Social choice theory : an introductory text / / Satish Kumar Jain

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910629286003321
• Autore: Jain Satish Kumar
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Singapore : , : Springer, , [2022]; ©2022
• ISBN: 9789811696619; 9789811696602
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (211 pages)
• Collana: Springer texts in business and economics
• Disciplina: 302.13
• Soggetti: Social choice
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Author -- Abbreviations -- Symbols -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Elementary Logic -- 2.1 Sentential Logic -- 2.1.1 Logical Connectives -- 2.1.2 Well-Formed Sentential Formulas -- 2.1.3 Tautologies, Contradictions, Contingent Formulas, and Logical Equivalences -- 2.1.4 Three Standard Proof Methods -- 2.2 Predicate Logic -- 2.2.1 Universally Valid Formulas -- 3 Sets, Relations, Functions -- 3.1 Sets -- 3.2 Relations -- 3.3 Functions -- 4 Binary Relations -- 4.1 Binary Relations and Some Important Properties -- 4.2 Some Elementary Propositions About Binary Relations -- 5 Social Choice Theoretic Framework and Arrow Impossibility Theorem -- 5.1 Social Choice Theoretic Framework -- 5.2 Arrow Impossibility Theorem -- 6 Some Important Value-Judgments, Rules and Theorems -- 6.1 Pareto-Optimality and Paretian Value-Judgment -- 6.2 Three Important Conditions on Social Decision Rules -- 6.2.1 Monotonicity Conditions -- 6.2.2 Anonymity (A) -- 6.2.3 Neutrality (N) -- 6.3 Characterization of the Method of Majority Decision -- 6.4 Pareto-Rule -- 7 Implications of Weakening of Some of Arrow Conditions -- 7.1 Implications of Weakening of Transitivity to Quasi-Transitivity -- 7.2 Implications of Weakening of Transitivity to Acyclicity -- 7.3 Acyclicity Under m-1m-Majority Rules -- 8 The Method of Majority Decision: Conditions for Transitivity and Quasi-Transitivity -- 8.1 The Reduced Form of a Profile -- 8.2 Necessary and Sufficient Condition for Transitivity -- 8.3 ; Necessary and Sufficient Condition for Quasi-Transitivity -- 8.4 Domain Restriction Conditions for Transitivity and Quasi-Transitivity -- 8.5 Latin Squares -- 8.6 Restrictions on Preferences -- 8.7 Domain Restriction Conditions for Transitivity and Quasi-Transitivity … -- 8.8 Single-Peaked Preferences -- 9 Strategic Aspects.; 9.1 Definitions, Assumptions, and Notation -- 9.2 Manipulability of Rules -- 9.2.1 The Two-Alternative Case -- 9.2.2 Manipulability of the MMD -- 9.2.3 The Plurality Rule -- 9.2.4 Manipulability of the Plurality Rule -- 9.3 Existence of Nash Equilibria -- 9.4 Existence of Strong Equilibria Under the Method of Majority Decision -- 9.5 Existence of Strong Equilibria Under the Plurality Rule -- 10 Summary and Concluding Remarks -- Solutions and Answers to Exercises -- Appendix References -- Subject Index.

The Origin of the Trust : A Comparative Linguistics and Law Perspective / / by Irina Gvelesiani

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910888598603321
• Autore: Gvelesiani Irina
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cham : , : Springer Nature Switzerland : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2024
• ISBN: 9783031690273; 3031690273
• Edizione: [1st ed. 2024.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (120 pages)
• Collana: Studies in the History of Law and Justice, , 2198-9850 ; ; 31
• Disciplina: 340.1
• Soggetti: Law - Philosophy; Law - History; Conflict of laws; International law; Comparative law; Equity; Trusts and trustees; Comparative linguistics; Law; Theories of Law, Philosophy of Law, Legal History; Private International Law, International and Foreign Law, Comparative Law; Equity and Trust in Common Law; Comparative Linguistics; Fundamentals of Law
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di contenuto: Introduction -- The General Overview of the Common Law Trust and the Theories of its Origin -- The Islamic Origin -- The Roman Origin -- The Roman-Germanic Origin -- The Germanic Origin -- Etymology of the English Lexical Unit Trust -- Some Facts from the History of the Franks – Migration, Language, Relations with Britain -- Salic Law and English Law-Codes -- The Salians’ Law-Codes and the Trust-Related Words Presented in Them -- Conclusions.
• Sommario/riassunto: This book offers an interdisciplinary approach that covers linguistics and jurisprudence, shows the interconnectedness of law and language, singles out major theories related to the emergence of the concept of trust and discusses them from the perspective of legal linguistics. Contemporary globalizing processes change the contours of different spheres of life. Against the backdrop of ongoing changes, an overall tendency emerges of the unifying and harmonizing legal systems. The dominance of American and English law firms fuels a broader worldwide circulation of Anglo-American legal concepts and instruments. Increasing contacts of non-trust jurisdictions with trustees and trust assets promote the use of trusts and trust-like devices in civil law jurisdictions. As a result, the interest towards the entrusting relationships increases. The research in this book is based on the methods of descriptive and structural-semantic analyses. Emphasis is put on the interinfluence of the West Germanic languages and the laws of the Germanic tribes, the Salian Franks and the Anglo-Saxons. The book consults selected Franconian manuscripts, lex salica and lex ripuaria, and dictionaries for the study and interpretation of the trust-related lexical units. The results of the research shed a new light on the origin of the common law trust and its predecessor use. The book is intended for legal linguists, lawyers, legal practitioners, legal historians and for researchers and students in the fields of trust law, legal linguistics, and legal history.

Never Speak to Strangers and Other Writing from Russia and the Soviet Union / / David Satter

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910968874703321
• Autore: Satter David, Prof
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hannover, : ibidem, 2020
• ISBN: 3-8382-7357-5
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (693 pages)
• Disciplina: 320
• Soggetti: Political science
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Abbreviations and Administrative Delineations -- Introduction -- Never Speak to Strangers -- Impressions of Moscow: Beyond the Looking Glass -- Soviets' Long Queue to Nowhere -- Angry Russians Can't Understand Inflation -- The Dissidents Who Strive for Western Freedoms in Russia -- The Ghost in the Machine -- The Price of Respectability -- Taking a Healthy Rest -- The Price of Soviet Achievements -- A Burning Issue -- From Russia Without Love -- Trials of the Workers -- The Price of Calling the Helsinki Bluff -- Shaken, but Ready to Rise Again -- Soviet Dissent and the Cold War -- Why Moscow Has Georgia on Its Mind -- Angry Nationalist Struggle Against Soviet Power -- Afghanistan's Rocky Road to Socialism -- Russia's 'Civilised North' -- Moscow Yields to 'Interference' -- Tensions Between Systems Show at Summit -- Bitter-Sweet Search for Ancestors in Ukraine -- The Crime That Can Only Exist Behind Closed Borders -- Planning and Politics Strangle the Soviet Economy -- Josef Stalin's Legacy Leaves Soviet Leaders in Dilemma -- Sakharov's Arrest Links Dissidence with Detente -- The Limits of Detente -- 200 Soviet Officials Held -- Fighting a War of Shadows -- Moscow Starts 'Phoney War' Over Peace -- Why the Russians Think They Have Taken Schmidt for a Ride -- Russia Through the Looking Glass -- View from Middle Russia -- How the Kremlin Kept Moscow Under Wraps -- Russia Keeping Its Hands off Poland -- Where Some Miners Are More Equal Than Others -- Moscow Weighs Gains and Losses Against Dictates of Ideology -- Soviet Defeat in Poland -- Few Goods in Grocery Store 7 -- The Soviet View of ; Information -- A Match for the Soviets -- The KGB Puts Down a Marker -- The System of Forced Labor in Russia -- The Soviets Freeze a Peace Worker -- What Russia Tells Russians About Afghanistan -- The Legacy of Leonid Brezhnev.; The Soviets Slam the Door on Jewish Emigration -- Soviet Threat Is One of Ideas More Than Arms -- Treating Soviet Psychiatric Abuse -- The Kremlin Tortures a Psychiatrist -- Yuri Andropov: The Specter Vanishes -- Private Soviet Screenings of Forbidden Films? Insane! -- In New Gulag, Soviets Turning to Murder by Neglect -- Don't Talk with Murderers -- Moscow Feeds a Lap-Dog Foreign Press -- Moscow's 'New Openness' Illusion -- A Test Case -- Why Glasnost Can't Work -- A Journalist Who Loved His Country -- Response to Fukuyama -- Winter in Moscow -- Setting the Sverdlovsk Story Straight -- Moscow Believes in Tears -- The Seeds of Soviet Instability -- Yeltsin: Shadow of a Doubt -- A Tragic Master Plan -- The Failure of Russian Reformers -- Rude Awakening -- Yeltsin: Modified Victory -- Organized Crime Is Smothering Russian Civil Society -- The Wild East -- The Shadow of Aum Shinri Kyo -- The Cost of the Yeltsin Presidency -- The Rise of the Russian Criminal State -- The Human Rights Situation in Russia -- Anatomy of a Massacre -- The Shadow of Ryazan -- Not so Quick -- Death in Moscow -- Stalin's Legacy -- A Low, Dishonest Decadence -- Terror in Russia: Myths and Facts -- Ordinary Monsters -- The Murder of Paul Klebnikov -- The Tragedy of Beslan -- The Communist Curse -- Stalin Is Back -- What Andropov Knew -- G-8 Crasher -- Nikita Khrushchev's Hard Bargains -- Who Killed Litvinenko? -- Boris Yeltsin -- Russia on Trial -- Land for Peace -- Putin Changes Jobs-and Russia -- Poisonous Patriotism -- Obama and Russia -- Who Murdered These Russian Journalists? -- Obama's Outreach to Muslims Won't Achieve Its Goal -- Putin Runs the Russian State-and the Russian Church Too -- Mission to Moscow -- Obama's Russian Odyssey -- Psyching out U.S. Leaders -- The President's Mission to Moscow -- The Summit: Day 2 -- Natalya Estemirova -- A Wounded Bear Is Dangerous.; Pining for Authoritarianism -- Remembering Beslan -- Afghanistan: Lessons from the Soviet Invasion -- Yesterday Communism, Today Radical Islam -- A Passion to Relive the Past -- Road to 'Zero' -- Symposium: Is Hannah Arendt Still Relevant? -- Women Who Blow Themselves Up -- A Hollow Achievement in Prague -- Symposium: When Does a Religion Become an Ideology? -- That Russian Spy Ring: The Broader Meaning -- Never Forget: New Fanatical Ideology, Same Prescription: Defeat -- Khodorkovsky's Fate -- Putin's Facade Begins to Crumble -- Why Putin Is Tottering -- The Character of Russia -- Obama's Open Microphone -- Russia's Chance for Redemption -- Russia and the Communist Past -- Awaiting the Next Revolution -- Clinton in the WSJ Strays on Russia Relations -- Punk-Rock Authoritarianism -- The Long Shadow of "Nord Ost" -- Russia's Orphans -- David Satter on Life in the Soviet Police State -- Russians Arrest CIA Agent -- The NSA and the Soviet Union -- Obama Defends Putin -- Russia's False Concern for Children -- Putin and Obama in St. Petersburg -- The Curse of Russian "Exceptionalism" -- Snowden's New Identity -- Did Putin Insult the Pope? -- Why Journalists Frighten Putin -- Open Letter to Margarita Simonyan, Chief Editor of Russia Today -- My Expulsion from Russia -- Putin's Shaky Hold on Power -- The Russian State of Murder Under Putin -- Putin Is No Partner on Terrorism -- Russia Questions for Rex Tillerson -- The 'Trump Report' Is a Russian Provocation -- Trump Gives a Boost to Putin's Propaganda -- From Russia With Chaos -- Trump Must Stand Strong Against Putin -- How America Helped Make Vladimir Putin Dictator for Life -- Who Killed Boris Nemtsov? -- 100 Years of Communism-and 100 Million ; Dead -- A Christmas Encounter With the 'Russian Soul' -- How to Answer Russia's Escalation -- Putin's Aggression Is the Issue in Helsinki.; The Satirist Who Mocked the Kremlin-and Russian Character -- When Russian Democracy Died -- Contribution to "We Need Sakharov" -- Collusion or Russian Disinformation? -- A Pioneer Who Witnessed Revolutions -- Hold Russia Accountable for MH17 -- Afterword to English Language Edition of Judgment in Moscow -- Acknowledgements.
• Sommario/riassunto: David Satter arrived in the Soviet Union in June, 1976 as the correspondent of the Financial Times of London and entered a country that was a giant theater of the absurd. After 1982, he was banned from the Soviet Union but allowed back in 1990, and finally expelled in 2013 on the grounds that the secret police regarded his presence as “undesirable.” From 1976 to the present, he saw four different Russias, which differed from each other radically while remaining essentially the same. From 1976 to 1982, the Soviet Union was at the height of its world power and its people were in thrall to an absurd ideology. With the advent of Gorbachev’s perestroika, the Soviet population was liberated from the ideology and the state hurtled to its inevitable collapse. When independent Russia emerged from the wreckage, the failure to replace the missing ideology with genuine moral values led to Russia’s complete criminalization. The articles in this unique collection are a chronicle of Russia from the day David Satter arrived in the Soviet Union until the present. Emigres from the states of the former Soviet Union often despair of their inability to convey the true character of their experiences to the West. Penetrating the veil of Russian mystification requires effort and the ability to understand that seeing is not always believing. The Russians have created an entire false world for our benefit. This collection reflects David Satter’s 40-year attempt to see them as they are.