Education policy and ethics [[electronic resource] /] / Mike Bottery

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910453594803321
• Autore: Bottery Mike
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: New York, : Continuum, 2000
• ISBN: 9786611783815; 1-281-78381-1; 0-8264-1964-X
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (269 p.)
• Disciplina: 370.1; 379.01
• Soggetti: School management and organization; Education and state - Moral and ethical aspects; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Contents; Acknowledgements; Introduction; 1 Educational Policies: The Global Context; 2 Educational Policies: The National Context; 3 Managerialism, Leadership and the Assault on Educational Values; 4 Uses and Abuses of Quality: The Need for a Civic Version; 5 The School Effectiveness Movement - Educational Research as an Agent of Policy Direction; 6 Education as Surveillance: The Development of Instruments of Control; 7 Fragmentation and the Loss of Meaning; 8 Getting the Balance Right: Duty as a Core Ethic in the Life of Educators; 9 Education and the Discourse of Civil Society; 10 Empowering an Ecology of ChangeReferences and bibliography; Index
• Sommario/riassunto: Across the world, a number of long-term trends - globalization, marketization, managerialism - are now impacting on national education policies. Here, Mike Bottery shows how, paradoxically, these forces are making education both more centralized and more fragmented. In this magisterial study of educational policy and practice, he shows the dangers this creates and, in response, how to create a more humane and democratic education system.

Carbon dioxide as chemical feedstock [[electronic resource] /] / edited by Michele Aresta

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910139471503321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Weinheim, : Wiley-VCH, c2010
• ISBN: 1-282-49158-X; 9786612491580; 3-527-62991-2; 3-527-62992-0
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (416 p.)
• Altri autori (Persone): ArestaM <1940-> (Michele)
• Disciplina: 546.6812
• Soggetti: Feedstock; Carbon dioxide - Industrial applications
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Carbon Dioxide as Chemical Feedstock; Contents; Preface; List of Contributors; 1: Carbon Dioxide: Utilization Options to Reduce its Accumulation in the Atmosphere; 1.1 Carbon Dioxide Emission; 1.2 The Accumulation of CO2 in the Atmosphere, and the Effects that We Fear; 1.3 Technologies to Reduce CO2 Accumulation in the Atmosphere; 1.4 The Utilization of CO2; 1.5 Conditions for Using CO2; 1.6 CO2: Sources and Prices; 1.7 The Potential for CO2 Utilization, and the Content of This Book; 1.8 The Need for Research to Speed an Exploitation of the Utilization Option; References; 2: Utilization of Dense Carbon Dioxide as an Inert Solvent for Chemical Syntheses2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Dense Carbon Dioxide as Solvent Medium for Chemical Processes; 2.3 Enzymatic Catalysis in Dense Carbon Dioxide; 2.4 Other Reactions in Dense Carbon Dioxide; 2.5 Polymer Synthesis in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide; 2.5.1 Chain Polymerizations: Synthesis of Fluoropolymers; 2.5.2 Step Polymerizations: Synthesis of Biodegradable Polymers; 2.6 Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; 3: Autotrophic Carbon Fixation in Biology: Pathways, Rules, and Speculations; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Mechanisms of CO2 Fixation3.2.1 The Calvin-Benson-Bassham ; (CBB) Cycle; 3.2.2 The Reductive Citric Acid Cycle (Arnon-Buchanan Cycle); 3.2.3 The Reductive Acetyl-CoA Pathway (Wood-Ljungdahl Pathway); 3.2.4 The 3-Hydroxypropionate/Malyl-CoA Cycle; 3.2.5 The 3-Hydroxypropionate/4-Hydroxybutyrate Cycle; 3.2.6 The Dicarboxylate/4-Hydroxybutyrate Cycle; 3.3 Rules to Explain the Diversity; 3.4 Evolutionary Aspects; 3.5 Chemical Aspects of CO2 Fixation; Acknowledgments; References; 4: Carbon Dioxide Coordination Chemistry and Reactivity of Coordinated CO2; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Carbon Dioxide Bonding to Metals4.3 Synthesis and Structure of CO2 Complexes; 4.3.1 Low-Temperature Matrix Isolation and Theoretical Studies; 4.3.2 Synthesis of Stable Complexes; 4.3.2.1 End-On Complexes; 4.3.2.2 Side-On Complexes; 4.3.2.3 Bridged Complexes; 4.3.2.4 Bridged Complexes Obtained by In-situ Synthesis; 4.4 Reactivity of CO2 Complexes; 4.4.1 C-O Bond Cleavage and O Transfer; 4.4.2 Reactions with Electrophiles; 4.4.3 Reactions with Nucleophiles; 4.5 CO2 Complexes as Reaction Intermediates in CO2 Utilization Processes; 4.5.1 Oxidative Coupling Reactions; 4.5.2 Reduction Reactions; 4.5.3 Catalytic Processes4.5.4 Bioinspired Reactions; 4.6 Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; 5: Main Group Element- and Transition Metal-Promoted Carboxylation of Organic Substrates (Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Aromatics, and Others); 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Formation of Aromatic Carboxylic Acids: The Kolbe-Schmitt Synthesis; 5.2.1 Kolbe-Schmitt Synthesis: Generalities; 5.2.2 Reaction Parameters and Mechanistic Studies of the Kolbe-Schmitt Synthesis; 5.2.3 Recent Applications of the Kolbe-Schmitt Carboxylation: Synthesis of 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium-2-Carboxylates; 5.2.4 Carboxylation of C-H-Acidic Compounds
• Sommario/riassunto: Filling the need for an up-to-date handbook, this ready reference closely investigates the use of CO2 for ureas, enzymes, carbamates, and isocyanates, as well as its use as a solvent, in electrochemistry, biomass utilization and much more.Edited by an internationally renowned and experienced researcher, this is a comprehensive source for every synthetic chemist in academia and industry.

De biografie van een Minangkabausen peperhandelaar in de Lampongs : naar een Maleis handschrift in de Marsden-Collection te Londen ultgegeven, verlaald en ingeleid / / door G. W. J. Drewes

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910156506803321
• Autore: Drewes Gerardus Willebrordus Joannes <1899->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Brill, 1961; Hague, Netherlands : , : Martinus Nijhoff, , 1961
• ISBN: 90-04-28662-4
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (159 pages)
• Collana: Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal- Land- en Volkenkunde ; ; Deel 36
• Disciplina: 301.4209598
• Soggetti: Malays (Asian people); Indonesia Sumatra; Sumatra (Indonesia) History
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Tedesco
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Sommario/riassunto: Indonesia

Act Making Supplemental Appropriations for the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2009, and for Other Purposes [[electronic resource]]

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910699070303321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: [Washington, D.C.] : , : [U.S. G.P.O.], , [2009]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (63 unnumbered pages)
• Soggetti: United States Appropriations and expenditures, 2009
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Title from title screen (viewed on Aug. 12, 2009).; "June 24, 2009 (H.R. 2346)."; "123 Stat. 1859."; "Public Law 111-32."

Coulson & Richardson's chemical engineering . Vol. 3a Chemical and biochemical reactors and reaction engineering / / edited by R. Ravi, R. Vinu, S. N. Gummadi

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910583035203321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Oxford : , : Butterworth-Heinemann, , 2017
• ISBN: 0-08-101223-3; 0-08-101096-6
• Edizione: [4th edition.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (598 pages) : illustrations
• Altri autori (Persone): CoulsonJ. M (John Metcalfe)
• Disciplina: 660
• Soggetti: Chemical engineering; Bioreactors
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Front Cover -- Coulson and Richardson's Chemical Engineering -- ; Coulson & Richardson's Chemical Engineering -- Coulson and Richardson's Chemical Engineering: Volume 3A: Chemical and Biochemical Reactors and Reaction Engineering -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- About Prof. Coulson -- About Prof. Richardson -- Preface -- Introduction -- 1 - Reactor Design-General Principles -- 1.1 Basic Objectives in Design of a Reactor -- 1.1.1 By-products and Their Economic Importance -- 1.1.2 Preliminary Appraisal of a Reactor Project -- 1.2 Classification of Reactors and Choice of Reactor Type -- 1.2.1 Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Reactors -- 1.2.2 Batch Reactors and Continuous Reactors -- 1.2.3 Variations in Contacting Pattern-Semibatch Operation -- 1.2.4 Influence of Heat of Reaction on Reactor Type -- 1.2.4.1 Adiabatic Reactors -- 1.2.4.2 Reactors With Heat Transfer -- 1.2.4.3 Autothermal Reactor Operation -- 1.3 Choice of Process Conditions -- 1.3.1 Chemical Equilibria and Chemical Kinetics -- 1.3.2 Calculation of Equilibrium Conversion -- 1.3.3 Ultimate Choice of Reactor Conditions -- 1.4 Material and Energy Balances -- 1.4.1 Material Balance and the Concept of Rate of Generation of a Species -- 1.4.2 Energy Balance -- 1.5 Chemical Kinetics and Rate Equations -- 1.5.1 Definition of Order of Reaction and Rate Constant -- 1.5.2 Influence of Temperature: Activation Energy -- 1.5.3 Rate Equations and Reaction Mechanism -- 1.5.4 Reversible Reactions -- 1.5.5 Experimental Determination of Kinetic Constants -- 1.6 Batch Reactors -- 1.6.1 Calculation of Reaction Time: Basic Design Equation -- 1.6.2 Reaction Time-Isothermal Operation -- 1.6.3 Maximum Production Rate -- 1.6.4 Reaction Time-Nonisothermal Operation -- 1.6.5 Adiabatic Operation -- 1.6.6 Kinetics From Batch Reactor Data -- 1.6.6.1 Differential Method -- 1.6.6.2 Integral Method.; 1.6.6.3 Differential Versus Integral Method: Comparison -- 1.6.6.4 Fractional Life Method -- 1.6.6.5 Kinetics of Gas-Phase Reactions From Pressure Measurements -- 1.7 Tubular Flow Reactors -- 1.7.1 Basic Design Equations for a Tubular Reactor -- 1.7.2 Tubular Reactors-Nonisothermal Operation -- 1.7.3 Pressure Drop in Tubular Reactors -- 1.7.4 Kinetic Data From Tubular Reactors -- 1.8 Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors -- 1.8.1 Assumption of Ideal Mixing: Residence Time -- 1.8.2 Design Equations for Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors -- 1.8.3 Graphical Methods -- 1.8.4 Autothermal Operation -- 1.8.5 Kinetic Data From Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors -- 1.9 Comparison of Batch, Tubular, and Stirred Tank Reactors for a Single Reaction: Reactor Output -- 1.9.1 Batch Reactor and Tubular Plug Flow Reactor -- 1.9.2 Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor -- 1.9.2.1 One Tank -- 1.9.2.2 Two Tanks -- 1.9.3 Comparison of Reactors -- 1.10 Comparison of Batch, Tubular, and Stirred Tank Reactors for Multiple Reactions: Reactor Yield -- 1.10.1 Types of Multiple Reactions -- 1.10.2 Yield and Selectivity -- 1.10.3 Reactor Type and Backmixing -- 1.10.4 Reactions in Parallel -- 1.10.4.1 Requirements for High Yield -- 1.10.4.1.1 Reactant Concentration and Reactor Type -- 1.10.4.1.2 Pressure in Gas-Phase Reactions -- 1.10.4.1.3 Temperature of Operation -- 1.10.4.1.4 Choice of Catalyst -- 1.10.4.2 Yield and Reactor Output -- 1.10.5 Reactions in Parallel-Two Reactants -- 1.10.6 Reactions in Series -- 1.10.6.1 Batch Reactor or Tubular Plug Flow Reactor -- 1.10.6.2 Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor-One Tank -- 1.10.6.3 Reactor Comparison and Conclusions -- 1.10.6.3.1 Reactor Type -- 1.10.6.3.2 Conversion in Reactor -- 1.10.6.3.3 Temperature -- 1.10.6.3.4 General Conclusions -- 1.10.7 Reactions in Series-Two Reactants -- 1.11 Appendix: Simplified Energy Balance Equations for Flow Reactors.; Nomenclature -- References -- Further Reading -- 2 - Flow Characteristics of Reactors-Flow Modeling -- 2.1 Nonideal Flow and Residence Time Distribution -- 2.1.1 Types of Nonideal Flow Patterns ; -- 2.1.2 Residence Time Distribution: Basic Concepts and Definitions -- 2.1.3 Experimental Determination of E(t) and F(t) -- 2.1.3.1 The Convolution Formula -- 2.1.3.2 Step and Impulse Responses -- 2.1.4 E and F Functions for Ideal Reactors -- 2.1.4.1 Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor -- 2.1.4.2 Plug Flow Reactor -- 2.1.5 Statistics of Residence Time Distribution -- 2.1.6 Application of Tracer Information to Reactors -- 2.2 Zero-Parameter Models-Complete Segregation and Maximum Mixedness Models -- 2.2.1 Special Case of First-Order Reactions: Equivalence of the Segregated and Maximum Mixedness Models -- 2.2.2 PFR and Zero-Parameter Models -- 2.2.3 Residence Time Distribution of the CSTR and the Zero-Parameter Models -- 2.2.4 Bounds on Conversion: Some General Rules -- 2.2.4.1 Zero-Order Kinetics -- 2.2.4.2 First-Order Kinetics -- 2.2.4.3 Second-Order Kinetics -- 2.3 Tanks-in-Series Model -- 2.3.1 Predicting Reactor Conversion From Tanks-in-Series Model -- 2.4 Dispersed Plug Flow Model -- 2.4.1 Axial Dispersion and Model Development -- 2.4.2 Basic Differential Equation -- 2.4.3 Response to an Ideal Pulse Input of Tracer -- 2.4.4 Experimental Determination of Dispersion Coefficient From a Pulse Input -- 2.4.4.1 Many Equally Spaced Points -- 2.4.4.2 Relatively Few Data Points but Each Concentration Ci Measured Instantaneously at Time ti () -- 2.4.4.3 Data Collected by a "Mixing Cup" -- 2.4.5 Further Development of Tracer Injection Theory -- 2.4.5.1 Significance of the Boundary Conditions -- 2.4.5.2 Dispersion Coefficients From Nonideal Pulse Data -- 2.4.5.3 Pulse of Tracer Moving Through a Series of Vessels.; 2.4.6 Values of Dispersion Coefficients From Theory and Experiment -- 2.4.7 Dispersed Plug Flow Model With First-Order Chemical Reaction -- 2.4.7.1 Case of Small DL/uL -- 2.4.7.2 Comparison With a Simple Plug Flow Reactor -- 2.4.8 Applications and Limitations of the Dispersed Plug Flow Model -- 2.5 Models Involving Combinations of the Basic Flow Elements -- Nomenclature -- References -- 3 - Gas-Solid Reactions and Reactors -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Mass Transfer Within Porous Solids -- 3.2.1 The Effective Diffusivity -- 3.2.1.1 The Molecular Flow Region -- 3.2.1.2 The Knudsen Flow Region -- 3.2.1.3 The Transition Region -- 3.2.1.4 Forced Flow in Pores -- 3.3 Chemical Reaction in Porous Catalyst Pellets -- 3.3.1 Isothermal Reactions in Porous Catalyst Pellets -- 3.3.2 Effect of Intraparticle Diffusion on Experimental Parameters -- 3.3.3 Nonisothermal Reactions in Porous Catalyst Pellets -- 3.3.4 Criteria for Diffusion Control -- 3.3.5 Selectivity in Catalytic Reactions Influenced by Mass and Heat Transfer Effects -- 3.3.5.1 Isothermal Conditions -- 3.3.5.2 Nonisothermal Conditions -- 3.3.5.3 Selectivity of Bifunctional Catalysts -- 3.3.6 Catalyst Deactivation and Poisoning -- 3.4 Mass Transfer From a Fluid Stream to a Solid Surface -- 3.5 Chemical Kinetics of Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions -- 3.5.1 Adsorption of a Reactant as the Rate-Determining Step -- 3.5.2 Surface Reaction as the Rate-Determining Step -- 3.5.3 Desorption of a Product as the Rate-Determining Step -- 3.5.4 Rate-Determining Steps for Other Mechanisms -- 3.5.5 Examples of Rate Equations for Industrially Important Reactions -- 3.5.6 Mechanism of Catalyst Poisoning -- 3.6 Design Calculations -- 3.6.1 Packed Tubular Reactors -- 3.6.1.1 Behavior of Reactors in the Absence of Dispersion -- 3.6.1.1.1 Isothermal Conditions -- 3.6.1.1.2 Adiabatic Conditions.; 3.6.1.1.3 Nonisothermal and Nonadiabatic Conditions -- 3.6.1.2 Dispersion in Packed Bed Reactors -- 3.6.1.2.1 The Nature of Dispersion -- 3.6.1.2.2 Axial Dispersion -- 3.6.1.2.3 Axial and Radial dispersion-Nonisothermal Conditions -- 3.6.2 Thermal Characteristics of Packed Reactors -- 3.6.2.1 Sensitivity of Countercurrent Cooled ; Reactors -- 3.6.2.2 The Autothermal Region -- 3.6.2.3 Stability of Packed Bed Tubular Reactors -- 3.6.3 Fluidized Bed Reactors -- 3.7 Gas-Solid Noncatalytic Reactors -- 3.7.1 Modeling and Design of Gas-Solid Reactors -- 3.7.2 Single Particle Unreacted Core Models -- 3.7.2.1 Unreacted Core Model-Chemical Reaction Control -- 3.7.2.2 Unreacted Core Model-Gas Film Control -- 3.7.2.3 Unreacted Core Model-Solid Product Layer Control -- 3.7.2.4 Limitations of Simple Models-Solids Structure -- 3.7.2.5 Shrinking Particles and Film Growth -- 3.7.3 Types of Equipment and Contacting Patterns -- 3.7.3.1 Fluidized Bed Reactor -- Nomenclature -- References -- Further Reading -- 4 - Gas-Liquid and Gas-Liquid-Solid Reactors -- 4.1 Gas-Liquid Reactors -- 4.1.1 Gas-Liquid Reactions -- 4.1.2 Types of Reactors -- 4.1.3 Rate Equations for Mass Transfer With Chemical Reaction -- 4.1.3.1 Rate of Transformation of A per Unit Volume of Reactor -- 4.1.3.1.1 Region I: β 2 -- 4.1.3.1.2 Region II: 0.02<β<2 -- 4.1.3.1.3 Region III: β<0.02 -- 4.1.4 Choice of a Suitable Reactor -- 4.1.5 Information Required for Gas-Liquid Reactor Design -- 4.1.5.1 Kinetic Constants of the Reaction -- 4.1.5.2 Physical Properties of the Gas and Liquid -- 4.1.5.3 Equipment Characteristics -- 4.1.6 Examples of Gas-Liquid Reactors -- 4.1.6.1 Packed Column Reactors -- 4.1.6.1.1 Height of Packing -- 4.1.6.1.2 Confirmation of Pseudo-First-Order Behavior -- 4.1.6.1.3 Further Comments -- 4.1.6.2 Agitated Tank Reactors: Flow Patterns of Gas and Liquid -- 4.1.6.2.1 Further Comments.; 4.1.6.3 Well-Mixed Bubble Column Reactors: Gas-Liquid Flow Patterns and Mass Transfer.