1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910452424103321

Autore

Downing F. Gerald <1935->

Titolo

Order and (dis)order in the first Christian century : a general survey of attitudes / / by F. Gerald Downing

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Boston : , : Brill, , 2013

ISBN

90-04-25581-8

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (395 pages)

Collana

Supplements to Novum Testamentum, , 0167-9732 ; ; volume 151

Disciplina

270.1

Soggetti

Church history - Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600

Order - History

Electronic books.

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Nota di contenuto

part one. Order -- part two. Law -- part three. Disruptive re-ordering.

Sommario/riassunto

Articulate first century Mediterranean society, Jewish and Christian included, expressly favoured harmonious order in society, in individuals, in communication, and in thought. Its common basis was the patriarchal family, the rule of law, rational self-control, and rational thought. Yet there was also resistance to oppressive and unjust order in all spheres; and while law could be held educative, yet there were substantial first century critiques of law, not just Paul’s, and awareness that judicial procedures could be chaotic and biassed. Strands of such dissidence appear in Jesus and in Paul, with significant relevance for any understanding of the early Christian movement(s) and contemporary Judaism(s) in Graeco-Roman context, but also with important implications for any practical reflections and application.



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910725929703321

Autore

Paass Gerhard

Titolo

Foundation Models for Natural Language Processing [[electronic resource] ] : Pre-trained Language Models Integrating Media / / by Gerhard Paass, Sven Giesselbach

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2023

ISBN

9783-031-23190-2

Edizione

[1st ed. 2023.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (xviii, 448 pages)

Collana

Artificial Intelligence: Foundations, Theory, and Algorithms, , 2365-306X

Disciplina

006.35

Soggetti

Natural language processing (Computer science)

Computational linguistics

Artificial intelligence

Expert systems (Computer science)

Machine learning

Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Computational Linguistics

Artificial Intelligence

Knowledge Based Systems

Machine Learning

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

1. Introduction -- 2. Pre-trained Language Models -- 3. Improving Pre-trained Language Models -- 4. Knowledge Acquired by Foundation Models -- 5. Foundation Models for Information Extraction -- 6. Foundation Models for Text Generation -- 7. Foundation Models for Speech, Images, Videos, and Control -- 8. Summary and Outlook.

Sommario/riassunto

This open access book provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in research and applications of Foundation Models and is intended for readers familiar with basic Natural Language Processing (NLP) concepts. Over the recent years, a revolutionary new paradigm has been developed for training models for NLP. These models are first pre-trained on large collections of text documents to acquire general



syntactic knowledge and semantic information. Then, they are fine-tuned for specific tasks, which they can often solve with superhuman accuracy. When the models are large enough, they can be instructed by prompts to solve new tasks without any fine-tuning. Moreover, they can be applied to a wide range of different media and problem domains, ranging from image and video processing to robot control learning. Because they provide a blueprint for solving many tasks in artificial intelligence, they have been called Foundation Models. After a brief introduction to basic NLP models the main pre-trained language models BERT, GPT and sequence-to-sequence transformer are described, as well as the concepts of self-attention and context-sensitive embedding. Then, different approaches to improving these models are discussed, such as expanding the pre-training criteria, increasing the length of input texts, or including extra knowledge. An overview of the best-performing models for about twenty application areas is then presented, e.g., question answering, translation, story generation, dialog systems, generating images from text, etc. For each application area, the strengths and weaknesses of current models are discussed, and an outlook on further developments is given. In addition, links are provided to freely available program code. A concluding chapter summarizes the economic opportunities, mitigation of risks, and potential developments of AI.