Osteoarthritis (National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (U.S.))

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910713800003321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Bethesda, Maryland
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia

Complex population dynamics : nonlinear modeling in ecology, epidemiology, and genetics / / editors, Bernd Blasius, Jurgen Kurths, Lewi Stone

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910956249903321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Singapore ; ; Hackensack, NJ, : World Scientific, c2007
• ISBN: 9786611911782; 9781281911780; 128191178X; 9789812771582; 9812771581
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (257 p.)
• Collana: World Scientific lecture notes in complex systems ; ; v. 7
• Altri autori (Persone): BlasiusBernd; KurthsJ <1953-> (Jürgen); StoneLewi
• Disciplina: 577.8/8
• Soggetti: Population biology - Mathematical models; Ecology - Mathematical models; Epidemiology - Mathematical models; Genetics - Mathematical models
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
• Nota di contenuto: Contents; Preface; References; 1. Chaotic dynamics in food web ; systems; 1.1. Introduction; 1.2. Food web model formulation; 1.3. Detecting and quantifying chaotic dynamics in model food webs; 1.4. Dynamical patterns in food webs; 1.5. Chaos in real food webs and conclusion; References; 2. Generalized models ; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. The basic idea of generalized models; 2.3. Example: A general predator-prey system; 2.4. Additional difficulties in complex models; 2.5. A generalized spatial model; 2.6. Local stability in small and intermediate models; 2.7. Some results on global dynamics; 2.8. Numerical investigation of complex networks2.9. Discussion; References; 3. Dynamics of plant communities in drylands ; 3.1. Introduction; 3.2. Model for dryland water-vegetation systems; 3.3. Landscape states; 3.3.1. Mapping the landscape states along aridity gradients; 3.3.2. Coexistence of landscape states and state transitions; 3.3.3. Landscape states and aridity classes; 3.4. Plants as ecosystem engineers; 3.4.1. Facilitation vs. resilience; 3.4.2. Facilitation vs. competition; 3.5. Species richness: Pattern formation aspects; 3.5.1. The niche concept and the niche map; 3.5.2. Landscape diversity3.5.3. Environmental changes; 3.6. Conclusion; Acknowledgments; References; 4. Metapopulation dynamics and the evolution of dispersal ; 4.1. Introduction; 4.1.1. What is a metapopulation?; 4.1.2. Levins metapopulation model; 4.2. Metapopulation ecology in different models; 4.2.1. Local dynamics; 4.2.2. Finite number of patches with the Ricker model; 4.2.3. Infinite number of patches; 4.2.3.1. Model presentation; 4.2.3.2. Resident equilibrium; 4.3. Adaptive dynamics; 4.3.1. Invasion fitness; 4.3.2. Pairwise Invasibility Plots (PIP); 4.4. Evolution of dispersal; 4.4.1. Finite number of patches4.4.1.1. Fitness; 4.4.1.2. Fixed-point attractor; 4.4.1.3. Cyclic orbits; 4.4.2. Infinite number of patches; 4.4.2.1. Invasion fitness for the mutant; 4.4.2.2. Results; 4.4.3. Local growth with an Allee effect can result in evolu- tionary suicide; 4.4.3.1. Local population growth with an Allee effect; 4.4.3.2. Allee effect in the metapopulation model; 4.4.3.3. Bifurcation to evolutionary suicide; 4.4.3.4. Theory of evolutionary suicide; 4.5. Summary; References; 5. The scaling law of human travel - A message from; References; 6. Multiplicative processes in social systems 6.1. Introduction; 6.2. Models for Zipf's law in language; 6.3. City sizes and the distribution of languages; 6.4. Family names; 6.4.1. The effects of mortality; 6.4.2. The distribution of given names; 6.5. Conclusion; Acknowledgments; References; 7. Criticality in epidemiology ; 7.1. Introduction; 7.2. Simple epidemic models showing criticality; 7.2.1. The SIS epidemic; 7.2.2. Solution of the SIS system shows criticality; 7.2.3. The spatial SIS epidemic; 7.2.4. Dynamics for the spatial mean; 7.2.5. Moment equations; 7.2.6. Mean field behavior; 7.3. Accidental pathogens: the meningococcus
• Sommario/riassunto: "This collection of review articles is devoted to the modeling of ecological, epidemiological and evolutionary systems. Theoretical mathematical models are perhaps one of the most powerful approaches available for increasing our understanding of the complex population dynamics in these natural systems. Exciting new techniques are currently being developed to meet this challenge, such as generalized or structural modeling, adaptive dynamics or multiplicative processes. Many of these new techniques stem from the field of nonlinear dynamics and chaos theory, where even the simplest mathematical rule can generate a rich variety of dynamical behaviors that bear a strong analogy to biological populations."