather than to an average representation of the plots. This guide explains how to create fertilization schedules to achieve optimal leaf contents from experimentation, and to compare these data with information from geographic information systems. This decision support system is designed to be valid in all situations. In addition to the economic optimization of fertilization, environmental concerns are considered: soil health and absorption efficiency must be integrated into the fertilization strategy by optimizing cultivation practices for fertilizer application and organic matter management. This guide is illustrated by numerous examples from trials in various soil, climate and plant material conditions in Africa and Latin America. |
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