Acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays in high-metallicity astrophysical environments / / Ana Laura Müller

• Record Nr.: UNISA996495165403316
• Autore: Müller Ana Laura
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer International Publishing, , [2022]; ©2022
• ISBN: 9783031103063; 9783031103056
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (141 pages)
• Collana: Springer Theses
• Disciplina: 539.7223
• Soggetti: Cosmic rays; Cosmic rays - Measurement
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Supervisor's Foreword -- Abstract -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Acronyms -- 1 Introduction -- References -- 2 Astrophysical Context -- 2.1 Radiation -- 2.1.1 Cosmic Rays -- 2.1.2 Gamma Rays -- 2.1.3 Neutrinos -- 2.1.4 Gravitational Waves -- 2.2 Sources -- 2.2.1 Starburst Galaxies -- 2.2.2 Active Galactic Nuclei -- References -- 3 Physics for High-Energy Astrophysics -- 3.1 The Hillas Criterion -- 3.2 Transport Equation -- 3.3 Acceleration Mechanisms -- 3.3.1 Fermi's Original Idea -- 3.3.2 Stochastic Diffusive Acceleration -- 3.3.3 Diffusive Shock Acceleration -- 3.3.4 Other Mechanisms -- 3.4 Losses -- 3.4.1 Escape Processes -- 3.4.2 Energy Losses -- 3.4.3 Absorption and Electron-Positron Pair Production -- References -- 4 Particle Acceleration in the Superwind of Starburst Galaxies. Part I: Large-Scale Processes -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Basic Model -- 4.2.1 Superwind -- 4.2.2 Scaling Relations -- 4.2.3 Dynamical Conditions -- 4.3 NGC 253 -- 4.4 Particle Acceleration and Losses -- 4.4.1 Acceleration Conditions -- 4.4.2 Stochastic Diffusive Acceleration -- 4.4.3 Diffusive Shock Acceleration -- 4.4.4 Losses and Maximum Energies -- 4.4.5 Particle Distributions -- 4.5 Results -- 4.5.1 Spectral Energy Distributions -- 4.6 Discussions -- 4.6.1 Higher Energies? -- 4.6.2 A Starving Black Hole? -- 4.6.3 Other Potential Sources of CR in the Disk -- 4.6.4 Propagation and Effects Upon Arrival -- 4.7 Summary ; and Conclusions -- References -- 5 Particle Acceleration in the Superwind of Starburst Galaxies. Part II: Small-Scale Processes -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Model -- 5.3 Particle Acceleration and Losses -- 5.3.1 Acceleration Conditions -- 5.3.2 Losses and Maximum Energies -- 5.3.3 Particle Distributions -- 5.4 Results -- 5.4.1 Spectral Energy Distributions -- 5.5 Discussion -- 5.6 Summary and Conclusions -- References.; 6 Particle Acceleration in the Broad-Line Region of Active Galactic Nuclei -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Model -- 6.3 Particle Acceleration and Losses -- 6.3.1 Acceleration Conditions -- 6.3.2 Losses and Maximum Energies -- 6.3.3 Particle Distributions -- 6.4 Results -- 6.4.1 Radiative Processes -- 6.4.2 Absorption of High-Energy Photons and Secondary Particles -- 6.4.3 Spectral Energy Distributions -- 6.5 Application to NGC 1068 -- 6.6 Discussion -- 6.7 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 7 Discussion -- 7.1 Starbursts -- 7.2 Starbursts? -- References -- 8 Summary and Conclusions -- Reference -- Appendix A Coding Notes -- A.1 Numerical Integration -- A.1.1 Left Riemann Sum with a Constant Logarithmic Step. Fortran -- A.1.2 Trapezoidal Rule with a Constant Logarithmic Step. Fortran -- A.1.3 Python Comments -- A.2 Tests and Bugs -- A.3 Numerical Solutions for the Transport Equation -- A.4 Fermi-LAT Catalog -- Appendix B Miscellany -- B.1 Thermal Bremsstrahlung -- B.2 Proton-Proton Inelastic Collisions: Ep&gt -- 100GeV -- B.3 Accretion Disks.

3D video coding for embedded devices : energy efficient algorithms and architectures / / Bruno Zatt ...[et. al.]

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910739446903321
• Autore: Zatt Bruno
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: New York, : Springer Science, 2013
• ISBN: 1-4614-6759-4
• Edizione: [1st ed. 2013.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (219 p.)
• Disciplina: 004.1; 006.22; 620; 621.381
• Soggetti: Video compression; Digital video
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Introduction -- Background and Related Work -- Multiview Video Coding Analysis for Energy and Quality -- Energy-Effiecient Algorithms for Multiview Video Coding -- Energy-Efficient Architectures for Multiview Video Coding -- Results and Comparison -- Conclusion and future Works.
• Sommario/riassunto: This book shows readers how to develop energy-efficient algorithms and hardware architectures to enable high-definition 3D video coding on resource-constrained embedded devices. Users of the Multiview Video Coding (MVC) standard face the challenge of exploiting its 3D video-specific coding tools for increasing compression efficiency at the cost of increasing computational complexity and, consequently, the energy consumption. This book enables readers to reduce the multiview video coding energy consumption through jointly considering the algorithmic and architectural levels. Coverage includes an introduction to 3D videos and an extensive discussion of the current state-of-the-art of 3D video coding, as well as energy-efficient algorithms for 3D video coding and energy-efficient hardware architecture for 3D video coding. · Discusses challenges related to performance and power in 3D video coding for embedded devices; ; · Describes energy-efficient algorithms for reducing computational complexity at multiple hierarchical levels; · Presents energy-efficient hardware architectures along with methods for reducing on-chip and off-chip energy related to both data processing and memory access; · Shows how to leverage jointly the algorithm and hardware architecture layers of the system.