Autophagy of the nervous system [[electronic resource] ] : cellular self-digestion in neurons and neurological diseases / / editors, Zhenyu Yue, Charleen T Chu

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910464783203321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Singapore ; ; Hackensack, N.J., : World Scientific Pub., c2012
• ISBN: 1-283-85069-9; 981-4350-45-1
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (441 p.)
• Altri autori (Persone): YueZhenyu; Chu. Charleen T
• Disciplina: 571.936
• Soggetti: Nervous system - Diseases; Neurons; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: CONTENTS; Contributors; Preface; Section 1 Neuronal Autophagy: Cellular Process and Regulation; Chapter 1 The Cellular Process of Autophagy and Control of Autophagy in Neurons Nicole C. McKnight, Noboru Mizushima and Zhenyu Yue; INTRODUCTION; AUTOPHAGY PATHWAYS; AUTOPHAGY CORE MACHINERY; ULK1/ULK2 Kinase Complex (Atg1); Atg9 Recycling Complex; PI3-Kinase Complexes (Vps34-Beclin 1); Atg18/WIPI PI(3)P-Binding Protein and Atg2; Ubiquitin-like Conjugation Systems; Atg12 conjugation reaction; Atg8/LC3 conjugation reaction; SOURCE OF THE AUTOPHAGOSOME MEMBRANE; AUTOPHAGY SIGNALING/REGULATION OF AUTOPHAGYTHE ROLE OF LC3-BINDING PROTEINS IN AUTOPHAGY; AUTOPHAGY IN NEURONS; Compartmentalized Autophagy in Neurons; Autophagy Signaling in Neurons; Autophagic Clearance of Protein Aggregates in Neurons; Regulation of Neuronal Autophagy by Endosomal and ESCRT Machinery; Neuroprotective versus Neurotoxic Role of Autophagy; AUTOPHAGY IN NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; CONCLUSION; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; REFERENCES; Chapter 2 Autophagosome Maturation, Endocytosis and ; Neurodegenerative Disease Ai Yamamoto and Anne Simonsen; INTRODUCTION; MACROAUTOPHAGY; A Brief IntroductionAutophagosome Maturation: A Convergence with Endocytosis; Endocytosis; The maturation of an autophagosome to an autolysosome: Fusion with endocytic compartments; Vps34 complexes; Fusion with the lysosome; AUTOPHAGOSOME MATURATION AND NEURODEGENERATION; CONCLUDING REMARKS; REFERENCES; Chapter 3 Cross-Talk Between the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Macroautophagy Serhiy Pankiv and Terje Johansen; INTRODUCTION; THE UBIQUITIN-PROTEASOME SYSTEM (UPS); AUTOPHAGY; UPS AND AUTOPHAGY: CROSS-TALK AT THE REGULATORY LEVEL; UPS AND AUTOPHAGY: CROSS-TALK AT THE SUBSTRATE LEVEL; CONCLUSIONSREFERENCES; Chapter 4 Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy (CMA) in Neurons Maria Xilouri, Hsiao-Yu Peng and Leonidas Stefanis; INTRODUCTION; MECHANISM OF CMA; CMA IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM; CMA IN NEURODEGENERATION: THE CASE FOR PARKINSON'S DISEASE; CMA IN OTHER NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; CONCLUSION; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND FUNDING; REFERENCES; Chapter 5 Maintaining Autophagic Balance: A Role for Brakes Salvatore J. Cherra, III and Charleen T. Chu; INTRODUCTION; OVERVIEW OF AUTOPHAGY INDUCTION; NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF AUTOPHAGY INDUCTION; Proteins Regulating Autophagy Induction; Mammalian target of rapamycinJumpy (myotubularin related protein 14); Bcl-2 (B cell CLL/lymphoma-2); FLICE-inhibitory proteins; Post-Translational Modifications that Regulate Autophagy Induction; Proteolysis of autophagy proteins; Regulation of autophagy by acetylation; Regulation of autophagy induction by phosphorylation; Regulation of LC3 by phosphorylation; AUTOPHAGY DOWNREGULATING MECHANISMS IN RELATION TO CANONICAL AND NON-CANONICAL INDUCTION PATHWAYS; ROLES OF AUTOPHAGY INHIBITION DURING DISEASE IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM; CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; Section 2 Autophagy and Neurological Diseases; Chapter 6 Autophagy and Its Cross-Talk with Cell Death in Neural Development Sabrina Di Bartolomeo and Francesco Cecconi
• Sommario/riassunto: What is autophagy? Why would neurons digest parts of themselves through autophagy? How can autophagy save the lives of cells under some conditions, but act as an accomplice to cell death in others? By what mechanisms are autophagy-related processes dysregulated in neurological diseases, and are there therapeutic strategies to correct or compensate for their dysfunction? This book provides an expert view of major concepts in autophagy research with a focus on autophagy in neurons. Experimental evidence for evolutionarily conserved and specialized regulatory mechanisms for autophagy in the mamma

Computational Processing of the Portuguese Language : 6th International Workshop, PROPOR 2003, Faro, Portugal, June 26-27, 2003. Proceedings / / Nuno J. Mamede, Jorge Baptista, Isabel Trancoso, Maria das Gracas Volpe Nunes (eds.)

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910767534403321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Berlin : , : Springer-Verlag, , [2003]
• ISBN: 3540450114; 9783540450115
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (xiv, 268 pages) : illustrations (some color)
• Collana: Lecture notes in computer science ; ; 2721. Lecture notes in artificial intelligence
• Disciplina: 469/.0285
• Soggetti: Portuguese language - Data processing; Computational linguistics; Learning & Instruction; Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, general; Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages; Information Storage and Retrieval; Natural Language Processing (NLP)
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Speech Analysis and Recognition -- Devoicing Measures of European Portuguese Fricatives -- AUDIMUS.MEDIA: A Broadcast News Speech Recognition System for the European Portuguese Language -- Pitch Restoration for Robust Speech Recognition -- Speech Synthesis -- Grapheme-Phone Transcription Algorithm for a Brazilian Portuguese TTS -- Improving the Accuracy of the Speech Synthesis Based Phonetic Alignment Using Multiple Acoustic Features -- Evaluation of a Segmental Durations Model for TTS -- From Portuguese to Mirandese: Fast Porting of a Letter-to-Sound Module Using FSTs -- A Methodology to Analyze Homographs for a Brazilian Portuguese TTS System -- Automatic Discovery of Brazilian Portuguese Letter to Phoneme Conversion Rules through Genetic Programming -- Experimental ; Phonetics Contributions to the Portuguese Articulatory Synthesizer Development -- Pragmatics, Discourse, Semantics, Syntax, and the Lexicon -- A Study on the Reliability of Two Discourse Segmentation Models -- Reusability of Dictionaries in the Compilation of NLP Lexicons -- Homonymy in Natural Language Processes: A Representation Using Pustejovsky’s Qualia Structure and Ontological Information -- Using Adaptive Formalisms to Describe Context-Dependencies in Natural Language -- Some Regularities of Frozen Expressions in Brazilian Portuguese -- Tools, Resources, and Applications -- Selva: A New Syntactic Parser for Portuguese -- An Account of the Challenge of Tagging a Reference Corpus for Brazilian Portuguese -- Multi-level NER for Portuguese in a CG Framework -- HMM/MLP Hybrid Speech Recognizer for the Portuguese Telephone SpeechDat Corpus -- Managing Linguistic Resources and Tools -- Using Morphossyntactic Information in TTS Systems: Comparing Strategies for European Portuguese -- Timber! Issues in Treebank Building and Use -- A Lexicon-Based Stemming Procedure -- Contractions: Breaking the Tokenization-Tagging Circularity -- A Linguistic Approach Proposal for Mechanical Design Using Natural Language Processing -- Identification of Direct/Indirect Discourse in Children’s Stories -- Curupira: A Functional Parser for Brazilian Portuguese -- ANELL: A Web System for Portuguese Corpora Annotation -- Email2Vmail — An Email Reader -- A Large Speech Database for Brazilian Portuguese Spoken Language Research -- Dialogue Systems -- Interpretations and Discourse Obligations in a Dialog System -- Using Dialogues to Access Semantic Knowledge in a Web IR System -- Managing Dialog and Access Control in Natural Language Querying -- Summarization and Information Extraction -- GistSumm: A Summarization Tool Based on a New Extractive Method -- Topic Indexing of TV Broadcast News Programs -- Evaluation -- An Initial Proposal for Cooperative Evaluation on Information Retrieval in Portuguese -- Evaluation of Finite-State Lexical Transducers of Temporal Adverbs for Lexical Analysis of Portuguese Texts -- Evaluating Automatically Computed Word Similarity -- Evaluation of a Thesaurus-Based Query Expansion Technique -- Cooperatively Evaluating Portuguese Morphology.
• Sommario/riassunto: Since 1993, PROPOR Workshops have become an important forum for re- archers involved in the Computational Processing of Portuguese, both written and spoken. This PROPOR Workshop follows previous workshops held in 1993 (Lisboa, Portugal), 1996 (Curitiba, Brazil), 1998 (Porto Alegre, Brazil), 1999 ´ (Evora, Portugal) and 2000 (Atibaia, Brazil). The workshop has increasingly contributed to bring together researchers and industry partners from both sides of the Atlantic. The constitution of an international program committee and the adoption of high-standard referee procedures demonstrate the steady de- lopment of the ?eld and of its scienti?c community. This can also be seen in the realization of the satellite workshop AVALON, which constitutes the ?rst evaluation campaign of Portuguese NLP systems. Each one of the 64 submitted papers received a careful, triple blind-review by the program committee. All those who contributed are mentioned in the following pages. The reviewing process led to the selection of 41 papers for oral presentation, 24 regular papers and 17 short papers, which are published in this volume. Theworkshopandthisbookwerestructuredaroundtheeightfollowingmain topics: (i) speech analysis and recognition; (ii) speech synthesis; (iii) pragmatics, discourse, semantics, syntax, and the lexicon; (iv) tools, resources, and appli- tions; (v) dialogue systems; (vi) summarization and information extraction; and (vii) evaluation.