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UNINA9910346736903321 |
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Autore |
Uttara SenGupta |
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Titolo |
Macromolecular Structure Underlying Recognition in Innate Immunity |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (151 p.) |
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Collana |
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Frontiers Research Topics |
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Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Immune molecules have evolved to distinguish "self "molecules from "non-self", "altered self" and "danger" molecules. Recognition is mediated via interactions between pattern recognition receptor molecules (PPRs) and their ligands, which include hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions between amino acid residues on the PPRs and uncharged or charged groups on amino acid residues, sugar rings or DNA/RNA molecules. Recognition in innate immunity range from cases (C1q, mannin-binding protein etc) where recognition is orchestrated by interaction between many ligands with one receptor molecule, and density of interaction is necessary for strong specific recognition, distinct from weak non-specific binding, and cases such as TLRs and NLRs where recognition involves complexation of single receptor and ligand, followed by oligomerisation of the receptor molecule. The majority of PPR molecules bind and recognise a wide variety of ligands, e.g TLR4 recognises LPS (gram negative bacteria), Lipotechoic acid (gram positive bacteria), heat shock protein hsp60, respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein etc, molecules that are structurally dissimilar to each other. This indicates considerable flexibility in their binding domains (amino acid residue variations) and modes (hydrophobic and charged, direct or mediated via an adaptor molecule). However, in many cases there is a dearth of structural and molecular data available, required to delineate the mechanism of ligand binding underlining recognition in pathogen receptors in innate immunity. Insights into |
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requirements of conformation, charge, surface etc in the recognition and function of innate immunity receptors and their activation pathways, based on current data can suggest valuable avenues for future work. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910674007403321 |
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Autore |
Di Donato Loreto |
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Titolo |
Microwave Imaging and Electromagnetic Inverse Scattering Problems |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2020 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (170 p.) |
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History of engineering and technology |
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Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Microwave imaging techniques allow for the development of systems that are able to inspect, identify, and characterize in a noninvasive fashion under different scenarios, ranging from biomedical to subsurface diagnostics as well as from surveillance and security applications to nondestructive evaluation. Such great opportunities, though, are actually severely limited by difficulties arising from the solution of the underlying inverse scattering problem. As a result, ongoing research efforts in this area are devoted to developing inversion strategies and experimental apparatus so that they are as reliable and accurate as possible with respect to reconstruction capabilities and resolution performance, respectively. The intent of this Special Issue is to present the experiences of leading scientists in the electromagnetic inverse scattering community, as well as to serve as an assessment tool for people who are new to the area of microwave imaging and electromagnetic inverse scattering problems. |
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