Neuroepidemiology / / volume editors Caterina Rosano, M. Arfan Ikram, and Mary Ganguli

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910583334903321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Amsterdam : , : Elsevier, , [2016]; ©2016
• ISBN: 0-12-802990-0; 0-12-802973-0
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (352 p.)
• Collana: Handbook of clinical neurology ; ; 3rd series, volume 138
• Soggetti: Nervous system - Diseases - Epidemiology; Nervous System Diseases - epidemiology; Epidemiologic Methods
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Front Cover; Neuroepidemiology; Copyright; Handbook of Clinical Neurology 3rd Series; Foreword; Preface; Contributors; Contents; Section 1: Principles and foundations of epidemiology and neurology research; Chapter 1: Epidemiology for the clinical neurologist; What is epidemiology?; Uses of epidemiology; Making a community diagnosis; Measurement of disease in populations: prevalence vs. incidence; Prevalence; Incidence; What is the relationship between prevalence and incidence?; Incidence; Prevalence; Mortality; Completing the clinical picture; The importance of sampling; Random sampling; Sample sizep-value; Power; Effect size; Making inferences from the sample to the population; Normal distribution and confidence limits; Identifying causal/risk factors; Observational studies; Descriptive studies; Ecologic studies; Cross-sectional studies; Case-control studies; Cohort studies; Nested case-control studies; Experimental studies; Randomized controlled trials; Field trials; Community trials; Measures of association; Odds ratio; Relative risk or risk ratio; Timing and duration of exposure; Sources of error in epidemiologic studies; Bias; Selection bias; Information/measurement bias; ConfoundingEstablishing causality in epidemiologic studies; Computing ; individual risk; Screening tests; Charting historic trends; Cohort effects; Delineating new syndromes; Evaluating health services; Misuses of epidemiology; Summary; References; Chapter 2: Population neuroscience; Genes and gene regulation; Physical and social environment; Geographic Information Systems; Aggregate data; Cohort member; Brain structure and function; Brain structure; T1-weighted images; Diffusion tensor imaging; Magnetic transfer imaging; Brain function; Reproducibility; Interpretation; Directionality of structure-function relationshipsFunctional and structural connectivity; Future directions; Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 3: Advanced epidemiologic and analytical methods; Introduction; Relevance of critical appraisal in observational epidemiology; Relevance of critical appraisal in analytic epidemiology; The scopes of neuroepidemiology; Life-course epidemiology; Definitions and key concepts; Main purpose(s); Causal pathways; Timing; Explanatory mechanisms; Methods in life-course epidemiology; Study designs and type of data needed; Formulating hypothesis; Steps of statistical analysis in life-course epidemiologyFurther examples of sources of errors and bias in epidemiologic studies; Two-phase designs; Use of medical records to ascertain outcome status and information/measurement bias; Competing risks and informative censoring; Mediation; References; Chapter 4: Basics of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology; Cellular structure and function; Neurons; Neurotransmission; Neurotransmitters; Glia; Brain structure; Gray matter and white matter; White-matter lesions; Functional systems; Sensory systems: visual, auditory, chemosensory, somatic systems; Visual system