Evolution and the emergent self [[electronic resource] ] : the rise of complexity and behavioral versatility in nature / / Raymond L. Neubauer ; illustrations by Xuan Yue

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910457393003321
• Autore: Neubauer Raymond L. <1942->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: New York, : Columbia University Press, 2012
• ISBN: 1-281-74761-0; 9786613790132; 0-231-52168-5
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (337 p.)
• Altri autori (Persone): YueXuan
• Disciplina: 599.93/8
• Soggetti: Human evolution; Human behavior; Behavior evolution; Social evolution; Animal behavior - Evolution; Evolution (Biology); Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Frontmatter -- Contents -- Overview -- 1. The Immune System: A Parable -- 2. Voyages into Homeostasis -- 3. Information Content -- 4. What Is a Big Brain Good For? -- 5. A Constellation of Qualities -- 6. The Evolution of Personality -- 7. Concepts as Feature Extraction -- 8. The Brain and Belief -- 9. Energy Flows -- 10. The Origin of Life -- 11. The Prospects for Habitable Worlds -- 12. The Apex of Nature -- Notes -- Index
• Sommario/riassunto: Evolution and the Emergent Self is an eloquent and evocative new synthesis that explores how the human species emerged from the cosmic dust. Lucidly presenting ideas about the rise of complexity in our genetic, neuronal, ecological, and ultimately cosmological settings, the author takes readers on a provocative tour of modern science's quest to understand our place in nature and in our universe. Readers ; fascinated with "Big History" and drawn to examine big ideas will be challenged and enthralled by Raymond L. Neubauer's ambitious narrative.How did humans emerge from the cosmos and the pre-biotic Earth, and what mechanisms of biological, chemical, and physical sciences drove this increasingly complex process? Neubauer presents a view of nature that describes the rising complexity of life in terms of increasing information content, first in genes and then in brains. The evolution of the nervous system expanded the capacity of organisms to store information, making learning possible. In key chapters, the author portrays four species with high brain:body ratios-chimpanzees, elephants, ravens, and dolphins-showing how each species shares with humans the capacity for complex communication, elaborate social relationships, flexible behavior, tool use, and powers of abstraction. A large brain can have a hierarchical arrangement of circuits that facilitates higher levels of abstraction.Neubauer describes this constellation of qualities as an emergent self, arguing that self-awareness is nascent in several species besides humans and that potential human characteristics are embedded in the evolutionary process and have emerged repeatedly in a variety of lineages on our planet. He ultimately demonstrates that human culture is not a unique offshoot of a language-specialized primate, but an analogue of fundamental mechanisms that organisms have used since the beginning of life on Earth to gather and process information in order to buffer themselves from fluctuations in the environment.Neubauer also views these developments in a cosmic setting, detailing open thermodynamic systems that grow more complex as the energy flowing through them increases. Similar processes of increasing complexity can be found in the "self-organizing" structures of both living and nonliving forms. Recent evidence from astronomy indicates that planet formation may be nearly as frequent as star formation. Since life makes use of the elements commonly seeded into space by burning and expiring stars, it is reasonable to speculate that the evolution of life and intelligence that happened on our planet may be found across the universe.

Protein Adsorption and Conformational Changes

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910566466103321
• Autore: Assfalg Michael
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Basel, : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2022
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (100 p.)
• Soggetti: Biochemistry; Biology, life sciences; Research & information: general
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Sommario/riassunto: Protein adsorption to solids, nanomaterials, and biological surfaces is of central interest in many fields, including biomedicine, bioanalytical chemistry, materials engineering, bio-nanotechnology, and basic biomolecular research. Although protein adsorption may sometimes occur with little consequence on molecular structure, interactions with surfaces frequently cause changes in local or global conformations and dynamics, perturbations to secondary structures or tertiary folds, eventually resulting in dramatically altered protein function. Importantly, surfaces may trigger protein misfolding and self-aggregation, or, conversely, promote protein structure formation. The use of nanoscale surfaces to remodel the conformational landscape and the aggregation pathways of amyloidogenic peptides and proteins has been proposed as a promising strategy against several severe human diseases. The rapid growth of applications and technological innovation which is based on or concerned with protein adsorption necessitates renewed efforts to provide molecular-level insights into adsorption-induced protein structural perturbations. In this Special Issue, we gathered the recent findings of experimental and computational investigations that contributed novel insights into protein adsorption with a focus on the structural and dynamic aspects of proteins.