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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910484543003321 |
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Titolo |
Climate change in Poland : past, present, future / / Małgorzata Falarz, editor |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021] |
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©2021 |
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ISBN |
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Edizione |
[1st ed. 2021.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (XV, 581 p. 279 illus., 250 illus. in color.) |
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Collana |
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Springer Climate, , 2352-0698 |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Climatic changes - Poland |
Climatic changes |
Poland |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Introduction -- Initial research of climate change in Poland -- Data and methods of investigations -- Homogeneity of climate series -- Climate change before instrumental measurements -- Change of atmospheric circulation -- Air pressure change -- Solar radiation change -- Change of sunshine -- Change of cloudiness -- Air temperature change -- Air humidity change -- Precipitation change -- Snow cover change -- Change of wind -- Change of selected meteorological phenomena -- Change of bioclimatic indices -- Change of weather types -- Projections of temperature changes in Poland -- Projections of precipitation changes in Poland -- Projected changes in thermal indices related to the agriculture and energy sectors -- Climate change in Poland – summary, discussion and conclusion. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This edited book provides a comprehensive overview of the past, present and future climate development in Poland. The book consists of three main parts. The first part presents the results of the study of climate change before instrumental measurements in Poland in the last millennium. The second part analyses the long-term changes and variability of 36 climate characteristics for 14 climate elements, indices, meteorological phenomena and weather types using data from 79 weather stations in the base period 1951–2018 and for long series up |
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to 239 years (1780–2018). The particular attention is paid to climate extremes. The third part of the book deals with projected changes in temperature, precipitation and thermal indices related to the agriculture and energy sectors. Two future time horizons are carried out: 1) near future: 2021–2050 and 2) far future: 2071–2100. The results for Poland are compared to those from Europe and other parts of the world. The book is addressed to scientists (climatologists, geographers, etc.), academic teachers, students, journalists and all those interested in Poland and climate change in Poland. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910583048503321 |
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Titolo |
The energy internet : an open energy platform to transform legacy power systems into open innovation and global economic engines / / edited by Wencong Su, Alex Q. Huang |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Duxford, United Kingdom : , : Woodhead Publishing, an imprint of Elsevier, , [2019] |
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©2019 |
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ISBN |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (400 pages) |
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Collana |
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Woodhead Publishing in energy |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Electric power distribution - Automation |
Renewable resource integration |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Front Cover -- The Energy Internet -- Related titles -- The Energy Internet -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of contributors -- Preface -- One - Enabling Technologies and Technical Solutions -- 1 - Centralized, decentralized, and distributed control for Energy Internet -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.1.1 Smart grid versus Energy Internet -- 1.1.2 The role of microgrids in the structure of the Energy Internet -- 1.1.3 Data acquisition in the legacy power system and Energy Internet network -- 1.2 Energy management approaches in energy networks -- 1.2.1 Centralized control -- 1.2.2 Decentralized control -- 1.2.3 |
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Distributed control -- 1.3 Characteristics of communication networks of Energy Internet network -- 1.4 Conclusion and future research -- References -- 2 - Solid state transformers, the Energy Router and the Energy Internet -- 2.1 The Energy Internet -- 2.2 The Energy Router -- 2.3 Medium voltage power electronics based distribution system -- 2.4 Status of solid state transformer developments -- 2.5 Smart grid functionalities of the solid state transformer -- 2.5.1 Reactive power support -- 2.5.2 Voltage sag mitigation -- 2.5.3 Harmonic mitigation -- 2.5.4 Current limiting and short circuit protection -- 2.5.5 DC connectivity and DC microgrid -- 2.5.6 Solid state transformer as an Energy Router -- 2.6 Conclusions -- References -- 3 - Energy Internet blockchain technology -- 3.1 Overview -- 3.2 The application of blockchain technology in energy scenarios -- 3.2.1 The impact of blockchain technology on the Energy Internet -- 3.2.1.1 The inherent consistency of the Energy Internet and blockchain technology -- 3.2.2 Application of blockchain technology in energy scenarios -- 3.2.2.1 Pain points of the energy industry -- Power generation -- Power transmission and distribution -- Power consumption -- 3.2.3 Application scenarios -- 3.2.3.1 Power generation. |
Auxiliary services -- Power generation management -- Distributed power source operation and maintenance management -- 3.2.3.2 Transmission and distribution -- Automatic dispatch -- Unified multienergy metering -- Security of information and the physical system -- 3.2.3.3 Load -- Design of virtual power plant -- Application in the carbon market -- 3.3 Application case analysis of blockchain technology in the energy industry -- 3.3.1 America: TransActive Grid -- 3.3.2 Australia: Power Ledger -- 3.3.3 China: Energy Blockchain Lab -- 3.4 Challenges in the application of blockchain technology in the energy industry -- 3.4.1 Technical challenges -- 3.4.1.1 Low throughput -- 3.4.1.2 Underdeveloped IOT technology -- 3.4.1.3 Validation breaches and privacy leakage risks -- 3.4.2 Policy challenges -- 3.4.2.1 Regulatory and normative policies -- 3.4.2.2 Industrial monopoly limits the application of the energy blockchain -- 3.4.2.3 Obstacle from the game of stakeholders -- 3.4.2.4 Collection of electricity surcharge -- 3.4.2.5 Initial coin offering financing problem -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- Further reading -- 4 - Resilient community microgrids: governance and operational challenges -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Benefits, challenges, and advantages of multistakeholder microgrids -- 4.2.1 Scale -- 4.2.2 Diversification -- 4.2.3 Enhanced or enabled benefits -- 4.2.4 Challenges for multistakeholder microgrids -- 4.2.4.1 Cost -- 4.2.4.2 Governance and operations -- 4.2.4.3 Technical operations -- 4.3 Benefit of improving restoration rate in the initial recovery phase -- 4.3.1 Major events -- 4.3.1.1 Commercial and industrial cost models -- Medium and large commercial and industrial cost model -- Small commercial and industrial cost model -- 4.3.1.2 Residential cost model -- Food spoilage and meals -- Shelter cost -- Inconvenience costs. |
Health and safety costs -- 4.3.1.3 Restoration model -- Restoration model case study -- 4.3.1.4 Numerical analysis of the effect of increased number of crews in the restoration model -- 4.3.1.5 Cost analysis of the case study -- 4.4 Potsdam case study -- 4.4.1 Reforming the energy vision overview -- 4.4.2 Potsdam microgrid project -- 4.4.2.1 Monetary and societal benefits -- Generation -- Demand response -- Microgrid controller and system management -- 4.4.2.2 Business model option for potsdam microgrid -- 4.5 Community benefits -- 4.5.1 Regional and societal benefits -- 4.5.2 Cost recovery -- 4.6 Critical issues -- 4.7 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Further reading -- 5 - Electricity |
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market reform -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Electricity market paradigms within energy internet -- 5.2.1 Internetwork trading with peer-to-peer models -- 5.2.2 Indirect customer-to-customer trading -- 5.2.3 Prosumer community groups -- 5.3 Transactive energy as a platform for energy transactions -- 5.3.1 Motivation and definition of transactive electrical grid -- 5.3.2 The development of transactive energy -- 5.3.3 Energy transactions and business model innovations -- 5.3.4 Challenges and future development of transactive energy -- 5.4 Conclusion -- References -- 6 - Medium-voltage DC power distribution technology -- 6.1 Development background -- 6.2 Application advantages and scenarios -- 6.3 System architecture technology -- 6.3.1 Topology -- 6.3.2 Bus structure -- 6.3.3 Grounding form -- 6.3.3.1 Grounding location -- 6.3.3.2 Grounding type -- 6.3.4 Organization forms of distributed sources -- 6.3.5 Connection forms between different buses -- 6.4 Key equipment technology -- 6.4.1 Voltage source converter -- 6.4.2 DC transformer -- 6.4.3 DC breaker -- 6.5 Control technology -- 6.5.1 Converter control -- 6.5.2 Multisource coordination control. |
6.5.2.1 Bus voltage control -- 6.5.2.2 Power quality management -- 6.5.3 Multibus network-level control -- 6.6 Protection technology -- 6.7 Practical medium-voltage DC Energy Internet systems in China -- 6.7.1 Medium-voltage DC Energy Internet system in Shenzhen -- 6.7.1.1 Technical demands from Baolong Industrial Park -- 6.7.1.2 Two-terminal "Hand in Hand" architecture -- 6.7.1.3 Key equipment scheme -- 6.7.1.4 Multifunctional operation ways -- Two-terminal power supply operation -- Single-terminal power supply operation -- Two-terminal isolation operation -- Power support operation -- STATCOM operation -- Back-to-back operation -- Island operation -- 6.7.1.5 Protection scheme -- 6.7.2 Medium-voltage DC Energy Internet system in Zhuhai -- 6.7.2.1 Technical demands from Tangjiawan Science Park -- 6.7.2.2 Three-terminal architecture -- 6.7.2.3 Key equipment scheme -- 6.7.2.4 Control scheme -- 6.8 Summary -- 7 - Transactive energy in future smart homes -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Demand response -- 7.3 Demand response programs -- 7.4 Transactive energy -- 7.5 Transactive energy definition -- 7.6 What is the Gridwise Architecture Council? -- 7.7 Transactive energy framework and attributes -- 7.8 Transactive energy principles and purpose -- 7.8.1 Transactive energy purpose -- 7.8.2 Transactive energy principles -- 7.9 Transactive energy control and coordination -- 7.10 Transactive energy challenges -- 7.10.1 Consumer behavior -- 7.10.2 System management -- 7.10.3 Scalability -- 7.10.4 Technology -- 7.11 Transactive energy systems -- 7.11.1 Definition of transactive energy systems -- 7.12 Transactive energy in home energy management systems -- 7.12.1 Challenges and opportunities of home energy management system -- 7.12.2 Case study -- 7.12.2.1 Modeling framework for the smart homes -- 7.12.2.2 Problem formulation for the smart homes -- Objective function. |
Power balance constraints -- PV constraints -- Battery storage constraints -- Local transaction market constraints -- 7.12.2.3 Operation models for smart homes based on transactive energy management -- 7.12.2.4 Numerical results analysis -- 7.13 Future work -- 7.14 Conclusion -- References -- 8 - Emerging data encryption methods applicable to Energy Internet -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Importance of digital signatures in the Energy Internet -- 8.3 Secret key cryptography (symmetric key cryptography) -- 8.4 Public key cryptography (asymmetric key cryptography) -- 8.5 Quantum key distribution -- 8.6 Application of quantum key distribution to the Energy Internet -- 8.7 Comparison of different cryptography methods- |
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pros and cons -- 8.8 Future trends and opportunities in cyber security -- References -- Two - Real-world Implementation and Pilot Projects -- 9 - Enabling technologies and technical solutions for the Energy Internet: lessons learned and case studies from Pecan Stre ... -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Characteristic technologies of the energy internet -- 9.3 A smarter grid: information and communication technology solutions -- 9.3.1 Cybersecurity considerations -- 9.3.2 Big data management and software as a service solutions -- 9.3.2.1 Case study: automated demand response coordination for transformer load balancing -- 9.4 Prosumers: enabling proactive energy consumers -- 9.4.1 Power factor correction strategies -- 9.4.1.1 Case study: battery as generation and load shifting -- 9.4.1.2 Case study: islanding as a demand response application for batteries -- 9.5 Recommendations for accelerating the shift toward clean energy -- 9.6 Conclusion -- References -- 10 - How the Brooklyn Microgrid and TransActive Grid are paving the way to next-gen energy markets -- 10.1 Transactive energy -- 10.1.1 Energy marketplace. |
10.1.1.1 Growing adoption of renewable energy. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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The Energy Internet: An Open Energy Platform to Transform Legacy Power Systems into Open Innovation and Global Economic Engines is an innovative concept that changes the way people generate, distribute and consume electrical energy. With the potential to transform the infrastructure of the electric grid, the book challenges existing power systems, presenting innovative and pioneering theories and technologies that will challenge existing norms on generation and consumption. Researchers, academics, engineers, consultants and policymakers will gain a thorough understanding of the Energy Internet that includes a thorough dissemination of case studies from the USA, China, Japan, Germany and the U.K. The book's editors provide analysis of various enabling technologies and technical solutions, such as control theory, communication, and the social and economic aspects that are central to obtaining a clear appreciation of the potential of this complex infrastructure. |
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