Interventional cardiology : principles and practice / / edited by George D. Dangas, [and three others]

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910573096203321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hoboken, New Jersey : , : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., , [2022]; ©2022
• ISBN: 1-119-69736-0; 1-119-69737-9
• Edizione: [3rd ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (881 pages)
• Disciplina: 617.412
• Soggetti: Coronary heart disease - Surgery
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Contributors -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Companion Website -- PART I Principles and Techniques -- CHAPTER 1 Atherogenesis and Inflammation -- Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis -- Inception of the plaque -- Endothelial dysfunction -- Cholesterol -- Oxidative stress -- Progression of atherosclerotic plaque -- Stable plaque -- The vulnerable plaque -- Vulnerable plaque: a shift towards Th1 pattern -- Plaque erosions -- Neoatherosclerosis -- Insights from coronary imaging -- Intravascular imaging (IVUS) -- Backscattered radio-frequency (RF) IVUS -- Optical coherence tomography (OCT) -- OCT assessment of culprit lesions with ACS -- Plaque erosion -- Calcified nodule -- OCT-derived Vulnerable Plaques -- Macrophage infiltration -- Cholesterol crystal (CCs) -- Neovascularization -- Neoatherosclerosis -- Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) -- Lipid rich plaques -- Serum markers correlated to plaque inflammation -- Markers of inflammation -- Biomechanical stress as a trigger for plaque progression and rupture -- Future challenges in the treatment of vulnerable plaques -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 2 The Essentials of Femoral Vascular Access and Closure -- Femoral access -- Anatomy -- Puncture technique -- Ultrasound guided femoral access -- Micropuncture technique -- Femoral access closure -- Manual compression -- Vascular closure ; devices -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 3 Radial Artery, Alternative Arm Access, and Related Techniques -- Introduction -- Rationale and evidence for transradial access -- Pre-procedural considerations -- Radial vs ulnar -- Right vs left radial -- Proximal vs distal radial approach -- Access technique and navigating common problems -- Access technique -- Navigating common anatomical problems -- Other Barriers.; Complications and management -- Spasm -- Hematoma -- Compartment syndrome -- Radial or brachial artery perforation -- Radial artery occlusion (RAO) -- Catheter kinking and/or entrapment -- Hemostasis techniques -- Future directions -- Distal radial access -- Radial and slender clubs -- "Safe femoral" strategy -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 4 Optimal Angiographic Views for Coronary Angioplasty -- Catheter selection -- Left coronary -- Right coronary -- Radial approach -- Coronary intubation -- Diagnostic angiography -- Left-sided views -- Right-sided views -- Lesion-specific approach -- Optimal views for each coronary segment -- Left main stem -- Left anterior descending -- Circumflex -- Right coronary artery -- Vein grafts -- Left internal mammary artery grafts -- Coronary variants -- Ventriculography -- Transplanted Heart -- References -- CHAPTER 5 Material Selection -- Guide catheter selection -- Functional design of modern guide catheters -- Size requirements -- Shape selection -- Length -- Side holes or not? -- Variation in access site -- Vein grafts -- Left and right internal mammary arteries -- Gastroepiploic artery grafts -- Support -- Guide catheter support -- Hybrid support -- Adjunctive techniques -- Guide catheter extensions -- Guidewire selection -- Balloon catheters -- Anatomy of a balloon catheter -- Non-compliant balloon catheters -- Microcatheters -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 6 Statistical Essentials in the Design and Analysis of Clinical Trials -- The fundamentals -- Significance tests and p-values -- Estimating the magnitude of effect -- A 95% confidence interval to express uncertainty -- Interpreting p-values -- Link between p-values and confidence intervals -- Time to event data -- Quantitative data -- Trial design: the fundamentals -- Control group -- Randomization -- Trial size and power calculations.; Additional topics in clinical design and analysis -- Superiority and non-inferiority designs -- Intention to treat, modified intention to treat, and per-protocol analyses -- Bayesian approach -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 7 Physiologic Assessment and Guidance in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory -- Why to use physiology -- Practical considerations of pressure wire measurement -- Pressure recording system -- Guiding catheter selection -- Guide catheter damping -- Pressure wire preparation -- Pressure wire normalization or equalization -- Essential pharmacology -- Performing physiological measurement -- Hyperemic agents -- Pullback and drift check -- Pressure wire assessment after PCI -- Catheter laboratory conditions for pressure wire assessment -- Performing an optimal pressure wire pullback -- Practical tips and tricks of performing the iFR Pullback -- Co-Registration of iFR-Pullback with Angiographic Data -- Commonly missed mistakes in Physiological Assessment -- Pressure-only indices to guide coronary intervention -- Fractional Flow Reserve -- Consideration of right atrial pressure -- Stenosis specific assessment -- Thresholds for significance and evidence to support -- FFR outside typical scenarios -- FFR in Acute Coronary Syndromes -- Algorithmically determined FFR -- The instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) and other non-hyperemic pressure ratios (NHPRs) -- IFR in Clinical Trials -- Novel Non-Hyperemic Indices -- NHPR use scenarios -- NHPR-Pullback -- Choosing between NHPR and FFR: when is one better ; than the other? -- Does discrepancy matter? -- Physiology after PCI -- FFR after PCI -- NHPR after PCI and the DEFINE-PCI study -- Using Physiology to Guide PCI Strategy -- The Microcirculation -- Ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) -- IMR: a clinical tool to assess microvascular function -- References.; CHAPTER 8 Intravascular Ultrasound: Principles, Image Interpretation, and Clinical Applications -- Principles of IVUS imaging -- Equipment for IVUS examination -- Imaging artifacts -- Ring-down -- Non-uniform rotational distortion -- Reverberations -- Other artifacts -- Image acquisition and presentation -- Normal artery morphology -- Quantitative analysis -- Qualitative analysis -- Comparison of IVUS and angiography -- Coronary artery remodeling -- Unstable lesions -- Detection of Vunerable Plaque -- Role of intravascular imaging for assessment of lesion severity -- Other unusual lesion morphology -- Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) -- Guidance for stent implantation -- Stent sizing -- Stent expansion and malapposition -- Clinical outcomes using IVUS for non-LMCA and LMCA PCI -- Clinical outcomes using IVUS for LMCA PCI -- Special imaging cases -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 9 Optical Coherence Tomography, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, and Near-Infrared Fluorescence Molecular Imaging -- Optical coherence tomography -- Catheter preparation, calibration, image acquisition and fluoroscopic co-localization -- Artifacts -- Normal coronary vessel anatomy -- Plaque characterization -- Vulnerable plaque assessment -- Acute coronary syndromes: identification of the culprit plaque and distinction rupture/erosion -- Guidance of percutaneous coronary intervention -- Apposition and malapposition -- Tissue protrusion -- Vascular injury: dissections -- Guidance of complex lesion treatment: bifurcations, calcified, CTO, long and distal, ostial lesions -- Assessment at follow-up -- In-stent restenosis and neoatherosclerosis -- Bioabsorbable vascular scaffolds -- Near-infrared spectroscopy -- System description -- Potential clinical uses -- Ongoing trial -- Near-infrared fluorescence molecular imaging -- Clinical translation -- References.; CHAPTER 10 Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) and Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) Imaging for Coronary and Structural Heart Disease -- Coronary MSCT angiography-technique -- Stenosis detection -- Bifurcations and ostial lesions -- Stents -- Chronic total occlusion (CTO) -- Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) -- Trials and current guidelines -- CT FFR -- TAVR -- Pulmonary vein ablation -- Cardiovascular magnetic resonance -- Applications of CMR -- Coronary artery evaluation -- Ischemic heart disease (IHD) -- Pericardial disease -- Congenital heart disease -- Valvular heart disease -- Vascular disease -- CMR for interventional cardiac procedures -- Interventional CMR -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 11 Stable Coronary Artery Disease -- Guidelines on the management of stable angina -- Indications for coronary angiography -- Percutaneous coronary intervention for stable angina -- Comparison of percutaneous and surgical revascularization -- Comparison of coronary artery bypass surgery with medical therapy for stable angina -- Recommendations for revascularization in stable angina -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 12 PCI Strategies in Acute Coronary Syndromes without ST Segment Elevation (NSTE-ACS) -- Emergency department diagnosis and risk stratification -- Early invasive versus ischemia-guided strategy -- Revascularization for NSTE-ACS -- Adjunctive pharmacologic treatment -- Aspirin -- Oral P2Y12 receptor inhibitors -- Dual antiplatelet therapy duration -- Parenteral antiplatelet therapy -- Periprocedural anticoagulation -- ; Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 13 Primary and Rescue PCI in STEMI -- Introduction -- Timing of intervention in STEMI -- Procedure technique -- Access site selection -- Primary PCI strategy -- Aspiration thrombectomy -- Stent selection -- Multivessel disease.; Primary PCI in the setting of cardiogenic shock.