How China escaped the poverty trap / / Yuen Yuen Ang

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910465986603321
• Autore: Ang Yuen Yuen
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Ithaca, [New York] ; ; London, [England] : , : Cornell University Press, , 2016; ©2016
• ISBN: 1-5017-0640-3; 1-5017-0585-7
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (165 pages) : illustrations, tables
• Collana: Cornell Studies in Political Economy
• Disciplina: 338.951
• Soggetti: Economic development - China; Economic development - Developing countries; Poverty - China; Poverty - Developing countries; Electronic books.; China Economic conditions 1976-2000; China Economic conditions 2000-; China Economic policy 1976-2000; China Economic policy 2000-; Developing countries Social policy; Developing countries Economic policy
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Frontmatter -- Contents -- Figures and Tables -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: HOW DID DEVELOPMENT ACTUALLY HAPPEN? -- Part 1. FRAMEWORK AND BUILDING BLOCKS -- 1 MAPPING COEVOLUTION -- 2 DIRECTED IMPROVISATION -- Part 2. DIRECTION -- 3 BALANCING VARIETY AND UNIFORMITY -- 4 FRANCHISING THE BUREAUCRACY -- Part 3. IMPROVISATION -- 5 FROM BUILDING TO PRESERVING MARKETS -- 6 CONNECTING FIRST MOVERS AND LAGGARDS -- Conclusion: HOW DEVELOPMENT ACTUALLY HAPPENED BEYOND CHINA -- Appendix A: STEPS FOR MAPPING COEVOLUTION -- Appendix B: INTERVIEWS -- Notes -- References -- Index
• Sommario/riassunto: Before markets opened in 1978, China was an impoverished planned economy governed by a Maoist bureaucracy. In just three decades it evolved into the world's second-largest economy and is today guided by highly entrepreneurial bureaucrats. In How China Escaped the Poverty Trap, Yuen Yuen Ang explains this astonishing metamorphosis. Rather than insist that either strong institutions of good governance foster markets or that growth enables good governance, Ang lays out a new, dynamic framework for understanding development broadly. Successful development, she contends, is a coevolutionary process in which markets and governments mutually adapt.By mapping this coevolution, Ang reveals a startling conclusion: poor and weak countries can escape the poverty trap by first harnessing weak institutions-features that defy norms of good governance-to build markets. Further, she stresses that adaptive processes, though essential for development, do not automatically occur. Highlighting three universal roadblocks to adaptation, Ang identifies how Chinese reformers crafted enabling conditions for effective improvisation. How China Escaped the Poverty Trap offers the most complete synthesis to date of the numerous interacting forces that have shaped China's dramatic makeover and the problems it faces today. Looking beyond China, Ang also traces the coevolutionary sequence of development in late medieval Europe, antebellum United States, and contemporary Nigeria, and finds surprising parallels among these otherwise disparate cases. Indispensable to all who care about development, this groundbreaking book challenges the convention of linear thinking and points to an alternative path out of poverty traps.

Developing (Transformative) Environmental and Sustainability Education in Classroom Practice

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910674044703321
• Autore: Walshe Nicola
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Basel, : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2022
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (96 p.)
• Soggetti: Research & information: general
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Sommario/riassunto: Children today face significant challenges in response to living in a globalised world and the impact of environmental threats to the planet. As such, there is an increasing need for schools to have a global perspective and to cultivate a critical sense of environmental and social responsibility in students. Environmental and Sustainability Education (ESE) in schools is frequently promoted as a route to achieving this, as it has the potential to empower learners to develop the necessary knowledge, understanding, skills, or competences to respond to the complex socio-environmental issues. However, there remains a general lack of pedagogical consensus as to how to teach either about or for ESE within school contexts.To develop effective ESE pedagogies, some educators look to transformative learning theory to encourage learners to move beyond the simple acquisition of knowledge to a change in worldview which not only affects their deeper level of understanding but, importantly for ESE, builds their capacity to think critically and plays an active role in providing a sustainable transformation of society. This book explores the pedagogy and practice of ESE, particularly focus on transformative pedagogies. Exploring themes including the attitudes of the teachers who are implementing transformative pedagogies, the tensions and emotional loads that teachers experience when seeking to develop their professional identity in the context of ESE, and how learning through ESE-informed practice involves and is intimately connected with emotions, this book will be of ; significant value for researchers and practitioners globally looking to develop transformative ESE practice.