Soins, secours et exclusion / / Nicole Brocard

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910416488603321
• Autore: Brocard Nicole
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Besançon, : Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté, 2019
• ISBN: 2-84867-710-4
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (402 p.)
• Soggetti: History; hygiène; fait hospitalier; salubrité publique; soin; exclusion; diocèse; XVe siècle
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Francese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Sommario/riassunto: Comment, devant l’irrésistible montée de la misère et le danger omniprésent de peste, des hôpitaux de petite taille répondent-ils à une demande de plus en plus pressante d’assistance ? Sont-ils encore en mesure d’offrir, selon la tradition, le secours à toute sorte de pauvres – passants, pèlerins, malades, enfants, mendiants, vieillards – sans risquer de compromettre l’équilibre de leurs ressources ? L’idée devient courante que les miséreux ne méritent pas automatiquement une aide. Perçus avec effroi, considérés comme oisifs et parasites, ils menacent, aux yeux d’une majorité, l’ordre moral et social. La bienfaisance ne doit s’adresser qu’à de bons pauvres – travailleurs, enfants – accueillis préférentiellement au Saint-Esprit de Besançon dès le xve siècle. Des laïcs de l’entourage de Philippe le Bon, tel Jean de Montaigu, s’intéressent au fait hospitalier : l’établissement fondé à Salins grâce aux revenus du sel ne le cède en rien en magnificence aux hospices de Beaune. Les municipalités, soucieuses de sécurité, moins ; enclines à la philantropie, s’impliquent ; surveillant le personnel hospitalier, elles réclament des comptes, légifèrent en matière de police, d’hygiène et de salubrité publique, réglementent la mendicité, enferment les pauvres ou les chassent. Ainsi, devant la peur de l’autre – le pauvre, le malade ou l’étranger – l’assistance se transforme : les lépreux notamment, victimes particulières de ces mesures, sont plus strictement relégués et leur sort laisse préfigurer celui des pauvres dans les hôpitaux généraux de l’époque moderne.

Trends in Teaching Experimentation in the Life Sciences : Putting Research into Practice to Drive Institutional Change / / edited by Nancy J. Pelaez, Stephanie M. Gardner, Trevor R. Anderson

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910568278503321
• Autore: Pelaez Nancy J.
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2022
• ISBN: 9783030985929; 303098592X
• Edizione: [1st ed. 2022.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (572 pages)
• Collana: Contributions from Biology Education Research, , 2662-2327
• Disciplina: 570.78
• Soggetti: Science - Study and teaching; Education - Curricula; Educational tests and measurements; Teaching; Science Education; Curriculum Studies; Assessment and Testing; Didactics and Teaching Methodology
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di contenuto: Part I. Vision and Initiation Phase: Envisioning What, When, and How Students Learn about Biological Experimentation -- 1. The problem with teaching experimentation: Development and use of a framework to ; define fundamental competencies for biological experimentation -- 2. Using data to identify anticipated learning outcomes for new and existing curricula -- 3. ACE-Bio experimentation competencies across the biology curriculum: When should we teach different competencies and concepts? -- 4. Integrating the five core concepts of biology into course syllabi to advance student science epistemology and experimentation skills -- Part II. Operationalizing and Planning: Designing Instruction to Promote Learning of Biological Experimentation -- 5. Backward designing a lab course to promote authentic research experience according to students’ gains in research abilities -- 6. Using the ACE-Bio Competencies resource as a course planning tool to guide students in independent research -- 7. Experiments in data mining: Using digitized natural history collections to introduce students to data science -- 8. A framework for teaching and learning graphing in undergraduate biology -- Part III. Implementation and Student Engagement: Guiding Learners to Do Experiments and Use Representations in Biological Research -- 9. Teaching undergraduate students how to identify a gap in the literature: Design of a visual map assignment to develop a grant proposal research question -- 10. Virtual Microscope: Using simulated equipment to teach experimental techniques and processes -- 11. Introductory biology students engage in guided inquiry: Professional practice experiences develop their scientific process and experimentation competencies -- 12. Feedback and discourse as a critical skill for the development of experimentation competencies -- 13. Engaging students with experimentation in an introductory biology laboratory module -- Part IV. Assessment, Evaluation, and Grading What Students Learn about Biological Experimentation -- 14. Comparison of published assessments of biological experimentation as mapped to the ACE-Bio Competence areas -- 15. Research Across Curriculum Rubric (RAC-R): An adaptable rubric for the evaluation of journal article style lab reports -- 16. Assessing undergraduate research, a high impact practice: Using aligned outcomes to detail student achievement to multiple stakeholders -- 17. Assessment of evidentiary reasoning in undergraduate biology: A lit review and application of the Conceptual Analysis of Disciplinary Evidence (CADE) framework -- Part V. Complementary Frameworks for Guiding Students' Experimentation Practice -- 18. Hybrid labs: How students use computer models to motivate and make meaning from experiments -- 19. Electronic laboratory notebook use supports good experimental practice and facilitates data sharing, archiving and analysis -- 20. Growing innovation and collaboration through assessment and feedback: A toolkitfor assessing and developing students’ soft skills in biological experimentation -- 21. Biological reasoning according to members of the faculty developer network for undergraduate biology education: Insights from the Conceptual Analysis of Disciplinary Evidence (CADE) framework -- Part VI. Approaches to Biological Experimentation Instruction of Relevance to Biology Education Programs in General -- 22. Teaching successful student collaboration within the context of biological experimentation -- 23. Biochemistry and art: Incorporating drawings, paintings, music, and media into teaching biological science -- 24. Strategies for targeting the learning of complex skills like experimentation to different student levels: The intermediate constraint hypothesis -- 25. Implementing innovations in undergraduate biology experimentation education.
• Sommario/riassunto: This book is a guide for educators on how to develop and evaluate evidence-based strategies for teaching biological experimentation to thereby improve existing and develop new curricula. It unveils the ; flawed assumptions made at the classroom, department, and institutional level about what students are learning and what help they might need to develop competence in biological experimentation. Specific case studies illustrate a comprehensive list of key scientific competencies that unpack what it means to be a competent experimental life scientist. It includes explicit evidence-based guidelines for educators regarding the teaching, learning, and assessment of biological research competencies. The book also provides practical teacher guides and exemplars of assignments and assessments. It contains a complete analysis of the variety of tools developed thus far to assess learning in this domain. This book contributes to the growth of public understanding of biological issues including scientific literacy and the crucial importance of evidence-based decision-making around public policy. It will be beneficial to life science instructors, biology education researchers and science administrators who aim to improve teaching in life science departments. Chapters 6, 12, 14 and 22 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.